本文選題：大學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：寬容　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大學(xué)教育作為傳播知識(shí),培養(yǎng)人才的縱向高等教育,自歷史以來(lái)都為人所重視和敬仰。尤其在當(dāng)今知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代,大學(xué)教育不管是作為新時(shí)代青年人實(shí)現(xiàn)完滿人的重要精神平臺(tái),還是作為青年人成長(zhǎng)為“職業(yè)人”的助推平臺(tái),大學(xué)教育的作用和功能已經(jīng)為人們普遍認(rèn)同和接受。但是,隨著整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的過(guò)度重視,對(duì)物質(zhì)利益的極度追求,也導(dǎo)致了當(dāng)前大學(xué)教育中寬容精神和理念異化的問(wèn)題。寬容是建立在對(duì)人與世界的多樣性、真理的相對(duì)性、認(rèn)識(shí)真理的能力的有限性以及人性的復(fù)雜性、矛盾性的理性自覺(jué)基礎(chǔ)上的達(dá)觀明智的生活態(tài)度、行為方式和人生觀。它融入了對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)人生、對(duì)世界和對(duì)人性的深刻思考,內(nèi)蘊(yùn)著豐富深刻的精神內(nèi)涵�？墒菍徱暜�(dāng)代大學(xué)教育的具體實(shí)踐活動(dòng),不難發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)教育由于寬容尺度過(guò)寬而表現(xiàn)出的“放縱”、過(guò)嚴(yán)表現(xiàn)出的“壓制”。如何改變這種現(xiàn)象,使大學(xué)教育一展才華、呈現(xiàn)特色與生機(jī),是一個(gè)值得省思的問(wèn)題。鑒于大學(xué)教育所承擔(dān)的時(shí)代使命和歷史責(zé)任,在社會(huì)問(wèn)題復(fù)雜多樣、層出不窮、大學(xué)教育中寬容尺度失當(dāng)?shù)奶幘诚?強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)代大學(xué)教育中寬容尺度的張弛有度不僅不會(huì)顯得多余,反而越顯重要和必要。教育所要培養(yǎng)的人不是抽象的人,不是無(wú)價(jià)值內(nèi)涵的人,人的具體性、生動(dòng)性、獨(dú)特性、不可重復(fù)性決定了教育對(duì)象的豐富性、多樣性、差異性、矛盾性、復(fù)雜性和生成的無(wú)限可能性,因而,面對(duì)一個(gè)個(gè)鮮活的生命,大學(xué)教育應(yīng)給所有的教育活動(dòng)主體們創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)寬容、寬松的發(fā)展空間,引導(dǎo)他們?nèi)コ浞值卣J(rèn)識(shí)自我,張揚(yáng)個(gè)性,完善人格,追求意義,提升精神,形成自己獨(dú)特的生命風(fēng)格,實(shí)現(xiàn)自己特有的生命價(jià)值,展現(xiàn)自己與眾不同的人性光輝,書寫自己獨(dú)一無(wú)二的生命華章。鑒于此,我選擇了“論大學(xué)教育中的寬容尺度”這一話題進(jìn)行研究。論文包括四部分:本文嘗試通過(guò)“解讀---審視---生成---棲居”四步對(duì)其進(jìn)行表征、歸因,并試圖提出相應(yīng)對(duì)策與建議,試圖使大學(xué)教育中的教育活動(dòng)彰顯寬容的精神及價(jià)值理念。第一章解讀了寬容精神及價(jià)值理念對(duì)于大學(xué)的重要性即寬容之于大學(xué)教育何以必須。首先,從寬容的教育理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行探討,認(rèn)為寬容在大學(xué)教育活動(dòng)的具體實(shí)踐中具有深厚的理論基礎(chǔ)。其次,從寬容的教育價(jià)值內(nèi)涵出發(fā),探尋寬容精神及價(jià)值理念對(duì)于大學(xué)教育活動(dòng)的作用。再次,從寬容的教育前提性分析大學(xué)教育活動(dòng)中寬容的必要性,最后,基于以上三點(diǎn)寬容之于大學(xué)教育實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的必要性引出大學(xué)教育中的寬容需要尺度這一論點(diǎn)。第二章從學(xué)術(shù)尺度、思想尺度、交往尺度審視了當(dāng)代中國(guó)大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)域中寬容尺度失當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)實(shí)表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)教育活動(dòng)中存在學(xué)術(shù)異化、學(xué)術(shù)失信;思想規(guī)訓(xùn)、思想自由過(guò)度化;交往功利化、交往虛假化等基于寬容尺度把握失當(dāng)而造成的違背寬容精神及價(jià)值理念的現(xiàn)象。第三章通過(guò)“外顯---內(nèi)生---自省”的邏輯思維方式探索出大學(xué)教育實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中寬容尺度把握失當(dāng)?shù)脑?首先,寬容尺度把握失當(dāng)是由現(xiàn)實(shí)催生的,這是大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)中寬容尺度失當(dāng)?shù)闹黧w制約;其次,大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)中寬容尺度失當(dāng)是由歷史慣性加劇的,這是其尺度失當(dāng)?shù)目腕w制約;再次,大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)中寬容尺度失當(dāng)是由教育者主體們對(duì)寬容精神與價(jià)值理念認(rèn)識(shí)偏差造成的,這是促發(fā)其尺度失當(dāng)?shù)谋倔w制約。通過(guò)對(duì)大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)中寬容尺度失當(dāng)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行“解讀---審視---生成”的邏輯分析,第四章提出了棲居:走向?qū)嵺`形態(tài)的大學(xué)教育寬容尺度及其實(shí)現(xiàn)。具體分為三個(gè)部分:第一,從教育寬容尺度的把握應(yīng)秉持尊重態(tài)度;教育寬容尺度的把握應(yīng)遵循理解原則;教育寬容尺度的把握應(yīng)執(zhí)守理性與責(zé)任三個(gè)層面提出大學(xué)教育場(chǎng)域中寬容尺度把握的價(jià)值取向。第二,分別從“客體尺度---規(guī)范性尺度”、“主體性尺度---發(fā)展性尺度”提出走向?qū)嵺`形態(tài)的大學(xué)教育寬容尺度。最后,提出大學(xué)教育走向?qū)捜莸膶?shí)踐構(gòu)想:首先要從學(xué)術(shù)之維、思想之維、交往之維樹(shù)立寬容價(jià)值理念;然后,寬容尺度把握的具體實(shí)踐要培養(yǎng)學(xué)術(shù)寬容的氣質(zhì)、營(yíng)造自由和諧的寬容氛圍、構(gòu)建平等寬容的師生關(guān)系、構(gòu)建寬松靈動(dòng)的師生對(duì)話。
[Abstract]:The university education is the dissemination of knowledge, longitudinal higher education, its history, are recognized and respected. Especially in the era of knowledge economy, university education whether it is as a new era of young people realized the important spirit of people or as a platform, the growth of young people as the "occupation" to boost the platform, and the function of university education has been widely recognized and accepted. However, with the whole society pays too much attention to economic growth, excessive pursuit of material interests, but also led to the current university education in the spirit of tolerance and the concept of alienation. Tolerance is based on the diversity of people and the world, the relativity of truth. Understand the truth of the limitation of ability and the complexity of human nature, rational consciousness based on the contradiction of the intelligent and wise life attitude, behavior and values of life. It is integrated into the society of people To the world, and the profound reflection of human nature, contains rich and profound spiritual connotation. But the practice of examining the contemporary university education, university education is not difficult to find due to the tolerance scale too broad and exhibit "indulgence", too strict exhibit "repression". How to change this phenomenon, make the University show their talent education, and presents the characteristics of life, it is a reflection of the problem. Since the university education undertakes the mission of the times and historical responsibility, in the complicated social problems emerge in an endless stream, university education, tolerance scale improper situation, emphasizing the contemporary university education in tolerance scale the degree of relaxation is not redundant. It is important and necessary to cultivate people. Education is not abstract, not the value connotation of the people, the specific, vivid, unique, unrepeatable determines the object of education is rich Nature, diversity, difference, contradiction, infinite possibility, complexity and formation and thus face a fresh life, university education should be given to all the subjects of the education they create a tolerant, generous space for development, and guide them to fully realize self individuality, perfect personality, the pursuit of meaning. Enhance the spirit, form their own unique life style, to achieve their own value of life, show myself out of the ordinary humanity, the one and only write their own life. In view of this, I choose "on college education in tolerance scale on the topic of research. This paper consists of four parts: This paper attempts to interpret" - look - generation - dwelling "four step characterized attribution, and tries to put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, spirit and value idea of trying to make university education in the educational activities. The content of Zhang Xiankuan A chapter of interpretation of the spirit of tolerance and values for the importance of university education in university that tolerance must be. First, carries on the discussion from the education theory of tolerance, that has a profound theoretical basis practice tolerance in university education activities. Secondly, education value of lenient content, to explore the role of the spirit of tolerance and the value concept for university education activities. Thirdly, from the premise of the tolerance analysis of tolerance education the necessity of university education activities, finally, more than three points of tolerance in university education practice to lead university education in the need of this argument based on tolerance scale. In the second chapter, from the academic thought of scale, scale. Look at the reality of contemporary communication scale characterization of China University in the field of education, tolerance scale misconduct, found academic alienation, university education activities in academic dishonesty; ideological. Excessive training, freedom of thought; communication utility, communication of false tolerance caused by the improper grasp the scale based on the spirit of tolerance and values against the phenomenon. The third chapter through the "explicit - endogenous -- Introspection" logical thinking of university education practice tolerance grasp the scale of improper reasons: first of all, tolerance scale can't grasp it is real birth, this is the main body of the university education in the field of tolerance scale and improper restriction; secondly, university education in the field of tolerance scale misconduct is exacerbated by the historical inertia, this is the guest system about improper scale; thirdly, university education in the field of tolerance scale by students who is improper the spirit of tolerance and understanding the concept of value deviation, which is promoting the scale and improper constraints. Through the interpretation of "body - Review on university education in the field of production - tolerance scale improper phenomenon" The logic analysis, the fourth chapter puts forward the dwelling: towards practice form tolerance scale of university education and its implementation. It is divided into three parts: first, from education to grasp the scale of tolerance should uphold the attitude of respect; tolerance in education to grasp the scale should follow the principle of understanding education; tolerance to grasp the scale should keep the three aspects of rationality the value orientation of university education and responsibility in the field of tolerance to grasp the scale. Second, respectively from the "object - scale standard scale", "subjectivity scale - scale development" put forward to the practical form of university education tolerance scale. Finally, put forward the idea of university education to practice tolerance: first of all from the academic dimension of thought, establish communication dimension tolerance values; then, the practice of tolerance to grasp the scale of training academic tolerance temperament, create a free and harmonious atmosphere of tolerance, the construction of equal width Allow the relationship between teachers and students to build a relaxed and active dialogue between teachers and students.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G640

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