本文選題：障礙兒童 + 兒歌　； 參考：《魯東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：特殊教育是我國基礎(chǔ)教育的重要組成部分之一，特殊兒童受教育的水平直接影響基礎(chǔ)教育的整體水平，并決定了特殊兒童在社會中的生存與發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)。關(guān)于盲、聾兒童的特殊教育至今已有一百多年的歷史，但是對于智力障礙兒童的教育興起較晚，始自于1979年。 識字教學(xué)是智障兒童語文教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容，學(xué)會識字是學(xué)習(xí)語文的開端，是智力障礙兒童學(xué)習(xí)其他學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)，同時，也是智力障礙兒童融入社會生活的必備條件之一。當(dāng)前的培智學(xué)校語文識字教學(xué)中，主要采用集中識字、分散識字、字形故事識字、拼音打字識字等教學(xué)方法，很難激起學(xué)生的識字興趣，識字效率比較低。激發(fā)智力障礙兒童的識字興趣，讓智力障礙兒童感受到識字的樂趣，在低年級識字教學(xué)中顯得尤為重要，是擺在培智學(xué)校語文教師面前的一個難題，也是智障兒童教育的一項重要且困難的任務(wù)。尋求適合智力障礙兒童的識字方法，提高識字教學(xué)效率，是特培智學(xué)校語文教師不斷探求的目標(biāo)。由于輕度智力障礙兒童存在某些生理缺陷，使得其思維長期處于具體形象階段，輕度智力障礙兒童在學(xué)習(xí)漢字時存在一定的困難。兒歌是深受孩子們喜聞樂見的一種體裁，語言生動簡潔，內(nèi)容通俗易懂，音韻和諧，節(jié)奏感強(qiáng)，讀起來瑯瑯上口，符合學(xué)生的身心特征及識字特點(diǎn)，更易于智力障礙學(xué)生建立識字自信。教師可以把健康向上易學(xué)易唱的兒歌引入智障兒童識字教學(xué)中，使兒歌與所識漢字相契合，讓學(xué)生通過讀讀、背背、編編兒歌，激發(fā)識字的興趣，又能使整個課堂更富有兒童情趣，這也是對智力障礙兒童識字教學(xué)的一種新探索和嘗試。 本研究通過在山東省淄博市某培智學(xué)校進(jìn)行了參與觀察和訪談，發(fā)現(xiàn)在該培智學(xué)校中，語文教師�？嘤跊]有教學(xué)資源的支持，也沒有適當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)方法指導(dǎo)，在教學(xué)中不得不"摸著石頭過河"�；诖�，筆者向該校教師介紹了兒歌識字的教學(xué)方法，并與語文組教師共同進(jìn)行研討，分析兒歌運(yùn)用于智力障礙學(xué)生識字教學(xué)的可行性及其模式。在此基礎(chǔ)上，，筆者選擇低年級培智1班，選擇教學(xué)內(nèi)容，進(jìn)行了20課時的識字教學(xué)實(shí)踐。本文主要從兒歌在智障兒童識字教學(xué)中的意義、利用兒歌對智障兒童進(jìn)行識字教學(xué)的原則、智障兒童兒歌識字教學(xué)的實(shí)施三個方面來探討兒歌與智力障礙兒童識字教學(xué)。
[Abstract]:Special education is one of the important components of basic education in China. The level of special children's education directly affects the overall level of basic education and determines the survival and development of special children in society. The special education of blind and deaf children has a history of more than one hundred years, but the education of children with mental retardation started late in 1979. Literacy teaching is an important content of Chinese teaching for children with intellectual disabilities. Learning to read is the beginning of learning Chinese, the basis of learning other subjects for children with intellectual disabilities, and it is also one of the necessary conditions for children with intellectual disabilities to integrate into social life. In the present teaching of Chinese literacy in the school of intellectual education, it is difficult to arouse the students' interest in literacy and the efficiency of literacy is relatively low by using the teaching methods such as centralized literacy, scattered literacy, character story literacy, Pinyin typing and other teaching methods. Arousing the interest of children with mental retardation in literacy and making them feel the pleasure of literacy is particularly important in the teaching of literacy in the lower grades, and is a difficult problem for Chinese teachers in the school of mental retardation. It is also an important and difficult task for children with intellectual disabilities. It is a goal for Chinese teachers to seek suitable literacy methods for children with mental retardation and to improve the efficiency of literacy teaching. Due to some physiological defects in children with mild mental retardation, their thinking is in the concrete image stage for a long time, and the children with mild mental retardation have some difficulties in learning Chinese characters. Children's songs are a kind of genre loved by children. They have vivid and concise language, easy to understand, harmonious in tone, strong sense of rhythm, catchy reading, and accord with students' physical and mental characteristics and literacy characteristics. It is easier for students with mental retardation to build self-confidence in literacy. Can teachers improve their health? The easy-to-sing children's songs are introduced into the literacy teaching of children with intellectual disabilities, so that the children's songs fit with the Chinese characters they know, so that students can read, memorize, compile children's songs, stimulate their interest in literacy, and make the whole classroom more interesting for children. This is also a new exploration and attempt of literacy teaching for children with mental retardation. Through the observation and interview in a school of Peizhi in Zibo City, Shandong Province, the author finds that Chinese teachers often suffer from the lack of support from teaching resources and lack of proper teaching methods. In the teaching had to "touch the stones across the river." Based on this, the author introduces the teaching method of children's song literacy to the teachers of this school, and discusses it with the teachers of Chinese group, and analyzes the feasibility and mode of applying children's songs to the teaching of students with intellectual disabilities. On the basis of this, the author chooses the lower grade class 1, chooses the teaching content, carries on the 20 class literacy teaching practice. This paper mainly discusses the significance of children's songs in the teaching of children with intellectual disabilities, the principles of using children's songs to teach children with intellectual disabilities, and the implementation of the teaching of children's songs of children with intellectual disabilities in order to explore the teaching of children's songs and children with intellectual disabilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G764

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