發(fā)布時間：2018-03-05 12:43

  本文選題：手球守門員　切入點：眼動特征　出處：《首都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究通過對專業(yè)手球運(yùn)動員封擋7米球的眼動特征差異進(jìn)行比較,探討了專家守門員與新手守門員的眼動特征。研究對象為解放軍手球隊隊員8名(其中男隊員4名,女隊員4名),國家女子青年手球隊隊員2名和國家男子手球隊隊員4名(其中包括1名江蘇隊守門員、1名上海隊守門員和2名北京隊守門員),共計14名。本實驗的情境為現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行封擋7米球,采用德國SMI ETGTM便攜式眼動儀對研究對象的眼動特征進(jìn)行記錄,此外應(yīng)用Begaze3.7對原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行編輯,應(yīng)用SPSS20.0和Microsoft Excel工作表進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計處理。同時,使用Quintic二維動作捕捉分析系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行錄制,并記錄守門員的反應(yīng)時,實現(xiàn)了眼動特征與反應(yīng)時數(shù)據(jù)的同步測量。實驗以“專家-新手”范式,讓每位被試封擋共計12個7米球,并記錄、比較和分析其眼動特征和行為指標(biāo)。通過已有研究成果與本實驗的眼動及行為指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合,研究結(jié)果表明:(1)專家組被試與新手組被試的封擋成功率具有顯著差異。在判斷正確率上專家組被試與新手組被試呈現(xiàn)邊緣顯著。專家組被試的反應(yīng)時小于新手組被試。(2)專家組被試與新手組被試在不同部位的注視時間指標(biāo)中,專家組被試注視軀干和非射門手臂的時間顯著小于新手組被試,而在注視射門隊員頭部的時間顯著長于新手組被試。在不同位置的注視次數(shù)指標(biāo)上,專家組被試在軀干和非射門手臂兩個注視位置上未產(chǎn)生注視次數(shù)。(3)專家組被試與新手組被試在Gaze Replay圖片上有顯著差異,專家組被試的注視軌跡簡單,注視點主要集中在頭和球。新手組被試注視點軌跡較為復(fù)雜,注視點分散在頭、球、軀干和射門肩膀。專家組被試與新手組被試在射門動作各個環(huán)節(jié)的注視點有明顯不同,專家組被試在持球、引球、舉球階段注視點均為射門隊員的頭部,在射門階段注視點為球。而新手組被試在持球階段注視點在射門員軀干,在引球階段注視點為射門隊員的非射門手臂,在舉球階段注視點為射門隊員的非射門手臂,在射門階段注視點在射門隊員的射門手臂。從專家與新手的行為指標(biāo)中得出:做出正確、快速的判斷決策與成功的封擋需要長期的訓(xùn)練和比賽和經(jīng)驗積累;從眼動指標(biāo)中得出:射門隊員的頭部是注視的重要位置,軀干和非射門手臂非有效注視區(qū)域;專家組與新手組GazeReplay分析得出:專家組的注特征更加簡潔、集約、高效。
[Abstract]:In this study, the eye movement characteristics of the expert goalkeeper and the novice goalkeeper were studied by comparing the eye movement characteristics of the professional handball players blocking 7-meter ball. The subjects of the study were 8 members of the PLA handball team (including 4 male players). There are 4 female players, 2 members of the national young women handball team and 4 members of the national men's handball team (including 1 goalkeeper of Jiangsu team and 1 goalkeeper of shanghai team and 2 goalie of Beijing team), a total of 14. The scene for the scene to block 7 meters ball, The SMI ETGTM portable eye movement instrument in Germany is used to record the eye movement characteristics of the subjects studied. In addition, Begaze3.7 is used to edit the original data, and the SPSS20.0 and Microsoft Excel worksheets are used for the statistical processing of the data. At the same time, Using the Quintic two-dimensional motion capture analysis system to record and record the goalie's reaction time, the eye movement characteristics and the response time data were measured synchronously. The experiment used the "expert-novice" paradigm to make each participant block a total of 12 7 meters ball. The eye movement characteristics and behavioral indicators were recorded, compared and analyzed. The results showed that there was significant difference in the blocking success rate between the novice group and the expert group, and the margin was significant between the expert group and the novice group, and the reaction time of the expert group was less than that of the novice group. Group of experts and novice group of subjects in different parts of the fixation time indicators, The time of gazing at the torso and non-shooting arm was significantly shorter than that of the novice group, while the time of gazing at the head of the shooting player was significantly longer than that of the novice group. There were significant differences in Gaze Replay images between the subjects of the panel and the novice group in the torso and non-shooting arm fixation positions. The gazing track of the subjects was simple. The fixation points were mainly concentrated on the head and the ball. The track of the fixation points in the novice group was more complicated, and the fixation points were scattered in the head, ball, torso and shooting shoulders. The subjects of the expert group were the head of the shooting player in the holding, leading and lifting stages of the ball and the ball at the shooting stage, while the novice group was watching the point at the shooting torso in the holding stage. The non-shooting arm of the shooting player at the point at which the ball is directed, and the non-shooting arm at the point of fixation at the point of view at the stage of lifting the ball, From the action index of experts and novices, it is concluded that making correct, quick decision and successful blocking requires long-term training, match and experience accumulation; From the eye movement index: the head of the shooting player is the important position of fixation, the torso and non-shooting arm are not effective fixation area; the GazeReplay analysis of the expert group and the novice group shows that the note characteristics of the expert group are more concise, intensive and efficient.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G844

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本文編號：1570282