本文選題：馬拉松 + 運動員韓剛��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：韓剛是我國優(yōu)秀的男子馬拉松運動員之一,運動生涯中曾四次打破全國紀錄,參加了五屆全國運動會,在1500米、5000米、10000米、馬拉松都取得了優(yōu)異的成績,運動壽命達到21年,在我國這樣的馬拉松運動員還是少有。在我國大部分馬拉松運動員在25歲左右就匆匆退役,而國外的馬拉松運動員30歲左右還繼續(xù)參加比賽,并能打破世界紀錄達到個人運動生涯的最佳狀態(tài),這與運動學專家田麥久關(guān)于多年訓練過程理論中的運動年限13-24年相符。本文運用個案研究法、文獻資料法、專家訪談法、歸納法、邏輯分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法,對我國男子馬拉松運動員韓剛多年訓練安排進行匯總,結(jié)合現(xiàn)代馬拉松訓練的特點以及訓練安排的相關(guān)理論,歸納與分析韓剛多年不同階段訓練安排存在的優(yōu)勢與不足,為廣大的教練員和運動員的訓練安排提供可借鑒的經(jīng)驗和相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)與理論支持。研究得出如下結(jié)論:1.韓剛多年訓練分為四個階段,基礎(chǔ)訓練階段、專項提高階段、最佳競技階段、競技保持階段�；A(chǔ)訓練階段注重運動水平全方面的發(fā)展,培養(yǎng)吃苦耐勞的精神與頑強拼搏的意志品質(zhì),從小培養(yǎng)良好的基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)動作;專項提高階段逐漸提高專項能力的訓練,比賽的次數(shù)逐年增加,著重培養(yǎng)運動員的心理素質(zhì)和大賽經(jīng)驗;最佳競技階段以專項訓練為主,明確訓練重點,負荷量與強度達到較高水平,注重恢復訓練,防止傷病,創(chuàng)造優(yōu)異的成績;競技保持階段針對運動員身體狀況制定訓練負荷,保證訓練課的質(zhì)量,保持競技水平,延長運動壽命。四個階段缺一不可,緊密相連,保證多年訓練的系統(tǒng)性是韓剛多年訓練取得優(yōu)異成績、延長運動壽命的關(guān)鍵所在。2.韓剛多年訓練中最佳競技階段和競技保持階段大部分的訓練都是韓剛自己制定及安排的,古話說:“師父領(lǐng)進門修行在個人”。韓剛把大學里所學的理論知識更好的運用在實踐中,科學監(jiān)控訓練,明確身體機能,更加科學的安排訓練內(nèi)容,韓剛能明確每一堂訓練課產(chǎn)生訓練的效應及最低負荷強度、能夠維持大運動量訓練的最大平均負荷以及比賽目標速度�？梢哉f理論知識的深造使韓剛成為了我國優(yōu)秀的馬拉松運動員之一。3.韓剛多年訓練安排較為合理,訓練中采用運動訓練學理論多種訓練方法,不同階段訓練內(nèi)容的變化,體現(xiàn)了訓練安排的合理性、針對性。根據(jù)韓剛多年的比賽結(jié)果來看,韓剛訓練負荷量不是很大,比賽成績和名次都非常優(yōu)異,證明了馬拉松運動員的成功不僅取決于完成的訓練量,還取決于完成訓練的質(zhì)量。4.韓剛在身體素質(zhì)訓練中,力量訓練時間相對較少,協(xié)調(diào)性和靈敏性的練習也欠缺,下肢力量的缺乏容易導致傷病。這些練習應貫穿整個訓練的每一個階段。
[Abstract]:Han Gang is one of the best men's marathoners in China. He has broken the national record four times in his career and participated in the five National Games. In 1500 meters to 5, 000 meters and 10, 000 meters, all marathons have achieved excellent results, and the life span of the marathon has reached 21 years.Marathon runners like this are rare in our country.Most marathon runners in China retire hastily at the age of 25, while foreign marathoners continue to compete at the age of 30, and can break the world record to reach the best state of their individual sports career.This is consistent with the kinematics expert Tian Maijiu on the theory of years of training process in the exercise years 13-24 years.Using case study, literature, expert interview, induction, logic analysis and mathematical statistics, this paper summarizes the training arrangements of Han Gang, a male marathon runner in China.Combined with the characteristics of modern marathon training and the relevant theories of training arrangement, this paper summarizes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of Han Gang's training arrangements at different stages for many years.To provide experience and relevant data and theoretical support for the training arrangements of coaches and athletes.The study came to the following conclusion: 1.Han Gang's training for many years is divided into four stages: basic training stage, special improvement stage, best competitive stage and competitive maintenance stage.In the basic training stage, we should pay attention to the development of all aspects of the sports level, cultivate the spirit of hard work and the quality of the will to work hard, train good basic technical movements from an early age, and gradually improve the training of the special ability at the stage of special improvement.The number of competitions increases year by year, with emphasis on training athletes' psychological quality and competition experience, the best competitive stage is dominated by special training, the focus of training is made clear, the load and intensity reach a higher level, and attention is paid to the recovery of training and the prevention of injuries and injuries.In order to ensure the quality of the training class, to maintain the competitive level and prolong the life span of sports, the training load should be made according to the physical condition of the athletes in the competitive maintenance stage.The four stages are indispensable, closely linked, to ensure the systematization of many years of training is Han Gang's many years of training to achieve excellent results, the key to prolong the sports life. 2.Most of Han Gang's training at the best competitive stage and the competitive maintenance stage during his many years of training was made and arranged by Han Gang himself. As the old saying goes, "Master leads in the door and practices in the individual."Han Gang better applies the theoretical knowledge he has learned in the university to practice, scientifically monitoring training, clarifying body functions, and arranging training content more scientifically. Han Gang can make clear the effect and minimum load intensity of each training class.Ability to maintain maximum average load and target speed of large-volume training.It can be said that the further study of theoretical knowledge has made Han Gang one of the best marathon runners in China.Han Gang's training arrangement for many years is more reasonable. In the training, many kinds of training methods are adopted in the training, and the change of training contents in different stages reflects the rationality and pertinence of the training arrangement.According to the results of Han Gang's many years' competition, Han Gang's training load is not very large, and the result and position of the race are very excellent, which proves that the success of marathon athletes depends not only on the amount of training completed, but also on the quality of finished training.In the physical fitness training, Han Gang's strength training time is relatively small, the coordination and sensitivity exercises are also lacking, and the lower extremity strength deficiency can easily lead to injury.These exercises should run through every stage of the training.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G822.8

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