本文選題：高校學(xué)生　切入點：創(chuàng)業(yè)能力　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：創(chuàng)業(yè)是全社會的熱門話題之一,創(chuàng)業(yè)活動已成為當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要組成部分。經(jīng)濟全球化和知識經(jīng)濟時代的到來給創(chuàng)業(yè)提供了良好的外部環(huán)境,相關(guān)部門相繼頒布的創(chuàng)業(yè)教育政策給學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)提供了支持。隨著我國高校擴招,大學(xué)生就業(yè)難問題凸顯出來,十八大提出以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè),大學(xué)生自主創(chuàng)業(yè)成為新的就業(yè)方式。在校大學(xué)生是國家培養(yǎng)的高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新人才,是潛在的創(chuàng)業(yè)主力軍。如何培養(yǎng)出具有創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的創(chuàng)業(yè)者,已成為國家教育政策關(guān)注的重點之一和高校創(chuàng)業(yè)教育改革的重要內(nèi)容�；诖吮尘�,本研究將高校學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力以及培育支持系統(tǒng)作為本研究的主題。通過對以往文獻(xiàn)的回顧和分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)以往對創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的研究多集中在創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的理論分析上,包括探討創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的維度構(gòu)建、描述創(chuàng)業(yè)能力現(xiàn)狀及提升能力的宏觀對策建議等方面,關(guān)于創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的影響因素的定量研究較少。這與創(chuàng)業(yè)能力影響因素的復(fù)雜性有關(guān),看似有很多不可控制的因素,如學(xué)生背景、支持環(huán)境等,從而使得學(xué)校創(chuàng)業(yè)教育對學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力培育發(fā)揮作用的空間看似較小。這就帶來了關(guān)于學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的可教性、創(chuàng)業(yè)能力培養(yǎng)的可行性等一系列爭議。由此,政策提倡與一部分學(xué)者對于學(xué)校創(chuàng)業(yè)教育所發(fā)揮作用的懷疑形成了一對矛盾。本研究正是基于這種沖突思考所做的一項實證調(diào)查,試圖回答學(xué)生背景、高校培育系統(tǒng)、企業(yè)和政府支持系統(tǒng)對學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的影響。本研究通過問卷調(diào)查法搜集數(shù)據(jù),通過描述性統(tǒng)計方法分析上海高校學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力現(xiàn)狀和學(xué)生參與培育支持系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀;對不同背景學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力差異采用單因素方差分析或獨立樣本T檢驗;對培育支持系統(tǒng)與學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的關(guān)系采用相關(guān)和回歸分析,探究了創(chuàng)業(yè)能力及各維度能力的主要影響因素。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):第一,上海高校學(xué)生對其創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的主觀評價總體上處于中上水平,不同能力維度的表現(xiàn)水平具有差異性。第二,學(xué)生在培育支持系統(tǒng)上參與度的評價結(jié)果對其創(chuàng)業(yè)能力及能力各維度的表現(xiàn)水平產(chǎn)生的影響不同。第三,學(xué)生的背景變量對其創(chuàng)業(yè)能力表現(xiàn)的影響較復(fù)雜,一部分背景變量產(chǎn)生了顯著性影響。論文在一定程度上回答了關(guān)于學(xué)校創(chuàng)業(yè)教育對創(chuàng)業(yè)能力影響的質(zhì)疑,證實了學(xué)校創(chuàng)業(yè)教育對能力培育的有效性,為高校推進(jìn)創(chuàng)業(yè)教育和培育支持系統(tǒng)建設(shè)提供了一定的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is one of the hot topics in the whole society, entrepreneurial activity has become an important part of the world economic development.Economic globalization and the arrival of knowledge economy times provide a good external environment for entrepreneurship, the related departments have promulgated entrepreneurship education policies to provide support for students to start their own businesses.With the expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities in China, the problem of employment difficulties for college students has been highlighted. The 18th National Congress of the CPC proposed that entrepreneurship should be used as a new way of employment for college students to start their own businesses.College students are high-quality innovative talents trained by the country, and potential entrepreneurs.How to cultivate entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial ability has become one of the focus of national education policy and an important content of entrepreneurship education reform in colleges and universities.Based on this background, this study focuses on the entrepreneurship ability and support system of college students.Through the review and analysis of the previous literatures, it is found that the previous researches on entrepreneurial ability are mostly focused on the theoretical analysis of entrepreneurial ability, including exploring the dimensional construction of entrepreneurial ability.There are few quantitative studies on the influencing factors of entrepreneurial ability in such aspects as describing the current situation of entrepreneurial ability and improving the ability of macro countermeasures.This is related to the complexity of the influencing factors of entrepreneurial ability. It seems that there are many uncontrollable factors, such as student background, supporting environment and so on, which makes the space for school entrepreneurship education to play a small role in the cultivation of students' entrepreneurial ability.This has brought about a series of controversies about the teachability of students' entrepreneurial ability and the feasibility of cultivating their entrepreneurial ability.As a result, policy advocacy and some scholars' doubts about the role of school entrepreneurship education form a pair of contradictions.This study is based on this kind of conflict thinking of an empirical survey, trying to answer the impact of students' background, university cultivation system, enterprise and government support system on students' entrepreneurial ability.This study collected data by questionnaire, analyzed the current situation of students' entrepreneurial ability and the current situation of students' participation in cultivating and supporting system by descriptive statistical method in Shanghai.Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) or independent sample T test was used to analyze the difference of entrepreneurial ability of students from different backgrounds, and correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between cultivating support system and students' entrepreneurial ability.It explores the main influencing factors of entrepreneurial ability and each dimension ability.The results show that: first, the subjective evaluation of the entrepreneurial ability of Shanghai college students is generally at the middle and upper level, and the performance level of different ability dimensions is different.Second, the evaluation results of students' participation in fostering support system have different effects on their entrepreneurial ability and performance level of each dimension.Thirdly, the influence of students' background variables on their entrepreneurial performance is complex, and some of the background variables have a significant impact.To a certain extent, the thesis answers the question about the influence of school entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial ability, confirms the effectiveness of school entrepreneurship education on ability cultivation, and provides a certain basis for promoting entrepreneurship education and fostering supporting system construction in colleges and universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G647.38

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