本文選題：健身操課程　切入點(diǎn)：贛州市老年大學(xué)學(xué)員　出處：《江西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近三十年來(lái)，由于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)生活水平的不斷提高，全球人口的壽命普遍延長(zhǎng)。自從我國(guó)進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)，，老年人人口比率迅速增長(zhǎng)，已達(dá)到我國(guó)總?cè)丝跀?shù)的25%，而這一趨勢(shì)還將在未來(lái)的幾十年間持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。因此，老年群體的生理、心理健康以及生活的方方面面都越來(lái)越受到全球?qū)＜覍W(xué)者的關(guān)注，一直是研究探討的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。 本論文主要是采用《老年人心理狀態(tài)量表》、癥狀自評(píng)量表SCL一90對(duì)贛州市170名老人的心理狀況進(jìn)行2次調(diào)查研究，包括贛州市老年大學(xué)健身操班學(xué)員、楷書(shū)班學(xué)員以及社區(qū)普通老年人，目的是通過(guò)對(duì)參加了一學(xué)期贛州市老年大學(xué)健身操課程的健身操班學(xué)員的心理健康因素的調(diào)查研究，來(lái)了解老年人的心理健康現(xiàn)狀，以及老年大學(xué)健身操課程對(duì)老年人心理健康所產(chǎn)生的重要影響。并將健身操班學(xué)員的心理狀態(tài)、SCL一90各項(xiàng)得分與楷書(shū)班學(xué)員、社區(qū)普通老年人進(jìn)行對(duì)比，調(diào)查結(jié)果如下： 1.健身操班的學(xué)員經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)學(xué)期的系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，其自尊自信、協(xié)調(diào)與應(yīng)對(duì)和幸福滿足感三個(gè)維度的分值有很大提高，并且心理狀態(tài)存在非常顯著性差異（p＜0.01），與楷書(shū)班、社區(qū)普通老年人心理狀態(tài)各維度比較存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。 2.健身操班的學(xué)員經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)學(xué)期的系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，健身操班學(xué)員的學(xué)期末SCL-90的各項(xiàng)因子得分與開(kāi)學(xué)初相比存在非常顯著性差異（p＜0.01），健身操班學(xué)員的學(xué)期末SCL-90的各項(xiàng)因子得分均低于楷書(shū)班學(xué)員和社區(qū)普通老年人，健身操班學(xué)員SCL-90結(jié)果與楷書(shū)班學(xué)員的SCL-90中強(qiáng)迫癥、人際關(guān)系、抑郁因子及總分存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。健身操班學(xué)期末SCL-90結(jié)果與社區(qū)普通老年人除其他因子分差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義外，其余因子分存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。 3.以贛州市老年大學(xué)健身操班學(xué)員的基本信息作為自變量，老年人心理狀態(tài)各維度得分以及全量表得分作為因變量，進(jìn)行多元方差分析。結(jié)果顯示學(xué)員的基本信息對(duì)量表總得分的交互作用和主效應(yīng)不存在顯著性差異，而學(xué)歷對(duì)幸福滿足感維度得分有影響，存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。 4.以贛州市老年大學(xué)健身操班學(xué)員的基本信息作為自變量，老年人SCL-90各因子得分以及全量表總分作為因變量，進(jìn)行多元方差分析，結(jié)果顯示學(xué)員的基本信息對(duì)量表總得分的交互作用和主效應(yīng)不存在顯著性差異。而性別對(duì)強(qiáng)迫癥因子得分、職業(yè)對(duì)人際關(guān)系因子得分以及和睦程度對(duì)焦慮因子得分的主效應(yīng)顯著，都存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。 5.以健身操班學(xué)員學(xué)期末心理狀態(tài)總分為因變量，以SCL-90中的10個(gè)因子作為自變量，進(jìn)行多元逐步回歸分析。結(jié)果表明有7個(gè)維度對(duì)心理狀態(tài)總分有影響，且存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05），這7個(gè)維度分別是：抑郁、強(qiáng)迫癥狀、恐怖、焦慮、人際關(guān)系敏感、軀體化、偏執(zhí)。以健身操班學(xué)員學(xué)期末SCL-90總分為因變量，以《老年人心理狀態(tài)量表》中的自尊自信、協(xié)調(diào)與應(yīng)對(duì)、幸福滿足感三個(gè)維度為自變量，進(jìn)行多元逐步回歸分析。結(jié)果表明這三個(gè)維度對(duì)SCL-90總分有影響，且存在顯著性差異（p＜0.05）。 以上結(jié)果啟示，在改善老年人晚年生活質(zhì)量過(guò)程中，要積極鼓勵(lì)老年人參與到相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的老年人健身操課程中，培養(yǎng)他們樂(lè)觀的生活態(tài)度，提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量，讓每個(gè)老年人都過(guò)上一個(gè)幸福安康的晚年生活。
[Abstract]:In the past thirty years, due to the level of social and economic life continues to improve, the global population extended the life expectancy. Since China has entered the aging society, the elderly population is growing rapidly, China's total population has reached 25%, and this trend will continue to grow in the next few decades. Therefore, the physiological age community, mental health and all aspects of life in the world have paid more attention of the experts and scholars, has been a hot issue in the study.
This paper mainly adopts the "mental state of elderly people > scale, symptom checklist SCL 90 of 170 elderly people in Ganzhou city mental health 2 survey research, including the Ganzhou elderly university aerobics class, students and community common script to the elderly, through the investigation and Study on mental health the factors in a semester of Ganzhou elderly University Aerobics Course of aerobics class, to understand the mental health status of the elderly, and the influence of the old university aerobics course of mental health of the elderly. And the aerobics class of the psychological state of students, the scores of SCL 90 and regular class students, community common old people were compared, results of the survey are as follows:
1. aerobics class after a semester of study, their self-esteem, coping and coordination and the three dimensions of happiness satisfaction score is greatly improved, and there was significant difference in mental status (P < 0.01), and regular classes, the dimension of the psychological state of elderly community was significant the difference (P < 0.05).
2. aerobics class after a semester of study, aerobics class at the end of the semester and each factor score of SCL-90 compared to early school there was a significant difference (P < 0.01), aerobics class at the end of the term of the factor scores of SCL-90 were lower than those of regular class students and ordinary community elderly people OCD, aerobics class students of SCL-90 class SCL-90 and the script in the interpersonal relationship, there is a significant difference between the depression factor score and total score (P < 0.05). Aerobics class at the end of the term SCL-90 results and community elderly among other factors the difference was statistically significant, the remaining factors have significant difference (P < 0.05).
3. basic information on the Ganzhou elderly university aerobics class as independent variables, the mental state of elderly people and the total score of each dimension score as the dependent variable, multivariate variance analysis. Results show that the interaction of students basic information on the total scale score and main effect does not exist significant differences, and the degree of happiness satisfaction scores have influence, there are significant differences (P < 0.05).
4. basic information on the Ganzhou elderly university aerobics class as independent variables, the elderly SCL-90 factors scores and the total scores as the dependent variable, multivariate variance analysis, results show that the interaction of students basic information on the total scale score and main effect. There are no significant differences of gender scores on obsessive-compulsive disorder significant main effects of occupation factor, interpersonal factor score and the harmonious degree of anxiety factor scores, there were significant differences (P < 0.05).
5. at the end of the semester students mental status scores as dependent variables in aerobics, with 10 factors in SCL-90 as independent variables, multivariate stepwise regression analysis. The results show that there are 7 dimensions have influence on the psychological state of the total score, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05), the 7 dimensions respectively: depression, horror, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, somatization, paranoid. To the aerobics class at the end of the semester students SCL-90 scores as dependent variables, psychological status of the elderly with < > in the scale of self-esteem, coordination and coping, happiness satisfaction in three dimensions as independent variables, multivariate stepwise regression analysis. The results show that these three dimensions have influence on the total score of SCL-90, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.05).
The above results in the enlightenment, improve the elderly quality of life in the process, to actively encourage the elderly to participate in the relevant system of the elderly aerobics course, develop their optimistic attitude towards life, improve the quality of life of the elderly, the elderly have let each live a happy and healthy life.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G831.3;G777

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