本文選題：特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎不對稱性動作椎旁肌凹側(cè)肌力肌電　切入點：　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究從脊柱側(cè)彎康復(fù)的非手術(shù)療法入手,運用運動解剖學(xué)、運動訓(xùn)練學(xué)和運動生物力學(xué)原理,對青少年輕度特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎患者脊柱矯正的動作進行研究,設(shè)計出針對增強脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的9個不對稱性練習動作,運用德國16導(dǎo)Biovision多導(dǎo)運動生物電記錄分析系統(tǒng),采集4名脊柱側(cè)彎患者每次練習中側(cè)彎胸椎段和腰椎段凹凸兩側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電活動信號,計算脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)與凸側(cè)的肌電積分得出凹側(cè)與凸側(cè)的積分肌電振幅比值,并對所得的數(shù)據(jù)進行數(shù)理分析,得出矯正脊柱側(cè)彎的有效動作,為脊柱側(cè)彎的康復(fù)治療和今后的預(yù)防研究提供參考。研究結(jié)果:1、不對稱動作練習采用不對稱性站姿、不對稱負重能夠增加脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電振幅。2、進行不對稱運動時,凹側(cè)腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、單側(cè)負重俯臥背起和凹側(cè)肘支撐練習能夠增強脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電活動。3、對于側(cè)彎的胸椎段,背起練習和半蹲式杠鈴劃船練習能夠增強脊柱凹側(cè)肌電振幅,而不對稱跪姿單側(cè)直臂負重上抬對增加凹側(cè)的肌電振幅更有優(yōu)勢。4、對于側(cè)彎的腰椎段,站姿胸前下拉(正握)、凸側(cè)單腿支撐負重直膝撐起練習對增加凹側(cè)的肌電振幅有顯著性表現(xiàn)。研究結(jié)論:1、依據(jù)特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎的病理結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合不對稱負重方式和不對稱姿態(tài),設(shè)計出用以增強脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌肌力的九種動態(tài)練習動作。2、采用凹側(cè)直腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、凸側(cè)臂負重俯臥背起、凸側(cè)膝墊高跪姿異側(cè)直臂負重上抬、凹側(cè)膝墊高跪姿前推腹肌輪、凹側(cè)肘支撐五種動作模式練習可同時增強側(cè)彎胸椎段和腰椎段椎旁肌的肌力;采用凸側(cè)直腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、半蹲式凸側(cè)負重杠鈴劃船、凸側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前上提、凹側(cè)膝墊高跪姿同側(cè)直臂負重上抬四個練習模式能夠有效增強側(cè)彎胸椎段凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌力;凹側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前下拉、凹側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前上提、凸側(cè)腿支撐負重直膝撐起、凸側(cè)膝墊高跪姿前推腹肌輪四個模式練習能夠有效增強側(cè)彎腰椎段凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌力。3、長期堅持以增強脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌肌力為目的的動作練習,可以有效矯正青少年輕度特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎。
[Abstract]:This study began with the non-operative therapy of scoliosis rehabilitation, and applied the principles of sports anatomy, exercise training and exercise biomechanics to study the action of correction of the spine of young patients with mild idiopathic scoliosis. Nine asymmetrical exercises aimed at enhancing the paravertebral muscles in the concave side of scoliosis were designed and analyzed by using the 16-lead Biovision multichannel movement bioelectric recording and analysis system in Germany. The electromyoelectric activity signals of the paravertebral muscles in thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were collected from 4 patients with scoliosis in each exercise, and the integral EMG amplitude ratio of concave side and convex side was calculated by calculating the EMG integral of concave side and convex side of scoliosis. Through the mathematical analysis of the obtained data, the effective action of correcting scoliosis is obtained, which provides a reference for the rehabilitation treatment of scoliosis and the future study of prevention. Asymmetric load can increase the amplitude of myoelectric amplitude of the paravertebral muscle of the concave side of the spine. During asymmetric exercise, the dumbbell in the high position of the concave leg is recommended on the shoulder. Unilateral loading prone back and concave elbow support exercises can enhance the myoelectric activity of the paravertebral muscles of the concave side of the scoliosis. For the thoracic segment of the lateral curvature, the back exercises and the half-squat barbell rowing exercises can enhance the amplitude of the muscle electrical activity in the concave side of the spine. On the other hand, asymmetrical straight arm lifting on one side of straight arm has more advantages to increase the amplitude of myoelectric amplitude in concave side. 4, for lumbar vertebrae with lateral bending, Standing posture pull-down (positive grip, protruding one-legged weight bearing straight knee brace) has significant effect on increasing myoelectric amplitude of concave side. Conclusion: 1, according to the pathological structure of idiopathic scoliosis, combined with asymmetric load mode and asymmetrical posture, Nine kinds of dynamic exercises were designed to enhance the paravertebral muscle strength of the concave side of the spine. The concave knee pad pushes forward the abdominal muscle wheel in the kneeling position, the concave elbow supports five kinds of action modes to exercise, can simultaneously enhance the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle of the thoracic vertebra segment and the lumbar vertebrae segment at the same time, adopt the protruding side straight leg high position standing dumbbell to push on the shoulder, the half squat knuckles side load barbell row, The four exercise modes of protruding knee bending high standing posture, concave knee pad kneeling and the same side straight arm loading up can effectively enhance the muscle strength of the concave paravertebral muscle in the lateral bending thoracic vertebra segment, and the concave leg bend the knee high position standing posture and pull down in front of the chest. The concave leg bends the knee and stands on the chest in a high position, and the convex leg supports the weight bearing and the straight knee support. The four modes of protruding abdominal muscle wheel with high kneeling posture can effectively enhance the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle in the concave side of the lumbar vertebrae, and persist in the long term action exercise aimed at enhancing the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle in the concave side of the scoliosis. It can effectively correct mild idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G804.2

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