本文選題：家庭生活質(zhì)量　切入點：智障兒童　出處：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)家庭系統(tǒng)理論的觀點,智障兒童的缺陷必然會對其家人的生活產(chǎn)生影響,并進(jìn)而影響到其家庭生活質(zhì)量,而其家庭生活的狀況又會反作用于智障兒童的康復(fù)成長,因此關(guān)注智障兒童的家庭生活質(zhì)量狀況已經(jīng)成為一種主流趨勢。本研究在參考其他研究的基礎(chǔ)上,按照問卷編制的一般程序,以785名智障兒童家長為調(diào)查對象,編制了《智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量》問卷,同時采用該問卷對353名重慶地區(qū)智障兒童家長進(jìn)行調(diào)查,并對15名重慶地區(qū)智障兒童家長進(jìn)行深入訪談,從而呈現(xiàn)重慶地區(qū)智障兒童家庭的生活狀況。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了重慶地區(qū)智障兒童家庭在家庭生活質(zhì)量各方面的狀況存在一定的差異及特征,同時家庭生活質(zhì)量及其各方面情況在相關(guān)人口學(xué)背景變量上存在顯著差異,為重慶地區(qū)智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量的提升提供了一定的依據(jù)。本研究得出如下結(jié)論:自編智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量問卷包括八個維度,身心健康、家人關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、他人支持、專業(yè)支持、職業(yè)生涯發(fā)展、休閑活動、親子養(yǎng)育。各維度內(nèi)部一致性系數(shù)在0.80-0.91之間,整個問卷的內(nèi)部一致性系數(shù)達(dá)到0.93,間隔三周后重測,整個問卷的重測信度為0.92,各維度的內(nèi)部重測信度系數(shù)在0.76-0.90,表明問卷具有較好的內(nèi)部一致性信度。驗證性因素分析表明八個維度的模型擬合良好(?2/df=2.08,RMSEA=0.06,GFI=0.85,CFI=0.92,TLI=0.91,IFI=0.92),表明問卷具有較好的效度。智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀:(1)智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量各維度中,“家人交往”水平較高,“職業(yè)生涯發(fā)展”和“經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況”水平相對較低,“專業(yè)支持”、“他人支持”、“休閑活動”水平最低。(2)智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量及其維度在家庭住址、孩子障礙程度、就讀學(xué)校、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、孩子性別、孩子年齡、家長性別、家長年齡、家長身份上存在一定的顯著差異。(3)智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量及其維度在孩子是否獨生上不存在顯著差異。(4)在家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件方面,多數(shù)智障兒童家人表現(xiàn)出一定的矛盾,一方面對家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的要求并不高,只要能夠維持基本的家庭開支即可,另一方面希望家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件足夠優(yōu)越,能夠支撐孩子未來一生的生活。(5)在時間與精力的平衡上,多數(shù)智障兒童家人能夠完成家務(wù),以及維持好夫妻關(guān)系,但對家人自身需求的滿足則不夠,同時會有選擇性的平衡對其他子女教育的時間和精力。(6)在可獲取支持性資源上,多數(shù)智障兒童家人對政府財政支持感到不滿意,希望專業(yè)康復(fù)支持水平能夠更加專業(yè)化,希望周圍的他人能夠更加接納自己的孩子和家庭。根據(jù)研究結(jié)果,研究者為智障兒童家庭、特殊教育從業(yè)人員及相關(guān)教育部門、殘障群體政策制定及實施職能部門提供了提升智障兒童家庭生活質(zhì)量的建議,并指出了研究存在的不足和今后研究發(fā)展的方向。
[Abstract]:According to family system theory, the defects of children with intellectual disabilities will inevitably have an impact on the lives of their families and, in turn, on the quality of their family life, and the conditions of their family life will counteract the rehabilitation and growth of children with intellectual disabilities.Therefore, it has become a mainstream trend to pay attention to the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities.On the basis of reference to other studies and according to the general procedure of the questionnaire, this study took 785 parents of children with intellectual disabilities as the objects of investigation, and compiled the questionnaire of Family quality of Life of Children with Mental retardation.At the same time, 353 parents of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing were investigated by the questionnaire, and 15 parents of children with mental disabilities in Chongqing were interviewed in depth, so as to present the living conditions of the families of children with mental disabilities in Chongqing.The study found that there are some differences and characteristics in all aspects of family quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing area. Meanwhile, the quality of family life and its various aspects have significant differences in the relevant demographic background variables.It provides a basis for improving the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing area.The conclusions are as follows: the questionnaire includes eight dimensions, physical and mental health, family relationship, economic status, other support, professional support, career development, leisure activities, parent-child rearing.The internal consistency coefficient of each dimension ranged from 0.80-0.91, and the internal consistency coefficient of the whole questionnaire reached 0.93.The test-retest reliability of the whole questionnaire is 0.92, and the internal test-retest reliability coefficient of each dimension is 0.76-0.90, which indicates that the questionnaire has good internal consistency reliability.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model of eight dimensions was fitted well with 2 / 2. 08% RMSEAA 0.06% GFI 0. 85% CFI 0. 92 ~ 0. 91TLI ~ (0.92), indicating that the questionnaire had a good validity.Among the dimensions of family quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities, the level of "family interaction" is higher, the level of "professional career development" and "economic status" is relatively low, "professional support" and "support of others" are relatively low.The level of "leisure activities" is the lowest. (2) the quality of family life and its dimensions of children with intellectual disabilities are at home address, degree of child disability, school attendance, family structure, child sex, child age, parent sex, parent age, parent age, and family age.There is a significant difference in parents' status. (3) there is no significant difference in the quality of family life and its dimensions between children with mental disabilities and whether they are only children. 4) in terms of family economic conditions, most of the family members of children with intellectual disabilities show certain contradictions.On the one hand, the demand for family economic conditions is not high, as long as the basic household expenses can be maintained, on the other hand, it is hoped that the family economic conditions will be good enough to support the children's life in the future) in the balance of time and energy.Most families of mentally handicapped children are able to do housework and maintain good marital relationships, but not enough to meet their family's own needs, while selectively balancing the time and energy for the other children's education) in terms of access to supportive resources,Most families of children with intellectual disabilities are dissatisfied with the financial support from the government and hope that the level of professional rehabilitation support will become more professional and that others around them will be more receptive to their children and families.According to the results of the study, the researchers provided suggestions for improving the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities, including families with intellectual disabilities, special education professionals and related education departments, and the functional departments of policy formulation and implementation of disability groups.It also points out the deficiency of the research and the development direction of the research in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.5;G764

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