發(fā)布時間：2018-04-25 07:03

  本文選題：有氧耐力 + 男子短道速滑　； 參考：《吉林體育學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：短道速滑項目一直是我國重點發(fā)展的冬季運動項目,在我國冬季奧林匹克運動會是重點奪金項目和貢獻金牌數(shù)量最多的冬季運動項目,同時也是我國冬季項目發(fā)展的排頭兵和引領(lǐng)者。冬季項目主要集中于吉林、黑龍江和遼寧等冰雪資源豐富的省市,吉林省的冬季項目和短道速滑項目具有相當重要的地位,為國家培養(yǎng)了許多冬季項目人才。短道速滑項目是吉林的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢項目,能夠取得令人矚目的成績得益于長期以來相關(guān)部門的重視以及選材、訓練、科研、后勤保障等方面為短道速滑項目的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。短道速滑屬于周期性耐力項目,運動員的耐力水平特別是有氧耐力水平對運動成績影響巨大。近些年,短道速滑項目運動員有氧耐力訓練逐步成為訓練的重要組成部分,關(guān)于短道速滑項目運動員有氧耐力指標的研究成為研究熱點。吉林省短道速滑隊非常重視科研工作,一直把生理生化監(jiān)控貫穿于訓練和比賽的全過程,通過監(jiān)控生理生化指標的變化來指導訓練,調(diào)整訓練的量和強度,對運動員在訓練和比賽中的有氧耐力指標的監(jiān)控是指導和調(diào)整訓練的科學依據(jù)。最大攝氧量和無氧閾是有氧耐力的重要評價指標,通過對相關(guān)指標的監(jiān)控,根據(jù)運動員的指標變化來預測運動員的身體狀態(tài)和對訓練的適應(yīng)程度。本文正是在相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以吉林省短道速滑隊為依托,綜合運用文獻資料法、專家訪談法、實驗法以及數(shù)量統(tǒng)計等方法,結(jié)合短道速滑項目有氧耐力常規(guī)訓練方法,對短道速滑項目運動員的最大攝氧量、無氧閾等有氧耐力指標進行實驗,分別比較不同方法對運動成績、最大攝氧量、無氧閾等指標的影響,為短道速滑項目運動員有氧耐力訓練提供指導。研究結(jié)果:自行車練習法、輪滑練習法、陸地模仿練習法、滑跳練習法以及高住低訓訓練法等五種訓練方法都能夠不同程度的提高短道速滑項目運動員的有氧耐力水平。五種訓練方法對最大攝氧量和無氧閾指標的作用是相異的。不同有氧耐力訓練方法對最大攝氧量和無氧閾指標的作用是不同的。兩種指標在訓練的作用下其提升幅度和速度存在差異性和不均衡性。高住低訓法和滑跳練習對提高運動成績幫助最大,高住低訓法和自行車練習對提高短道速滑運動員的有氧耐力水平的作用最為明顯。有氧耐力水平的提高并不代表運動成績就一定提高,且提升幅度也有較大差異,運動成績和有氧耐力水平的提高存在不平衡性。建議:結(jié)合訓練階段、訓練目的和運動員身心狀態(tài)有針對性的使用各種有氧耐力訓練方法;充分利用不同有氧耐力訓練方法的特點、訓練階段和訓練目的使用有氧耐力訓練方法。重視高住低訓訓練法和自行車練習法對提高短道速滑運動員有氧耐力水平起著突出作用,提高高住低訓訓練法和自行車練習法的重要地位和訓練時間;全面提高選材、訓練、科研以及膳食營養(yǎng)等方面的科學化水平,才能提高吉林省短道速滑隊的整體競技能力。
[Abstract]:The short track speed skating project has been the key development winter sport in China. The Winter Olympic Games in China are the key gold medal winning projects and the winter sports events that contribute the most gold medals. At the same time, it is also the leading soldier and leader in the development of China's winter projects. The winter project is focused on the ice and snow capital in Jilin, Heilongjiang and Liaoning. Jilin province's winter project and short track speed skating project have a very important position in the rich provinces and cities. The short track speed skating project is the traditional advantage project of Jilin. It can benefit from the attention of the relevant departments and the material selection, training, scientific research and logistic support for a long time. It lays the foundation for the development of short track speed skating project. Short track speed skating belongs to periodic endurance project, and the endurance level of athletes especially the level of aerobic endurance has great influence on sports performance. In recent years, the aerobic endurance training of short track speed skating athletes has gradually become an important part of training, and the short track speed skating project The research on the index of aerobic endurance has become a hot spot of research. The short track speed skating team in Jilin province attaches great importance to the scientific research work. It has kept the physiological and biochemical monitoring throughout the whole process of training and competition. By monitoring the changes of physiological and biochemical indicators to guide training, adjusting the quantity and intensity of training, the aerobic endurance index of the athletes in training and competition is measured. Monitoring is the scientific basis for guiding and adjusting training. The maximum oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold is an important evaluation index of the aerobic endurance. Through the monitoring of the related indexes, the athletes' physical state and the adaptability to the training are predicted according to the changes of the athletes' indexes. This paper is based on the related research and the short track speed skating in Jilin province. With the support of the team, the methods of literature data, expert interview, experiment, and quantity statistics are used to test the maximum oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold of short track speed skating athletes in short track speed skating project, and compare the performance and maximum oxygen uptake by different methods. The effects of anaerobic threshold and other indexes provide guidance for the aerobic endurance training of short track speed skating athletes. The results of the study are: Bicycle practice, roller skating practice, land imitation practice, skidding and low training training can improve the aerobic endurance water of short track speed skating athletes in varying degrees. The effect of the five training methods on the maximum oxygen uptake and the anaerobic threshold index is different. The effect of different aerobic endurance training methods on the maximum oxygen uptake and the anaerobic threshold index is different. The two indexes have differences and unbalance between the amplitude and speed of the lifting and the speed of the training under the action of training. The effect of high performance and low training method and bicycle exercise on improving the aerobic endurance level of short track speed skaters is the most obvious. The improvement of aerobic endurance level does not represent a certain increase in sports performance, and there are great differences in the range of promotion, and the improvement of sports performance and aerobic endurance level is not balanced. Combined with the training stage, the training purpose and the physical and mental state of the athletes are targeted to use various aerobic endurance training methods; the characteristics of different aerobic endurance training methods are made full use of, the training stage and the training purpose are used in the aerobic endurance training methods. The level of oxygen endurance plays an important role in raising the important position and training time of the training method of low training and cycling, and improving the scientific level of material selection, training, scientific research and dietary nutrition in order to improve the overall competitive ability of the short track speed skating team in Jilin province.

【學位授予單位】：吉林體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G862.1

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本文編號：1800257