本文選題：生態(tài)學模型 + 女生　； 參考：《上海體育學院》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的:為了探究中小學女生一周每天不同強度體力活動(Physical Activity,簡稱“PA”)現(xiàn)狀和分析不同年級、校別和家庭經(jīng)濟社會地位(Social Economic Status,簡稱“SES”)女生一周休閑時間(Leisure-time,指工作日早晨8點-下午4點以外的所有時間和雙休日全天。)中高強度體力活動(Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity,簡稱“MVPA”)的差異性,再基于生態(tài)學模型(Ecological Model,簡稱“EM”),從個人、家庭(父母)、組織(學校)、環(huán)境(社區(qū))、政策五個層面分析中小學女生休閑時間PA的影響因素。研究方法:運用儀器測量法,測量樣本一周日常PA,著重分析研究樣本“一周休閑時間MVPA”的情況;在前期測量和調(diào)查的鋪墊下,運用訪談法進一步分析女生休閑PA的影響因素。研究結(jié)果:1.上海市部分中小學女生一周平均每天休閑時間MVPA的消耗時間11.15mins。其中,一周工作日休閑時間MVPA為9.64mins/d,雙休日的消耗時間13.32mins/d,中小學女生休閑時間周末MVPA消耗超過工作日MVPA消耗時間。不同年級女生一周休閑MVPA活動量差異顯著;不同校別、不同SES等級女學生一周休閑MVPA差異不顯著。2.個體層面中:態(tài)度、動機、性格、情緒和自信心以及自身的運動技能會對其休閑時間PA產(chǎn)生影響。其中,干預(yù)作用最顯著的是“自身喜好”。3.家庭層面中:父母態(tài)度和支持(言語鼓勵、主動陪伴和物資支持)對女生休閑時間PA有影響。特別是父母的主動陪伴能增加女生參與活動的興趣和時間。家庭健身開銷和家用器械數(shù)量以及使用情況對女生閑暇時間身體活動也有影響,但主要受自身的興趣和有無時間活動決定。4.組織(學校)層面中:同學態(tài)度不干預(yù)女生休閑時間PA,主要受同學支持中“言語鼓勵”的促進作用較多。體育老師支持能激發(fā)女生的活動興趣。學校體育氛圍較好,女生參與積極性高。學校體育設(shè)施不影響女生閑暇時間PA。學校體育課新穎能促使女生活動量增多。多數(shù)女生課后作業(yè)繁多,缺乏時間活動,這一點成為主要阻礙因素。5.環(huán)境(社區(qū))層面中:社區(qū)內(nèi)外環(huán)境優(yōu)質(zhì)、安全性高、生活休閑娛樂配套設(shè)施完善、出行便捷且距離公共活動場所較近,對女生休閑時間PA的阻礙作用較小,活動時間較多。6.政策層面中:政策通過學校層面對中小學女生休閑時間PA進行干預(yù),影響是間接的。研究結(jié)論:上海市中小學女生一周久坐時間較長,休閑時間MVPA活動量較低。不同學段、不同SES等級女生休閑時間PA無差異;不同年級女生休閑時間PA有差異,高年級PA高于低年級。研究證實中小學女生休閑時間PA受生態(tài)學理論模型五大核心層面的具體因素制約。特別是個體層面的自身愛好,家庭層面的父母主動陪伴,組織(學校)層面的同學言語鼓勵,環(huán)境(社區(qū))層面的社區(qū)內(nèi)外體育設(shè)施及通達距離對中小學女生休閑時間PA有重要影響。政策層面通過間接方式影響女生休閑PA。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the current situation of physical activity (PA) and analyze different grades of physical activity among girls in primary and secondary schools.School and Family Economic and Social status Social Economic status ("SES") A girl's weekly leisure time of 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. on weekdays and weekendsThe difference of moderate and Vigorous Physical activity ("MVPA") is based on the ecological model, "EM", from the individual.Family (parents), organization (school, environment (community), policy analysis of five levels of primary and secondary school girls leisure time PA factors.Methods: using the instrument measurement method to measure the daily PAA of the sample for one week, to analyze the situation of the sample "one week leisure time MVPA", and to further analyze the influencing factors of female students' leisure PA by the interview method under the foreshadowing of the survey and investigation.The result of the study was: 1.The average daily MVPA consumption time of girls in Shanghai was 11.15 mins.Among them, the MVPA of weekday leisure time is 9.64 mins / d, the consumption time of weekend is 13.32 mins / d, and the MVPA consumption of female students' leisure time is more than that of weekday MVPA.There was significant difference in the amount of leisure MVPA activity among girls in different grades, and there was no significant difference in leisure MVPA among female students of different SES grades in one week. 2.At the individual level: attitude, motivation, personality, emotion and self-confidence, as well as their motor skills, have an impact on their leisure time PA.Among them, the most significant intervention is the "self preference". 3.At the family level: parental attitude and support (verbal encouragement, active companionship and material support) had an impact on girls' leisure time PA.In particular, the initiative of parents can increase girls' interest and time to participate in activities.The expense of family fitness, the quantity of household equipment and the use of the equipment also affect the physical activities of female students in their leisure time, but they are mainly determined by their own interests and whether they have time activities.At the organizational (school) level: students' attitude does not interfere with girls' leisure time PAA, and "speech encouragement" plays a more important role in students' support.The PE teacher supports the girls' interest in the activities.The school sports atmosphere is good, the female participation enthusiasm is high.School sports facilities do not affect girls leisure time PAA.The novelty of physical education in school can increase the activity of girls.Most girls have a lot of homework after school and lack of time and activity, which is the main hindrance factor. 5.In the environmental (community) level: the environment inside and outside the community is high quality, the security is high, the life leisure and entertainment supporting facilities are perfect, the travel is convenient and is close to the public activity place, the hindrance to the female student's leisure time PA is small, the activity time is much. 6.Policy level: the policy interferes with the leisure time PA of primary and middle school girls through school level, the influence is indirect.Conclusion: Shanghai primary and middle school girls have longer sitting time and lower MVPA activity in leisure time.There was no difference in the leisure time PA among the girls in different SES grades, but there was difference in the leisure time PA among the girls in different grades, and the PA in the higher grade was higher than that in the lower grade.The study confirmed that the leisure time PA of girls in primary and middle schools is restricted by the five core factors of ecological theory model.Especially at the individual level of self-interest, at the family level of parents active company, organizational (school) level of students' verbal encouragement,The environment (community) level sports facilities and distance of access have an important impact on the leisure time PA of girls in primary and secondary schools.The policy level affects female leisure PAA through indirect means.
【學位授予單位】：上海體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G804.49
，

本文編號：1771652