本文選題：高校教工　切入點：健康狀況　出處：《山東大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：研究背景：高校教職工是一個特殊群體,他們擁有較高的專業(yè)知識水準,他們的目的主要是教書育人,培養(yǎng)中國未來的高級知識人才；做科研推動科學的進步,更好的服務社會。無論是教書培養(yǎng)人才還是搞科研都要求他們要不斷的去學習,不斷的去創(chuàng)新,不斷的去鉆研,加上生活和社會的壓力使他們不得不努力的工作,這就會減少他們休息時間,減少他們的鍛煉時間,生活和飲食上變的不規(guī)律,長期如此就會導致各種疾病的發(fā)生,他們的健康問題不可小視,我們要關注他們的健康。 研究目的：利用棗莊市某高校教職工健康體檢資料,描述其多發(fā)病、常見病及異常生化指標,探討健康危險因素與常見病、多發(fā)病的關系,提出相關對策與建議,為開展有針對性的健康教育提供參考依據。 資料與方法：資料來源于2012年9-10月份在棗莊市市立醫(yī)院參加健康體檢的棗莊學院教職工的體檢報告。調查內容主要包括：教職工一般情況、健康危險因素、體格檢查資料、化驗檢查報告等。利用SPSS13.0軟件對資料進行統(tǒng)計學處理,主要采用χ2檢驗。 主要結果：(1)高血壓檢出率為16.5%,其中男性為21.8%,女性為9.7%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義；男女職工不同年齡段高血壓檢出率,30歲以下年齡段不同性別之間沒有差異,其余年齡段都有統(tǒng)計學意義。(2)血生化結果：血脂異常者檢出率為25.6%,其中男性為36.0%,女性為12.6%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義,年齡段比較60歲以上人群差異無統(tǒng)計學意義,其余組都有統(tǒng)計學意義。高血糖檢出率為10.6%,其中男性為12.4%,女性為8.6%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義,各年齡組比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。肝功能11項指標中,谷氨酰轉肽酶偏高者為130人,總膽紅素偏高者為124人。腎功能三項指標中,血尿酸偏高者為165人,尿素氮偏高者為30人,血肌酐偏高者為28人。(3)B超結果：脂肪肝檢出率為23.7%,男性為33.7%,女性為11.3%,差異有顯著性。男性前列腺增生122人,30以下年青人沒有發(fā)病,60歲以上老年人檢出率最高。(4)心電圖結果：總異常檢出率為17.6%,男性為16.5%,女性為18.9%,差異不顯著。(5)婦科檢查中宮頸炎、陰道炎的檢出率分別為23.8%和22.6%,發(fā)病年齡都以30-50歲年齡段為主。(6)不同性別檢出結果：在男女共患的常見疾病和異常指標中,陽性檢出率中除心電圖異常檢出率男女教工沒有顯著差別,其余陽性檢出率均為男教工高于女教工。(7)不同年齡檢出結果：隨著年齡的增長,疾病和異常指標的陽性檢出率在增加,并且所患疾病的種類在增加,高血壓、高血糖、男性前列腺增生及女教工高血脂隨著年齡的增長,檢出率一直在增加,60歲之后檢出率達到最高。(8)健康相關因素與疾病的關系：吸煙、飲酒及超重與肥胖已被認為是引起多種相關疾病的危險因素,本次研究顯示這三種因素與多種疾病有密切關系。 結論與建議：本次研究發(fā)現慢性疾病和高血脂等異常生化指標的檢出率較高,這些疾病和異常指標主要集中于血壓、血生化、B超、心電圖,“三高”(高血壓、高血脂、高血糖)現象非常明顯,特別是男性,檢出率普通高于全國的平均水平,男性老年人前列腺增生及女性婦科方面的疾病檢出率都較高。 高校教工存在較多健康問題,本研究提及的這些疾病和異常指標應重點監(jiān)測,定期進行復查,實現疾病的早期診斷與治療。同時學校相關部門應根據體檢報告,制定有針對性的健康教育方案與健康促進策略,提高教職工的健康保健意識,改善其身體健康。
[Abstract]:Background: college staff is a special group, they have high professional knowledge level, their main purpose is to teach, train China future advanced knowledge talents; to do scientific research to promote the progress of science, better serve the society. Both teaching and doing scientific research will require them to continue to learn and constantly to innovation, continue to study, life and social pressure and that they have to work hard, that they will have less time to rest, reduce their exercise time, life and diet become irregular, so long will lead to various diseases, not their health problems, we should pay attention to their health.
Objective: To study the use of staff of a university in Zaozhuang city health examination data, describe the prevalence of common diseases and abnormal biochemical indicators of the health risk factors and common disease, frequently occurring disease relationship, put forward related countermeasures and suggestions, to provide reference for health education.
Materials and methods: the physical examination report data sources in health examination in Zaozhuang municipal hospital in 2012 9-10 months of the Faculty of Zaozhuang University. The investigation includes: the staff of the general situation, the risk factors of health data, physical examination, laboratory examination reports. The data were analyzed statistically by SPSS13.0 software, mainly using the 2 test.
The main results: (1) the detection rate of hypertension was 16.5%, which was 21.8% for men and 9.7% for women, the difference was statistically significant; the detection rate of male and female workers of different ages of hypertension, there is no difference between the 30 age of different sex, the other age groups had statistical significance. (2) blood biochemical results: abnormal blood lipid the detection rate was 25.6%, which was 36% for men and 12.6% for women, the difference was statistically significant. No statistically significant difference in age between the population over 60 years old, the other groups were statistically significant. High blood glucose detection rate was 10.6%, male 12.4%, female 8.6%, the difference was statistically significant difference between the age. Group had no statistical significance. 11 indexes of liver function, r-glutamyltranspeptidase high 130, high total bilirubin was 124. Three indexes of renal function, high blood uric acid was 165, urea nitrogen high for 30 people, blood High creatinine for 28 people. (3) ultrasound results: the detection rate of fatty liver was 23.7%, male 33.7%, female 11.3%, there was significant difference. The male prostate hyperplasia 122 people, 30 young people do not have the disease, the elderly over the age of 60 the highest detection rate (4). Results: the total abnormal electrocardiogram the detection rate was 17.6%, male 16.5%, female 18.9%, the difference was not significant. (5) cervicitis gynecological examination, vaginitis detection rates were 23.8% and 22.6%, the age of onset is dominated by 30-50 years of age. (6) the detection results of different gender in common diseases and abnormal index in both men and women. In addition to the positive rate of abnormal ECG was no significant difference in rate of men and women teachers, remaining positive rates were higher than the male staff of female teachers. (7) the detection results of different age: with age, disease and abnormal index of positive rate increased, and the illness. The increase in species, hypertension, hyperglycemia, male prostate hyperplasia and female teachers hyperlipemia with age, the detection rate has been increased after the age of 60. The highest detection rate (8) the relationship between health and disease related factors: smoking, drinking and overweight and obesity has been thought to be caused by a variety of risk related diseases the factors, this study showed that the three factors have a close relationship with a variety of diseases.
Conclusion and suggestion: the study found that abnormal biochemical indexes of chronic disease and high blood cholesterol, high detection rate of these diseases and abnormal index mainly focus on blood pressure, blood biochemistry, B ultrasound, ECG, "three high" (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar) phenomenon is very obvious, especially the detection rate is higher than the average of ordinary men, the level of the country, the elderly male and female gynecological benign prostatic hyperplasia disease detection rate is higher.
The staff there are many health problems, these diseases and abnormal index of this study mentioned should focus on monitoring, periodic review, realize the early diagnosis and treatment of disease. At the same time, relevant departments of the school should be based on the examination report, develop a strategy to promote the plan for health education and health, improve the teachers' awareness of health care, improve the health.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R194.3;G647.82

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