本文選題：巫家拳　切入點(diǎn)：傳承　出處：《廣州體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)備受國(guó)家重視,關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)回歸的呼聲也日漸高漲,巫家拳作為中華民族129種優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)拳種之一,是傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)的一大寶貴遺產(chǎn)。隨著社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,巫家拳的生存和發(fā)展環(huán)境發(fā)生了變化,古老質(zhì)樸的巫家拳陷入傳承斷層等發(fā)展困境。本研究的目的在于通過(guò)對(duì)巫家拳起源流派、技術(shù)體系及其成因的梳理和整理,喚起眾人對(duì)巫家拳的關(guān)注。旨在填補(bǔ)巫家拳脈絡(luò)、技術(shù)方面的空缺,為今后的巫家拳傳承與發(fā)展研究提供一定理論依據(jù)。運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、訪談法、實(shí)地考察法,以巫家拳為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)搜集到的資料進(jìn)行篩選、整理、歸納、分析,初步完成對(duì)巫家拳的起源、流派、傳承途徑、傳承內(nèi)容、傳承現(xiàn)狀、巫家拳技術(shù)體系以及技術(shù)特征的成因等問(wèn)題的理論探索。研究結(jié)果表明:1)巫必達(dá)創(chuàng)造了湖南地方性拳種巫家拳,目前在湖南、湖北發(fā)展最好,湖南又以長(zhǎng)株潭為首。長(zhǎng)沙唐派以練習(xí)田字六肘和麒麟六肘為主,株洲李派以矮樁掐吊六肘為主,湘潭馮派以習(xí)練三叉六肘、掐吊六肘、探力心意拳為主。2)巫家拳傳承的主要途徑是師徒傳承和學(xué)校傳承,傳承至今,除存留的書籍、器械等看得見(jiàn)的實(shí)物外,其口傳身授的練功程序和武德等也得以保存。在此過(guò)程中,傳承途徑和傳承觀念的改變利于巫家拳的發(fā)展,但也仍存在傳承人斷層、傳承資料錯(cuò)誤等不利因素。3)巫家拳善存的徒手套路有三叉六肘、麒麟六肘、田字六肘等;器械套路有巫家單刀、七步連針棍、巫家四門板凳;功法有爪功和羅漢功。諸多套路中當(dāng)屬徒手套路和功法保存狀況較好,但仍存在部分套路失傳危險(xiǎn)。4)巫家拳的拳理科學(xué)性很強(qiáng),蘊(yùn)含了諸多中國(guó)古代哲學(xué)思想和機(jī)理。在其發(fā)展中,其技法和操作方法也符合現(xiàn)代多學(xué)科的理論要求。5)巫家拳的技術(shù)包括樁法、步法、腿法、手法、肘法,其中以肘法為長(zhǎng),肘法有撞肘、擱肘、扁肘等六肘,六肘既是進(jìn)攻之利器,也是防守之關(guān)鍵。6)巫家拳的技術(shù)特征受自然地理環(huán)境、社會(huì)政治環(huán)境以及個(gè)人的影響,形成了少腿法、多手法和肘法,活動(dòng)范圍小,運(yùn)行路線多直線的發(fā)勁剛猛,落點(diǎn)剛脆的不同風(fēng)格特色的拳術(shù)套路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the traditional Wushu has been attached great importance to by the state, and the voice of the return of the traditional Wushu is rising day by day. As one of the 129 kinds of outstanding traditional Wushu boxing of the Chinese nation, Wushu is a precious heritage of the traditional Wushu. The survival and development environment of Wushu has changed, and the ancient simple Wushu has fallen into the development dilemma such as the inheritance fault. The purpose of this study is to sort out the origin, technical system and causes of Wushu. Arousing people's attention to witchcraft boxing. The aim is to fill the gaps in the context and technology of witchcraft boxing, and to provide certain theoretical basis for the future research on the inheritance and development of witchcraft boxing. Taking Wushu as the research object, screening, sorting, summing up, analyzing and preliminarily completing the origin, schools, ways, contents, status quo of Wushu boxing. Theoretical exploration of the technical system and technical characteristics of Wushu. The research results show that Wubida has created the local Wushu in Hunan. At present, in Hunan, Hubei has the best development. Hunan was also led by Chang-Zhu-Tan. Changsha and Tang schools mainly practiced Tian Zi six cubits and Kirin six cubits, Zhuzhou Li faction mainly used short piles to hang six cubits, Xiangtan Feng faction practiced tripod six cubits, and pinched and hung six cubits. The main way of inheritance of witchcraft boxing is the inheritance of teachers and disciples and the inheritance of schools. Until now, in addition to books, instruments and other visible objects, In this process, the change of inheritance path and inheritance concept is beneficial to the development of witchcraft boxing, but there is still a fault of inheriting people. The unfavorable factors such as the error of inheriting data. 3) the unarmed routine of wizarding boxing has six cubits of three-fork, six cubits of Kirin, six cubits of Tian Zi, and so on, and the instrument routine has wizardry single knife, seven steps with needle stick, four door benches of witchcraft; Among the many routines, the freehand routine and the function method are better preserved, but there are still some routines that are lost in danger. 4) the boxing theory of Wushu is very scientific. It contains many ancient Chinese philosophical thoughts and mechanisms. In its development, its techniques and operation methods also accord with the modern multi-disciplinary theoretical requirements. 5) the techniques of witchcraft include pile method, footwork, leg method, manipulation, elbow method, among which elbow method is the long one. The elbow method has six cubits, such as hitting elbows, putting elbows, flat elbows, and so on. Six cubits are not only a sharp weapon for attack, but also a key to defense. 6) the technical characteristics of witchcraft are influenced by natural geographical environment, social and political environment, and individuals, forming the method of less legs, more techniques and elbows. Small range of activities, running lines of straight-line vigorous, point-crisp style of different styles of boxing routine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G852.1

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