本文選題：有氧運動 + 衰老�。� 參考：《成都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:研究不同時期有氧運動干預(yù)對衰老大鼠海馬ERK基因表達(dá)及其DNA甲基化的影響,探索有氧運動對海馬ERK的影響及作用機制,探尋運動延緩腦衰老的最佳干預(yù)時期,為進一步揭示運動延緩腦衰老機制提供理論依據(jù)和實驗資料。方法:3月齡成年雄性SPF級SD大鼠共75只。大鼠購進適應(yīng)性喂養(yǎng)(1周)后,隨機分成5組(n=15):對照組(C組)、衰老組(A組)、衰老前運動組(S1組)、衰老中運動組(S2組)、衰老后運動組(S3組)。除C組外,其余組均采用腹腔注射D-半乳糖方式建立亞急性衰老動物模型。S1、S2、S3組分別在衰老前、中、后進行中等負(fù)荷游泳運動。動物建模實驗的最后一天斷頭法處死大鼠,迅速剝離大鼠海馬,分別液氮保存、石蠟包埋以待用。動物建模過程中記錄大鼠一般狀態(tài);尼氏染色觀察大鼠海馬神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)變化;Western Blotting和Real-time PCR檢測大鼠海馬ERK基因和蛋白的表達(dá);采用“飛行質(zhì)譜法”檢測大鼠海馬ERK DNA甲基化水平。實驗所得圖像采集使用激光共聚焦掃描顯微鏡進行采集分析;實驗所得數(shù)據(jù)使用SPSS20.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件進行處理和統(tǒng)計。結(jié)果:(1)大鼠一般狀態(tài):C組大鼠呈現(xiàn)正常狀態(tài);A組大鼠出現(xiàn)明顯的衰老體征,表現(xiàn)為嗜睡、食欲不振、行動遲緩及活動減少、毛色枯黃脫落等現(xiàn)象;與C組比,S2組大鼠狀態(tài)接近C組;與A組比,S2組大鼠狀態(tài)較A組好;S1、S3組與A組相近;S1、S2、S3組比,S2組狀態(tài)較好。(2)尼氏染色:C組大鼠海馬的神經(jīng)元形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)正常;A組神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)不完整,數(shù)量明顯減少,部分神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞核模糊不清,尼氏體著色變淺;與C組比,S2組接近C組;與A組比,S2組海馬神經(jīng)元排列相對有序,數(shù)量及細(xì)胞間距相對正常;S1、S3組與A組相似;S1、S2、S3組比,S2組大鼠較好,海馬神經(jīng)元的排列,數(shù)量,著色最好。(3)大鼠海馬ERK蛋白及mRNA表達(dá):海馬ERK蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)趨勢基本一致,C組表達(dá)最高,S2組次之,A組最低,且非常顯著性低于其它各組(P0.01);與C組比,S2組接近C組,均非常顯著性高于其它各組(P0.01);與A組比,S2組非常顯著性高(P0.01),S1、S3組與A組相似,組間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);S1、S2、S3組比,S2組非常顯著性高于其他兩組(P0.01)。(4)大鼠海馬ERK基因(基因序列全長:1509bp)甲基化檢測:C組大鼠甲基化最低;A、S3組最高;S1組次之;與C組相比,S2組與C組相似,甲基化水平均相對較低,組間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);與A組比,S2組非常顯著性低于A組(P0.01),S1、S3較A組均有不同程度的降低,組間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);與S1、S2、S3組比,S2組非常顯著性高于其它兩組(P0.01)。(5)大鼠海馬ERK基因甲基化與蛋白和mRNA表達(dá)相關(guān)性分析:各組大鼠海馬ERK基因甲基化與ERK蛋白和mRNA表達(dá)之間呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05)。結(jié)論:(1)衰老使大鼠海馬神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生退行性改變,使ERK基因發(fā)生高甲基化,導(dǎo)致海馬ERK蛋白和mRNA表達(dá)均出現(xiàn)下調(diào),進而影響ERK信號通路的功能,使腦的功能下降。(2)有氧運動作為外源刺激因素之一,對基因表達(dá)具有一定的修飾作用�？梢允笶RK基因發(fā)生去甲基化,進而使該基因的蛋白和mRNA表達(dá)上調(diào),修復(fù)海馬神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),維持腦的功能。推測有氧運動使ERK基因發(fā)生去甲基化,是運動延緩腦衰老的可能機制之一。(3)在大鼠衰老的不同時期進行有氧運動干預(yù),其效果不同。其中,在衰老過程中進行有氧運功干預(yù)效果最顯著,說明有氧運動干預(yù)腦衰老應(yīng)該在衰老過程中進行。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the effect of aerobic exercise intervention on the expression of ERK gene and DNA methylation in hippocampus of aging rats, explore the effect of aerobic exercise on hippocampal ERK, explore the best intervention period to postpone brain senescence, and provide theoretical basis and experimental data to further reveal the mechanism of retarding the aging of brain aging. Method: 3 75 adult male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=15) after adaptive feeding (group C), aging group (group A), pre senescence group (group S1), aging exercise group (group S2) and aging group (S3 group). Except C group, the other groups were injected with D- galacose by intraperitoneal injection of D- galacose to establish subacute senescence animal models. Type.S1, S2, and S3 group were subjected to medium load swimming before and after aging respectively. The rats were killed in the last day of the animal modeling experiment, and the rat hippocampus was quickly stripped, the liquid nitrogen was preserved and paraffin embedded to be used. The animal modeling process was used to record the general state of the rats; Nissl staining observed the morphological changes of the hippocampus neurons in the rats. Western Blotting and Real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of ERK gene and protein in the hippocampus of rats; the level of ERK DNA methylation in hippocampus of rats was detected by "flight mass spectrometry". The experimental image collection was collected and analyzed by laser confocal scanning microscope, and the experimental data were processed and counted with SPSS20.0 statistics software. Fruit: (1) general state of rats: rats in group C showed normal state; group A rats showed obvious aging signs, showing somnolence, loss of appetite, slow movement and decrease of activity, and shedding and shedding of hair yellow and so on. Compared with group C, the state of group S2 was close to that of C group; compared with group A, the state of S2 group was better than that of A group; S1, S3 group and A group; S1 (2) Nissl staining: the hippocampal neurons in group C rats were normal, the neuron cell structure in group A was incomplete, the number of neurons was obviously reduced, the nucleus of some neurons were blurred and the coloring of Nissl body became shallow; compared with group C, the S2 group was close to the C group; compared with the A group, the hippocampal neurons in the group S2 were relatively orderly, the quantity and space distance were relatively normal. S1, S3 group was similar to group A; S1, S2, S3 group was better than group S2, and the arrangement, quantity and coloring of hippocampal neurons were best. (3) the expression of ERK protein and mRNA in hippocampus of rats: hippocampal ERK protein and mRNA expression trend was basically the same, C group was the highest, the group was the lowest, and very significant lower than that of other groups. Significantly higher than the other groups (P0.01), compared with group A, group S2 was very significant (P0.01), S1, S3 group was similar to A group, and there was no significant difference between groups (P0.05); S1, S2, S3 group ratio, S2 group was significantly higher than the other two groups. (4) methylation test of rat hippocampus: the lowest methylation of rats A, S3 group was the highest and S1 group. Compared with group C, S2 group was similar to C group, and the level of methylation was relatively low, and there was no significant difference between groups (P0.05). Compared with group A, the S2 group was significantly lower than the A group (P0.01), S1, and the group had no statistical significance. In other two groups (P0.01). (5) the correlation analysis of methylation of ERK gene in hippocampus of rats and expression of protein and mRNA expression: the methylation of ERK gene in hippocampus of rats was negatively correlated with ERK protein and mRNA expression (P0.05). Conclusion: (1) senescence resulted in degenerative changes in morphological structure of hippocampal neurons in rats, resulting in the hypermethylation of ERK gene and leading to the sea. The expression of ERK protein and mRNA decreased, thus affecting the function of ERK signaling pathway and reducing the function of the brain. (2) aerobic exercise, as one of the exogenous stimuli, has a certain modification effect on gene expression. It can cause the ERK gene to demethylation and then up the protein and mRNA expression of the base and repair the hippocampal neurons. Form structure, maintain the function of brain. It is suggested that aerobic exercise can demethmethylation of ERK gene, which is one of the possible mechanisms to delay brain aging. (3) the effect of aerobic exercise is different in the different period of aging of rats. The effect of aerobic exercise during aging is the most significant, indicating that aerobic exercise intervention in brain senescence. It should be carried out during the aging process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.7

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