本文關(guān)鍵詞： 花樣滑冰 青少年后備人才 培養(yǎng)體系　出處：《吉林體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：黑龍江、吉林兩省利用環(huán)境優(yōu)勢條件,開展了很多冰上運(yùn)動(dòng),花樣滑冰就是其中一項(xiàng)重要的項(xiàng)目。利用這一優(yōu)勢條件,黑龍江、吉林兩省一直以來都是我國花樣滑冰人才的發(fā)源地,在國際各大賽事上獲得了很多優(yōu)異成績,近些年國家對(duì)黑龍江、吉林兩省花樣滑冰進(jìn)行了很多創(chuàng)新與改革,為黑龍江、吉林兩省花樣滑冰的發(fā)展提供了更多平臺(tái),也為后備人才的培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展提供了更多機(jī)會(huì),但是由于老一批優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員的退役造成了后備人才斷層的發(fā)展趨勢,特別是在基層的后備人才,培養(yǎng)后向上一級(jí)輸送的問題尤為顯著。之后國家推出了“北冰南展”政策,將我國花樣滑冰向南方城市發(fā)展,在南方培養(yǎng)出更多優(yōu)秀的后備人才。本文以黑龍江、吉林兩省開展花樣滑冰項(xiàng)目的部分業(yè)余體校、市運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)、省運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)的教練員以及運(yùn)動(dòng)員為調(diào)查對(duì)象,采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、實(shí)地考察法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)法等研究方法,對(duì)黑龍江、吉林兩省花樣滑冰后備人才培養(yǎng)體系的相關(guān)內(nèi)容:運(yùn)動(dòng)員培養(yǎng)體系(人才培養(yǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)、人才資源、運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)機(jī)等);教練員(專業(yè)技能、科研能力等);運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練及比賽情況;運(yùn)動(dòng)員學(xué)習(xí)及日常生活管理的內(nèi)容四大方面進(jìn)行進(jìn)行調(diào)查及對(duì)比分析。本文通過跟蹤、調(diào)查,對(duì)搜集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理、歸納總結(jié),分析研究以及深入思考黑、吉兩省花樣滑冰后備人才培養(yǎng)體系的現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題以及改進(jìn)措施,旨在為黑龍江、吉林兩省花樣滑冰青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供理論上的依據(jù),從而促使黑龍江、吉林兩省花樣滑冰后備力量的有序良性發(fā)展;同時(shí),為“北冰南展”政策開展過程中可能遇到的問題引以為鑒,為該政策的開展拋磚引玉。筆者將調(diào)查過程中的有效依據(jù)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的理論研究與實(shí)際結(jié)合分析,得出如下結(jié)論:1.在人力資源體系方面,黑、吉兩省花樣滑冰后備人才數(shù)量呈下降趨勢,但全國花樣滑冰后備人才數(shù)量呈上升趨勢,兩省的花樣滑冰后備人才來源多數(shù)是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展好的省會(huì)城市,其他城市人才培養(yǎng)數(shù)量比較貧瘠,這一現(xiàn)狀兩省沒有明顯差異。黑龍江省教練員認(rèn)為花樣滑冰后備人才培養(yǎng)體系不合理的比例比吉林省高。黑、吉兩省的教練員多數(shù)是高水平的運(yùn)動(dòng)員退役留任,專業(yè)技能水平高,訓(xùn)練經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富,但是科研能力相對(duì)欠缺;黑龍江省教練員的培訓(xùn)學(xué)習(xí)次數(shù)多于吉林省,黑龍江省相關(guān)部門對(duì)教練員的學(xué)習(xí)組織管理優(yōu)于吉林省。2.在競賽訓(xùn)練體系方面,黑龍江省相比吉林省更加偏向于每周5-6次訓(xùn)練,但是吉林省運(yùn)動(dòng)員每天的訓(xùn)練時(shí)間長于黑龍江省,吉林省運(yùn)動(dòng)員每年參加比賽的次數(shù)多于黑龍江省。3.在后勤保障管理體系方面,兩省對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員日常管理都亟須完善,但從數(shù)據(jù)來看,黑龍江省的教練員對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的管理相對(duì)吉林省的教練員更加嚴(yán)格,對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員學(xué)習(xí)文化知識(shí)的引導(dǎo)也優(yōu)于吉林省。4.黑、吉兩省的后備人才培養(yǎng)政策保障制度都需要不斷完善。
[Abstract]:Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces have carried out a lot of sports on ice, and figure skating is one of the important projects. Taking advantage of this advantage, Heilongjiang, Jilin Province has always been the birthplace of Chinese figure skating talents, and has achieved many excellent results in major international competitions. In recent years, the state has carried out many innovations and reforms in figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, for Heilongjiang, The development of figure skating in the two provinces of Jilin Province has provided more platforms and opportunities for the training and development of reserve talents. However, due to the retirement of the old group of outstanding athletes, the development trend of the gap of reserve talents has been created. In particular, the problem of training the reserve talents at the grassroots level is particularly significant. Later, the country launched the policy of "North Ice and South Development", which developed our country's figure skating to the southern cities. In this paper, some amateur sports schools in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, city sports teams, coaches and athletes of provincial sports teams are the objects of investigation. Field investigation, questionnaire survey, data statistics and other research methods, the relevant contents of the training system of the reserve talents of figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces are as follows: the training system of athletes (talent training structure, talent resources, etc.). Sports motivation and so on; coaches (professional skills, scientific research ability, etc.); athletes training and competition situation; athletes' learning and daily life management content of four aspects of investigation and comparative analysis. Collating, summarizing, analyzing and studying the collected data, and deeply thinking about the present situation, existing problems and improvement measures of the training system for the reserve talents of figure skating in Black and Jilin provinces, aiming at providing Heilongjiang, In order to promote the orderly and benign development of the reserve forces of figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, the sustainable development of the young figure skating athletes in the two provinces of Jilin Province can be provided with theoretical basis. At the same time, In order to draw lessons from the problems that may be encountered in the process of carrying out the policy of "North Ice and South Exhibition", the author makes a systematic theoretical research and practical analysis on the effective basis of the investigation. In the aspect of human resources system, the number of figure skating reserve talents in Black and Jilin provinces shows a downward trend, but the number of national figure skating reserve talents is on the rise. Most of the reserve talent sources for figure skating in the two provinces are the provincial capitals with good economic development, while the number of talents trained in other cities is relatively poor. There is no obvious difference between the two provinces. The coaches in Heilongjiang Province think that the unreasonable proportion of the training system of reserve talents for figure skating is higher than in Jilin Province. The professional skill level is high, the training experience is rich, but the scientific research ability is relatively lacking; Heilongjiang Province coaches have more training and learning times than Jilin Province, The relevant departments of Heilongjiang Province have better learning organization and management of coaches than Jilin Province. In the aspect of competition training system, Heilongjiang Province is more inclined to train 5-6 times a week than Jilin Province. However, the training time of athletes in Jilin Province is longer than that in Heilongjiang Province, and the number of times that Jilin Province athletes participate in competitions every year is more than that in Heilongjiang Province. In the aspect of logistics support management system, the two provinces urgently need to improve the daily management of athletes. But from the data point of view, the management of the coaches in Heilongjiang Province is more strict than that of the coaches in Jilin Province, and the guidance for the athletes to learn cultural knowledge is also superior to that in Jilin Province. The policy guarantee system of reserve talent training in Jilin and Jilin provinces needs to be improved constantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G862.2

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