本文選題：大學生　切入點：心理健康　出處：《山東大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：大學時代作為個體人生中重要的轉折階段,在平時的生活學習中會面對很多類型的應激事件,應對作為應激與個體適應的重要中介元素,受到了廣泛學者的關注,然而傳統(tǒng)的有關應對的研究大多停留在應對策略與心理健康的關系研究,近年來有關應對靈活性的研究引起了研究者廣泛的關注,不再僅僅局限于研究什么應對方式對身心健康有利,而同時考慮到了個體對情境可控性的認知評價是否靈活。此外作為社會認知的重要內(nèi)容—歸因,Fresco等認為應該重視個體在面對不同應激事件時歸因方式的變化程度—歸因靈活性,因此,我們試圖探討：1、應對靈活性與心理健康的關系2、歸因方式及靈活性(社會認知)與應對靈活性及心理健康的關系3、認知靈活性(一般認知)與歸因、應對靈活性及心理健康之間的關系。 研究一：大學生應對靈活性及歸因與心理健康的關系 研究方法：采用方便取樣,選取山東省某大學279名在讀大學生,運用抑郁自評量表(SDS)、焦慮自評量表(SAS)、正性負性情緒量表(PANAS)、樂觀量表(LOT-R)、應對靈活性問卷(CFQ)及歸因方式問卷(ASQ)對心理健康狀況、應對靈活性及歸因靈活性進行調(diào)查。通過獨立樣本t檢驗,比較男、女大學生在應對靈活性及歸因方式問卷各維度得分上的差異情況；通過Pearson相關分析及多元逐步回歸分析,分析應對靈活性與歸因方式及靈活性之間,以及三者與心理健康之間的關系。 研究結果：1、不同性別大學生在應對靈活性各維度得分上不存在顯著差異；在ASQ的正性事件普遍維度和負性事件的內(nèi)外維度上以及歸因靈活性得分上差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05),男生得分均高于女生 2、大學生應對靈活性與心理健康存有一定的相關性；歸因方式及其靈活性與應對靈活性及心理健康均相關。 研究二：大學生認知靈活性與心理健康的關系 研究方法：對從上述被試中隨機挑選的106名學生進行威斯康星卡片分類測驗及連線測驗。通過獨立樣本t檢驗,比較男、女大學生在認知靈活性各維度得分上的差異情況；通過Pearson相關分析分別考察認知靈活性與歸因、應對靈活性及心理健康之間的相關；通過多元逐步回歸分析,考察認知、歸因及應對靈活性與心理健康的關系。 研究結果：1、不同性別大學生威斯康星卡片分類測驗及連線測驗得分均不存在顯著差異。2、大學生認知靈活性與歸因方式及其靈活性相關。3、大學生認知靈活性與應對靈活性相關。4、大學生認知靈活性與心理健康水平相關。5、認知靈活性、歸因靈活性及應對靈活性共同影響大學生的抑郁水平。 結論： 1、大學生對事件可控性感知的靈活性及應對有效性主觀評估均與抑郁、焦慮及負性情緒呈顯著負相關；與正性情緒及樂觀度呈顯著正相關。 2、負性事件內(nèi)外維度及歸因靈活性對心理健康各指標回歸效應均顯著,歸因方式及其靈活性與應對靈活性各維度均相關。 3、認知靈活性與歸因方式及其靈活性、應對靈活性、心理健康均相關,認知靈活性、應對效果主觀評價及歸因靈活性共同作用于抑郁,擁有較高的情境策略匹配度及歸因靈活性的個體焦慮水平比較低,具有不良的歸因方式的個體擁有較高的負性情緒。
[Abstract]:As an important turning point in the life of the individual college, in the usual life will face many types of stressful events, coping with stress as an important intermediary elements in individual adjustment, has attracted wide attention of scholars, but the research on coping with the traditional mostly stay in the study on the relationship between coping strategies and mental health in recent years. Study on coping flexibility has attracted widespread attention, is no longer confined to the study of what coping style on the physical and mental health benefits, while considering the situation of individual cognitive controllability evaluation is flexible. In addition as an important content of social cognitive attribution, Fresco think we should pay attention to individual attribution change degree method the attribution of flexibility in the face of different events so we try to investigate: 1, relationship between coping flexibility and mental health 2, attribution The relationship between mode and flexibility (Social Cognition) and coping flexibility and mental health. 3, cognitive flexibility (general cognition) and attribution, coping flexibility and mental health.
Study 1: the relationship between College Students' coping flexibility and attribution and mental health
Methods: using convenience sampling from a university in Shandong province 279 undergraduate college students, using self rating Depression Scale (SDS), self rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), positive and negative affect scale (PANAS), optimism scale (LOT-R), Coping Questionnaire (CFQ) and attribution questionnaire the way (ASQ) on mental health, coping flexibility and attribution flexibility were investigated through independent sample t test, comparison of male, female college students in the attribution style questionnaire and coping flexibility difference scores on the situation; through Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis, the analysis between attribution style and coping flexibility and flexibility. And the relationship between the three party and mental health.
Results: 1, students of different gender have no significant differences in the scores of coping flexibility; in the internal and external dimension of positive events ASQ common dimensions and negative events and attribution flexibility score differences were statistically significant (P0.05), the scores of boys were higher than girls
2, college students have a certain correlation with flexibility and mental health, and the attribution style and its flexibility are related to coping flexibility and mental health.
Study two: the relationship between cognitive flexibility and mental health of College Students
Research methods: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and connection test subjects were randomly selected from the 106 students through independent sample t test, compared with male, female college students' differences in cognitive flexibility scores on cognitive flexibility; observation and attribution were admitted by the Pearson correlation analysis between mental health and coping flexibility correlation; multivariate stepwise regression analysis on cognition, attribution and coping flexibility and mental health.
Results: 1, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and attachment to the gender difference of College Students' test scores are not significantly different.2, cognitive flexibility and attribution style of college students and the flexibility of.3, students' cognitive flexibility and coping flexibility.4, students' cognitive flexibility and mental health level of.5, cognitive flexibility, attribution flexibility and coping flexibility influence college students the level of depression.
Conclusion:
1, college students' subjective evaluation of perceived controllability and coping effectiveness was negatively correlated with depression, anxiety and negative emotions, and positively correlated with positive emotion and optimism.
2, the internal and external dimensions of negative events and attributional flexibility have significant regression effects on all indicators of mental health. Attributional style and flexibility are related to all dimensions of coping flexibility.
3, cognitive flexibility and attribution and flexibility, coping flexibility, mental health were related to cognitive flexibility, subjective evaluation and attribution flexibility with the effect of interaction on depression, situational strategies have high, low level of anxiety and attribution flexibility, negative emotion has good attribution way the individual has more.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：B844.2

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