本文選題：有氧運動 + 減脂　； 參考：《山東體育學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:通過研究12周有氧運動對單純性肥胖中老年人的體重、腰圍、腰臀比、BMI、體脂%等體成分體形態(tài)指標、血脂系列參數、脂肪細胞因子的影響,并進一步探究有氧運動與濟南市單純性肥胖中老年人解偶聯蛋白2基因第四外顯子處A55V基因多態(tài)性的關聯性,為中老年人制定個性化的減肥運動處方提供實踐和理論依據。方法:本研究選取濟南市槐蔭區(qū)單純性肥胖中老年人80名,隨機分為實驗組和對照組。通過雙能X射線等測定人體的形態(tài)學指標,通過分子生物學技術測試人體的各項血液指標,采用聚合酶鏈反應-限制性片段長度多態(tài)性(PCR-RFLP)的方法檢測受試人群的UCP2基因第四外顯子處A55V基因多態(tài)性,通過統(tǒng)計學分析方法(SPSS)分析各項指標在實驗前后的變化及組間是否具有統(tǒng)計學意義。結果:(1)經過12周的有氧運動,實驗組中各組的體重、BMI、腰圍、腰臀比較實驗前均有顯著性下降;總體組與肥胖組的體脂%也顯著性降低。(2)經過12周的有氧運動,總體組和肥胖組的總膽固醇和低密度脂蛋白膽固醇均有顯著性降低,高密度脂蛋白膽固醇有上升的趨勢但變化不明顯;總體組和肥胖組的脂聯素有顯著性升高;總體組、肥胖組及超重組的游離脂肪酸均有顯著性降低。(3)經過12周的有氧運動,通過對實驗組總體和肥胖組的研究發(fā)現,AV基因型受試者的形態(tài)學指標(BMI、腰圍、腰臀比、體重、體脂%)及血液指標(游離脂肪酸、總膽固醇)均具有顯著性降低,脂聯素水平具有顯著性增高。結論:(1)12周的有氧運動可以有效降低中老年肥胖超重人群的形態(tài)指標及血液指標(高密度脂蛋白膽固醇和脂聯素除外),有氧運動是中老年肥胖人群減肥減脂的有效健身方法。(2)三種基因型受試者的形態(tài)指標及血液指標在實驗前后具有顯著性差異,但AV基因型受試者在實驗后各指標的變化較AA、VV基因型明顯,因此AV基因型可以考慮作為運動減脂的遺傳基因標記。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effects of 12 weeks aerobic exercise on body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat%, body mass fraction, lipid series parameters and adipocytic cytokines in elderly patients with simple obesity.Furthermore, the relationship between aerobic exercise and A55V polymorphism in the fourth exon of the uncoupling protein 2 gene in the elderly with simple obesity in Jinan City was explored, which provided practical and theoretical basis for the establishment of individualized exercise prescription for weight loss in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods: in this study, 80 middle and old people with simple obesity in Huayin District of Jinan City were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group and control group.The morphological indexes of the human body were measured by dual-energy X-ray, and the blood indexes of the human body were measured by the molecular biology technique.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect A55V gene polymorphism in exon 4 of UCP2 gene.SPSS was used to analyze the changes of the indexes before and after the experiment and whether there was statistical significance between groups.Results (1) after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise, the body weight, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio of each group in the experimental group were significantly decreased before the experiment, and the body fat% of the total group and the obese group were also significantly decreased after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise.The total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the whole group and the obese group were significantly decreased, the high density lipoprotein cholesterol had an upward trend but the change was not obvious; the adiponectin level in the total group and the obese group was significantly increased; in the overall group, there was a significant increase in adiponectin.After 12 weeks of aerobic exercise, it was found that the morphologic indexes of AV genotypes were BMIs, waist-circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body weight, and so on, after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise.The blood index (free fatty acid, total cholesterol) and adiponectin level were significantly decreased and adiponectin level was significantly increased.Conclusion aerobic exercise for 12 weeks can effectively reduce the morphologic and blood indexes (except HDL cholesterol and adiponectin) in overweight and middle-aged obese people. Aerobic exercise is an effective method to reduce weight and fat in middle-aged and old obese people.The morphological and blood indexes of the three genotypes were significantly different before and after the experiment.However, the changes of AV genotypes were more obvious than those of AAV genotypes, so AV genotypes could be considered as genetic markers of exercise lipid reduction.
【學位授予單位】：山東體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.2

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