【摘要】： 隨著社會(huì)的不斷進(jìn)步與發(fā)展,社會(huì)的物質(zhì)文明和精神文明不斷的提高,我國(guó)的殘疾人和特殊教育事業(yè)成為政府部門(mén)和社會(huì)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。特殊體育教育是特殊教育的重要組成部分,特殊體育教育的目標(biāo)是“掌握鍛煉身體的基本方法,具備較好的個(gè)人衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣和身體素質(zhì),健康水平得到不斷提高,初步掌握補(bǔ)償自身缺陷的基本鍛煉方法,身心缺陷得到一定程度的康復(fù)”。由此可見(jiàn),體育在特殊教育中的地位和作用舉足輕重。 本文運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、訪談法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、實(shí)地考察法對(duì)上海市的19所特殊教育學(xué)校的部分領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、教師和學(xué)生在體育教學(xué)、體育師資、課外體育活動(dòng)與訓(xùn)練、場(chǎng)地器材與經(jīng)費(fèi)等方面進(jìn)行調(diào)查與分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)上海市特殊學(xué)校體育教育近幾年來(lái)取得了一定的成績(jī):體育課教學(xué)有專(zhuān)門(mén)為特殊學(xué)生制定的大綱教材;體育教師年齡與學(xué)歷結(jié)構(gòu)基本合理;教師的科研能力較強(qiáng);早、課間操開(kāi)展情況良好;室外場(chǎng)地、器材基本能夠滿(mǎn)足體育課需求;課余體育訓(xùn)練成績(jī)較為顯著。取得成績(jī)的同時(shí)還存在一些不足,主要有:學(xué)生上體育課的目的不夠明確;目前還沒(méi)有一套統(tǒng)一有效的體育課程評(píng)價(jià)方法;體育課內(nèi)容缺少康復(fù)性體育項(xiàng)目;參照?qǐng)?zhí)行《中學(xué)生體育合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》實(shí)施情況不容樂(lè)觀;專(zhuān)業(yè)特教體育教師人數(shù)太少;高職稱(chēng)的體育教師缺乏;男、女教師比例不盡合理;課外體育活動(dòng)缺乏有效的組織和指導(dǎo);室內(nèi)體育場(chǎng)館缺乏。 針對(duì)上海市特殊學(xué)校體育現(xiàn)實(shí)中存在的問(wèn)題,提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策與建議:加大體育教學(xué)的管理、監(jiān)督力度;更新體育教學(xué)觀念,加強(qiáng)培養(yǎng)殘疾學(xué)生的體育意識(shí);加快體育教學(xué)改革,實(shí)施體育與健康課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn);豐富體育課教學(xué)形式與教學(xué)內(nèi)容,開(kāi)設(shè)健身性、娛樂(lè)性、康復(fù)性運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目;建立評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容多元、評(píng)價(jià)方法多樣的體育課教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)體系;改造、開(kāi)發(fā)現(xiàn)有運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的練習(xí)方法和手段,使之適應(yīng)特殊體育教學(xué)需要;加強(qiáng)在職體育教師的知識(shí)、能力培養(yǎng);師范、體育院校開(kāi)辟特殊體育新學(xué)科,培養(yǎng)特殊體育高素質(zhì)、高層次的專(zhuān)業(yè)人才;淡化競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,豐富課外體育活動(dòng)內(nèi)容;充分發(fā)揮各種人力資源,加強(qiáng)課外體育的組織指導(dǎo);結(jié)合普校開(kāi)展課余體育活動(dòng)與運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)賽,增進(jìn)特殊學(xué)生與社會(huì)的溝通;增加體育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入,改善體育場(chǎng)地器材,增加室內(nèi)場(chǎng)館建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress and development of the society, the material and spiritual civilization of the society has been continuously improved, the disabled and special education in our country have become a hot issue concerned by the government and the society. Special physical education is an important part of special education. The goal of special physical education is to "master the basic methods of physical exercise, have good personal hygiene habits and physical fitness, and improve the level of health." Master the basic exercise method to compensate oneself defect preliminarily, the body and mind defect obtains certain degree of rehabilitation. Thus, sports in special education in the position and role of pivotal. In this paper, some leaders of 19 special education schools in Shanghai, teachers and students in physical education teaching, physical education teachers, extracurricular sports activities and training, are used in literature, questionnaire, interview, mathematical statistics and field investigation. Through investigation and analysis of site equipment and funds, it is found that physical education in Shanghai special schools has made certain achievements in recent years: physical education teaching has a special syllabus for special students; Physical education teachers' age and educational background structure is basically reasonable; teachers' scientific research ability is strong; early, class exercises are carried out well; outdoor venues, equipment can basically meet the needs of physical education; extracurricular sports training results are more significant. At the same time, there are some shortcomings, such as: the purpose of physical education for students is not clear enough; there is not a set of unified and effective evaluation methods of physical education curriculum; the content of physical education is lack of rehabilitation sports; According to the implementation of the qualified standard of physical education for middle school students, the implementation situation is not optimistic; the number of specialized PE teachers is too small; the number of PE teachers with high professional titles is short; the proportion of male and female teachers is not reasonable; the extracurricular sports activities lack of effective organization and guidance; Lack of indoor stadiums and gymnasiums. In view of the problems existing in the reality of physical education in Shanghai special schools, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: to strengthen the management and supervision of physical education teaching, to renew the concept of physical education teaching, and to strengthen the cultivation of sports consciousness of students with disabilities; Speed up the reform of physical education, implement the curriculum standard of physical education and health, enrich the teaching form and content of physical education, set up fitness, recreational and rehabilitative sports, set up multiple evaluation contents, Various evaluation methods of physical education teaching evaluation system; reform and development of the existing sports exercise methods and means to adapt to the special sports teaching needs; strengthen the in-service physical education teachers' knowledge, ability training, teachers, teachers, Sports colleges and universities open up new disciplines of special sports, cultivate high quality and high level professionals of special sports, desalinate sports events, enrich extracurricular sports activities, give full play to all kinds of human resources, and strengthen the organization and guidance of extracurricular sports. In order to promote the communication between the special students and the society, to increase the investment of sports funds, to improve the equipment of sports venues and to increase the construction of indoor stadiums and gymnasiums.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G807.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

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本文編號(hào)：2204056