發(fā)布時間：2018-01-30 05:54

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大學(xué)新生 籃球課 執(zhí)行功能 目標(biāo)設(shè)置　出處：《揚州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究背景:執(zhí)行功能作為一種高級認(rèn)知功能,是個體完成復(fù)雜任務(wù)時,協(xié)調(diào)控制各種基本認(rèn)知活動的重要認(rèn)知過程。它作為個體情緒和認(rèn)知的核心,一旦執(zhí)行功能發(fā)生障礙會誘發(fā)攻擊性、學(xué)習(xí)障礙、抑郁等多種問題。已有大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能相關(guān)研究顯示:大學(xué)生人群中由于執(zhí)行功能障礙引發(fā)的孤獨癥患病率高達8.3%、輕度精神分裂癥患病率達6.7%,注意缺陷患病率達4.3%。這一現(xiàn)象引起了教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)和神經(jīng)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域?qū)＜业年P(guān)注,探索如何有效改善、提高大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為較多學(xué)科的研究主流。近年來,大量的研究證明體育運動對大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展起到積極作用,可以作為一種促進大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展的有效手段。高校體育課程是提升學(xué)生身體素質(zhì),促進學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的高校教學(xué)重要組成部分;是以增強學(xué)生身心健康為主要目標(biāo),實施素質(zhì)教育和培養(yǎng)人才的重要途徑;同時又是以體育運動為主要手段展開教學(xué)的課程,因此,高校體育課程理應(yīng)承擔(dān)促進大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展的責(zé)任。然而,關(guān)于高校體育課程與大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展的關(guān)系研究目前尚未引起重視。故而探究高校體育課程教學(xué)與大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能發(fā)展的關(guān)系,對促進大學(xué)生身心健康,豐富體育運動與執(zhí)行功能關(guān)系理論,以及高校體育教學(xué)改革理論與實踐均具有重要價值。研究目的:本研究結(jié)合大學(xué)生的身心發(fā)展特點,通過在籃球教學(xué)中采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置法教學(xué),探討設(shè)計的8周采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課對大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能的影響,揭示高校體育課程對發(fā)展大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能的作用。研究對象與方法:整體抽取揚州某大學(xué)大一新生兩個班,共84名學(xué)生,實驗分組采用抽簽法確定,把選取的學(xué)生按照班級隨機分為實驗組(44名學(xué)生)和對照組(40名學(xué)生)。對照組進行常規(guī)籃球課教學(xué),實驗組進行8周目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課教學(xué)。通過使用Flanker任務(wù)、More-odd shifting任務(wù)、2-back任務(wù)考察8周實驗前后大學(xué)生執(zhí)行功能的抑制、刷新和轉(zhuǎn)換三個子功能的變化。研究結(jié)果:(1)與對照組相比,實驗組大學(xué)新生整體執(zhí)行功能提高,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(F(1,59)=8.62,P0.01);(2)采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課對大學(xué)新生執(zhí)行功能的抑制、刷新和轉(zhuǎn)換功能的影響為:與常規(guī)教學(xué)組比較,采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課的實驗組抑制功能提高(F(1,59)=4.57,P0.05),差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課的實驗組刷新功能提高(F(1,59)=8.96,P0.05),差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課的實驗組轉(zhuǎn)換功能提高(F(1,59)=0.65,P0.05),但差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)論:采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課對大學(xué)新生執(zhí)行功能的發(fā)展具有積極影響,但效果存在差異:采用目標(biāo)設(shè)置的籃球課對抑制功能和刷新功能有顯著提升作用,而對轉(zhuǎn)換功能的影響不具有顯著性。
[Abstract]:Background: executive function, as a kind of advanced cognitive function, is an important cognitive process in which individuals coordinate and control basic cognitive activities when they complete complex tasks. It is the core of individual emotion and cognition. Once the executive dysfunction occurs, it will induce aggression and learning disabilities. Depression and other problems. There have been related studies on executive function of college students: the prevalence of autism caused by executive dysfunction in college students is as high as 8.3, and the prevalence rate of mild schizophrenia is 6.7%. The prevalence rate of attention deficit is 4.3%. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of experts in the fields of education, psychology and neuroscience, and explored how to improve it effectively. Improving the development of college students' executive function has become the mainstream of multi-disciplinary research. In recent years, a large number of studies have proved that sports play a positive role in the development of college students' executive function. It can be used as an effective means to promote the development of college students' executive function. The physical education course in colleges and universities is an important part of college teaching for improving students' physical quality and promoting students' all-round development. It is an important way to improve students' physical and mental health, to carry out quality education and to train talents. At the same time, sports is the main means of teaching the curriculum, therefore, the college physical education curriculum should assume the responsibility to promote the development of college students' executive function. The research on the relationship between college physical education curriculum and the development of college students' executive function has not attracted much attention at present. Therefore, exploring the relationship between college physical education curriculum teaching and the development of college students' executive function will promote the physical and mental health of college students. It is of great value to enrich the theory of the relationship between sports and executive function, as well as the theory and practice of physical education reform in colleges and universities. Objective: this study combines the characteristics of college students' physical and mental development. By using the goal setting method in basketball teaching, this paper discusses the influence of the designed eight weeks' goal setting basketball course on college students' executive function. The research object and method: two classes of freshmen in a certain university in Yangzhou, totally 84 students, were selected, and the experiment group was determined by drawing lots. The selected students were randomly divided into the experimental group (44 students) and the control group (40 students) according to the class. The experimental group was taught with 8-week goal based basketball class. The Flanker task was used to carry out the More-odd shifting task. The 2-back task was used to investigate the inhibition of executive function, refresh and transformation of three sub-functions before and after the 8-week experiment. The results of the study were compared with those of the control group. The overall executive function of freshmen in the experimental group was improved, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). (2) the effect of the basketball course set by the target on the executive function of freshmen is as follows: compared with the routine teaching group. The inhibition function of the experimental group was improved by using the target set basketball course. The difference was statistically significant. The function of the experimental group was improved by using the target set basketball class. The difference was statistically significant. The conversion function of the experimental group was improved by using the target set basketball class (0. 65% P0. 05). But the difference is not statistically significant. Conclusion: the basketball course with goals has a positive impact on the development of college freshmen 'executive function. But the effect is different: the basketball lesson with the goal setting has the significant enhancement function to restrain the function and the refresh function, but has no significant influence on the conversion function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G841-4

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 季泰;李琳;季瀏;;心肺功能與執(zhí)行功能的關(guān)系研究述評[J];武漢體育學(xué)院學(xué)報;2014年02期

2 李紅,高山,白俊杰;從兒童賭博任務(wù)看熱執(zhí)行功能的發(fā)展[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;2005年01期

3 袁荊晶;李德平;;運動對兒童執(zhí)行功能的影響研究綜述[J];當(dāng)代體育科技;2013年26期

4 林曉虹;王勤勤;;兒童說謊行為與執(zhí)行功能研究綜述[J];中小學(xué)心理健康教育;2012年24期

5 傅青青;;關(guān)于執(zhí)行功能與權(quán)力關(guān)系研究設(shè)想的綜述[J];科教導(dǎo)刊(上旬刊);2014年07期

6 田曉飛;;執(zhí)行功能的研究進展[J];青春歲月;2014年13期

7 莫文敏;;兒童執(zhí)行功能訓(xùn)練研究綜述[J];經(jīng)濟研究導(dǎo)刊;2012年30期

8 王恩國;劉昌;;初中二年級學(xué)習(xí)困難學(xué)生的中央執(zhí)行功能[J];中國心理衛(wèi)生雜志;2007年10期

9 王晶;陳英和;仲寧寧;;小學(xué)兒童執(zhí)行功能各成分的發(fā)展特點[J];中國臨床心理學(xué)雜志;2009年04期

10 莫文敏;;兒童執(zhí)行功能任務(wù)測量[J];經(jīng)濟研究導(dǎo)刊;2013年10期

相關(guān)會議論文 前10條

1 孫一_，

本文編號：1475470