本文選題：特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎不對(duì)稱性動(dòng)作椎旁肌凹側(cè)肌力肌電　切入點(diǎn)：　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究從脊柱側(cè)彎康復(fù)的非手術(shù)療法入手,運(yùn)用運(yùn)動(dòng)解剖學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)原理,對(duì)青少年輕度特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎患者脊柱矯正的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行研究,設(shè)計(jì)出針對(duì)增強(qiáng)脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的9個(gè)不對(duì)稱性練習(xí)動(dòng)作,運(yùn)用德國16導(dǎo)Biovision多導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)生物電記錄分析系統(tǒng),采集4名脊柱側(cè)彎患者每次練習(xí)中側(cè)彎胸椎段和腰椎段凹凸兩側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電活動(dòng)信號(hào),計(jì)算脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)與凸側(cè)的肌電積分得出凹側(cè)與凸側(cè)的積分肌電振幅比值,并對(duì)所得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)理分析,得出矯正脊柱側(cè)彎的有效動(dòng)作,為脊柱側(cè)彎的康復(fù)治療和今后的預(yù)防研究提供參考。研究結(jié)果:1、不對(duì)稱動(dòng)作練習(xí)采用不對(duì)稱性站姿、不對(duì)稱負(fù)重能夠增加脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電振幅。2、進(jìn)行不對(duì)稱運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),凹側(cè)腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、單側(cè)負(fù)重俯臥背起和凹側(cè)肘支撐練習(xí)能夠增強(qiáng)脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌電活動(dòng)。3、對(duì)于側(cè)彎的胸椎段,背起練習(xí)和半蹲式杠鈴劃船練習(xí)能夠增強(qiáng)脊柱凹側(cè)肌電振幅,而不對(duì)稱跪姿單側(cè)直臂負(fù)重上抬對(duì)增加凹側(cè)的肌電振幅更有優(yōu)勢。4、對(duì)于側(cè)彎的腰椎段,站姿胸前下拉(正握)、凸側(cè)單腿支撐負(fù)重直膝撐起練習(xí)對(duì)增加凹側(cè)的肌電振幅有顯著性表現(xiàn)。研究結(jié)論:1、依據(jù)特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎的病理結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合不對(duì)稱負(fù)重方式和不對(duì)稱姿態(tài),設(shè)計(jì)出用以增強(qiáng)脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌肌力的九種動(dòng)態(tài)練習(xí)動(dòng)作。2、采用凹側(cè)直腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、凸側(cè)臂負(fù)重俯臥背起、凸側(cè)膝墊高跪姿異側(cè)直臂負(fù)重上抬、凹側(cè)膝墊高跪姿前推腹肌輪、凹側(cè)肘支撐五種動(dòng)作模式練習(xí)可同時(shí)增強(qiáng)側(cè)彎胸椎段和腰椎段椎旁肌的肌力;采用凸側(cè)直腿高位站姿啞鈴肩上推舉、半蹲式凸側(cè)負(fù)重杠鈴劃船、凸側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前上提、凹側(cè)膝墊高跪姿同側(cè)直臂負(fù)重上抬四個(gè)練習(xí)模式能夠有效增強(qiáng)側(cè)彎胸椎段凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌力;凹側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前下拉、凹側(cè)腿屈膝高位站姿胸前上提、凸側(cè)腿支撐負(fù)重直膝撐起、凸側(cè)膝墊高跪姿前推腹肌輪四個(gè)模式練習(xí)能夠有效增強(qiáng)側(cè)彎腰椎段凹側(cè)椎旁肌的肌力。3、長期堅(jiān)持以增強(qiáng)脊柱側(cè)彎凹側(cè)椎旁肌肌力為目的的動(dòng)作練習(xí),可以有效矯正青少年輕度特發(fā)性脊柱側(cè)彎。
[Abstract]:This study began with the non-operative therapy of scoliosis rehabilitation, and applied the principles of sports anatomy, exercise training and exercise biomechanics to study the action of correction of the spine of young patients with mild idiopathic scoliosis. Nine asymmetrical exercises aimed at enhancing the paravertebral muscles in the concave side of scoliosis were designed and analyzed by using the 16-lead Biovision multichannel movement bioelectric recording and analysis system in Germany. The electromyoelectric activity signals of the paravertebral muscles in thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were collected from 4 patients with scoliosis in each exercise, and the integral EMG amplitude ratio of concave side and convex side was calculated by calculating the EMG integral of concave side and convex side of scoliosis. Through the mathematical analysis of the obtained data, the effective action of correcting scoliosis is obtained, which provides a reference for the rehabilitation treatment of scoliosis and the future study of prevention. Asymmetric load can increase the amplitude of myoelectric amplitude of the paravertebral muscle of the concave side of the spine. During asymmetric exercise, the dumbbell in the high position of the concave leg is recommended on the shoulder. Unilateral loading prone back and concave elbow support exercises can enhance the myoelectric activity of the paravertebral muscles of the concave side of the scoliosis. For the thoracic segment of the lateral curvature, the back exercises and the half-squat barbell rowing exercises can enhance the amplitude of the muscle electrical activity in the concave side of the spine. On the other hand, asymmetrical straight arm lifting on one side of straight arm has more advantages to increase the amplitude of myoelectric amplitude in concave side. 4, for lumbar vertebrae with lateral bending, Standing posture pull-down (positive grip, protruding one-legged weight bearing straight knee brace) has significant effect on increasing myoelectric amplitude of concave side. Conclusion: 1, according to the pathological structure of idiopathic scoliosis, combined with asymmetric load mode and asymmetrical posture, Nine kinds of dynamic exercises were designed to enhance the paravertebral muscle strength of the concave side of the spine. The concave knee pad pushes forward the abdominal muscle wheel in the kneeling position, the concave elbow supports five kinds of action modes to exercise, can simultaneously enhance the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle of the thoracic vertebra segment and the lumbar vertebrae segment at the same time, adopt the protruding side straight leg high position standing dumbbell to push on the shoulder, the half squat knuckles side load barbell row, The four exercise modes of protruding knee bending high standing posture, concave knee pad kneeling and the same side straight arm loading up can effectively enhance the muscle strength of the concave paravertebral muscle in the lateral bending thoracic vertebra segment, and the concave leg bend the knee high position standing posture and pull down in front of the chest. The concave leg bends the knee and stands on the chest in a high position, and the convex leg supports the weight bearing and the straight knee support. The four modes of protruding abdominal muscle wheel with high kneeling posture can effectively enhance the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle in the concave side of the lumbar vertebrae, and persist in the long term action exercise aimed at enhancing the muscle strength of the paravertebral muscle in the concave side of the scoliosis. It can effectively correct mild idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G804.2

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