本文關(guān)鍵詞： 2014 巴西世界杯 16強(qiáng)球隊(duì) 快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代足球比賽中,技戰(zhàn)術(shù)的發(fā)展越發(fā)趨向于“快速”、“效率”、“多元化”。2014年巴西世界杯中,上屆冠軍西班牙隊(duì)小組未能出現(xiàn),表明一味的追求控制和短傳滲透戰(zhàn)術(shù)已經(jīng)不再戰(zhàn)無(wú)不勝,這種缺乏變化的戰(zhàn)術(shù)終將退出歷史舞臺(tái)。縱觀近年世界高水平國(guó)家隊(duì)和俱樂(lè)部,他們都有著很強(qiáng)的快速反擊能力,且快速反擊形成進(jìn)球的比例逐年上升�？焖俜磽魬�(zhàn)術(shù)是一種由守轉(zhuǎn)攻的手段,其最鮮明的特點(diǎn)是出其不意、攻其不備。在運(yùn)用快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)時(shí),防守和進(jìn)攻的轉(zhuǎn)換往往是在一瞬間完成的。一次有效的快速反擊經(jīng)常使對(duì)方的防守不能及時(shí)到位,險(xiǎn)象環(huán)生,甚至造成失球。在足球賽事中以快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)獲取進(jìn)球,從而最終戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手的比賽屢屢出現(xiàn),其有效性是我們有目共睹的�？焖俜磽魬�(zhàn)術(shù)并不是一個(gè)新開發(fā)的戰(zhàn)術(shù),在過(guò)去,人們往往認(rèn)為只有弱隊(duì)和傳統(tǒng)打反擊的球隊(duì)才會(huì)使用它。近年來(lái),越來(lái)越多的球隊(duì)嘗試運(yùn)用快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù),他們?cè)谶\(yùn)用過(guò)程中,并不只是防守和反擊,而是將快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)與其他戰(zhàn)術(shù)相結(jié)合,追求戰(zhàn)術(shù)的速度、效率和變化。在經(jīng)過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)次的實(shí)踐證明后,快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)以其“快速、簡(jiǎn)練、高效、實(shí)用”的特點(diǎn)引起了越來(lái)越多足球人的重視。本文以國(guó)內(nèi)“常規(guī)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)”方法慣例為基礎(chǔ),借鑒國(guó)際足聯(lián)技術(shù)部主任首席講師漢斯·馬洛茨基博士對(duì)足球比賽各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,綜合足球資深專家、導(dǎo)師的意見,制定出該論文的統(tǒng)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然后以文獻(xiàn)資料法、觀察統(tǒng)計(jì)法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、案例分析法等研究方法,以2014年巴西世界杯16強(qiáng)球隊(duì)快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用情況為研究對(duì)象,調(diào)查2014年巴西世界杯16強(qiáng)球隊(duì)在56場(chǎng)比賽中對(duì)快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用情況,并對(duì)16強(qiáng)球隊(duì)在運(yùn)用快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)所處的不同比賽時(shí)段、不同比賽場(chǎng)區(qū)、不同比分狀態(tài),以及傳球次數(shù)、成功的方式、失敗的原因等各方面進(jìn)行全面深刻的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析�？偨Y(jié)出本屆世界杯16強(qiáng)各隊(duì)在比賽中快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用情況,并研究與探討快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用規(guī)律,力求較為客觀的反映當(dāng)今世界足球比賽中運(yùn)用快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的基本特點(diǎn)和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)本研究結(jié)果表明:1.世界各國(guó)球隊(duì)越來(lái)越重視快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用。2.快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用頻率和球隊(duì)的強(qiáng)弱及傳統(tǒng)打法無(wú)關(guān)。3.快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用受時(shí)間段和場(chǎng)區(qū)的影響較小。4.巴西世界杯快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的進(jìn)球率與成功率無(wú)明顯相關(guān)性。5.快速反擊的成功率取決于較少的出球次數(shù)和壓迫式防守。6.快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用離不開優(yōu)秀球員的個(gè)人能力。7.快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)對(duì)于各個(gè)位置球員的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)要求越來(lái)越高。8.快速反擊戰(zhàn)術(shù)不拘泥于任何技術(shù)形式。
[Abstract]:In modern football matches, the development of techniques and tactics has become more and more "fast", "efficient" and "diversified". In 2014, the last champion Spain team failed to appear at the World Cup in Brazil. This shows that the pursuit of control and short-pass penetration tactics is no longer invincible, and this lack of change will eventually withdraw from the stage of history. Looking at the world's high level national teams and clubs in recent years, they all have a strong ability to counter back quickly. And the proportion of quick counterattack forming goals has been increasing year by year. Quick counterattack tactics is a means of changing attack by defense, the most striking characteristic of which is that it is unexpected and unexpected. In the use of quick counterattack tactics, The transition between defense and attack is often done in a flash. An effective quick counterattack often causes the opponent's defense to be delayed, dangerous, or even conceded. In football, a quick counter-attack tactic is used to score goals. The effectiveness of the final victory over the opponent is obvious to all. Fast counterattack is not a newly developed tactic, in the past, People tend to think that only weak teams and traditional counterattack teams will use it. In recent years, more and more teams have tried to use quick counter-attack tactics, not just defense and counterattack, in the process. Instead, it combines the rapid counter-attack tactics with other tactics, and pursues the speed, efficiency and variety of the tactics. After countless times of practice, the rapid counter-attack tactics have been proved to be "fast, concise and efficient," The characteristics of "practical" have attracted the attention of more and more football people. This paper is based on the domestic "conventional technical statistics" method and practice. Drawing on Dr. Hans Mallotsky's statistical method of football match data, using the advice of senior football experts and mentors, we worked out the statistical criteria for this paper. Observing the methods of statistics, mathematical statistics, case analysis and so on, taking the application of the fast counter-attack tactics of the top 16 teams of Brazil World Cup in 2014 as the research object, In 2014, a survey was made on the use of fast counter attack tactics by the top 16 teams in the 56 matches in Brazil, and the different match periods, different match areas and different score states of the 16 top 16 teams in the use of fast counter attack tactics. As well as the number of passes, the way of success, the reasons for failure, and so on, to carry out comprehensive and profound statistics and analysis. Summed up the use of the fast counter-attack tactics of the top 16 teams in this World Cup. And to study and discuss the use of rapid counter-attack tactics, The aim is to reflect objectively the basic characteristics and development trend of using quick counterattack tactics in the world football match. The result of this study shows that the world teams pay more and more attention to the application of fast counter attack tactics. The frequency of counterattack tactics has nothing to do with the strength of the team and the traditional play methods .3. the use of rapid counter-attack tactics is less affected by time and field. 4. The scoring rate of the rapid counter-attack tactics in Brazil World Cup has no obvious correlation with the success rate. The success rate of quick counterattack depends on the fewer times of the ball out and the oppressive defense. 6. The use of quick counter attack tactics depends on the individual ability of the excellent players. 7. The technical and tactical requirements of the fast counter attack tactics for the players in various positions are increasing. The higher. 8. Quick counterattack tactics are not tied to any technical form.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G843

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