本文選題：湘西地區(qū)　切入點：雙語教育　出處：《吉首大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：湘西地區(qū)是一個多民族聚居的地方,也是一個經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū)。域內(nèi)各少數(shù)民族既有著快速發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的迫切現(xiàn)實需求,也面臨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與少數(shù)民族語言文化逐漸消亡的現(xiàn)實矛盾。因此,大力開展少數(shù)民族雙語教育便成為消解這一矛盾的重要手段與保障。為此,必須全面細致地調(diào)查本地區(qū)少數(shù)民族雙語教育的現(xiàn)狀,積極探索、改革少數(shù)民族雙語教育的教學方法,研究分析少數(shù)民族學習雙語的規(guī)律,擴充雙語教材的學習內(nèi)容,構(gòu)建武陵山片區(qū)少數(shù)民族雙語教育協(xié)作機制,進而更好得發(fā)展少數(shù)民族雙語教育,保護和傳承民族語言文化。本研究正是基于對吉首、花垣、鳳凰、矮寨、龍山、保靖、永順、古丈7縣1市少數(shù)民族雙語教育現(xiàn)狀的實地調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的主要問題,提出有針對性的發(fā)展建議,以期促進本地區(qū)少數(shù)民族雙語教育,更好地保護當?shù)氐拿褡逭Z言與文化。首先,使用訪談法、問卷調(diào)查法對上述7縣1市的少數(shù)民族雙語教育現(xiàn)狀進行詳細調(diào)查,根據(jù)訪談結(jié)果和問卷數(shù)據(jù),我們了解到以下情況:師資方面,湘西地區(qū)缺乏能勝任雙語教學的教師。此外,雙語教師雙語能力較弱,課堂教學方法單一等問題也比較明顯。教材方面,雙語教學的教材內(nèi)容枯燥,學生的學習興趣不濃烈。學生方面,很多學生覺得學習民族語言比較困難,學生的學習興趣并不高漲,甚至很多學生認為學習民族語并沒有意義。他們學習的主要知識僅僅局限于書本知識,缺乏學習的語言環(huán)境。資金方面,各個學校用于開展雙語教育的活動經(jīng)費都十分緊張,不能給學校開展民族文化宣傳活動提供有利的支援。另外,給予雙語教師的工資補助很少,學校缺乏開展雙語教育的物資資源,比如:少數(shù)民族服裝、少數(shù)民族樂器等。其次,通過學生們的調(diào)查問卷,分析受訪學生的語言態(tài)度和語言能力,以及性別變項、年級變項和語言能力與語言態(tài)度的差異分析。了解到苗族受訪兒童與土家族受訪兒童對母語的語言態(tài)度及語言能力的區(qū)別。再次,根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題提出相關(guān)的發(fā)展對策和建議,希望能為促進湘西地區(qū)少數(shù)民族雙語教育的發(fā)展提供參考。最后,闡述少數(shù)民族雙語教育對保護和傳承少數(shù)民族語言文化的重要作用,再結(jié)合湘西地區(qū)少數(shù)民族的基本情況談談目前保護少數(shù)民族語言文化的主要手段,著重寫如何更好發(fā)展湘西地區(qū)的雙語教育來保護本地區(qū)少數(shù)民族的語言文化。
[Abstract]:Xiangxi region is a multi-ethnic area, but also an underdeveloped area.The ethnic minorities in the region not only have the urgent realistic demand of rapid economic development, but also face the realistic contradiction between the economic development and the gradual disappearance of the minority language and culture.Therefore, the development of bilingual education of ethnic minorities has become an important means and guarantee to resolve this contradiction.Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the present situation of bilingual education for ethnic minorities in this area, to actively explore and reform the teaching methods of bilingual education for ethnic minorities, to study and analyze the laws of learning bilingualism among ethnic minorities, and to expand the contents of bilingual teaching materials.Constructing the cooperative mechanism of minority bilingual education in Wuling Mountain region, and then developing the bilingual education of minority nationalities, protecting and inheriting the national language and culture.This study is based on a field investigation of the current situation of bilingual education among minorities in Jishou, Huayuan, Phoenix, Caizhai, Longshan, Baojing, Yongshun, and Guzhang 7 counties and 1 city, finds out the main problems, and puts forward targeted development suggestions.In order to promote the bilingual education of ethnic minorities in the region, better protect the local national language and culture.First of all, we use interview method and questionnaire method to investigate the current situation of bilingual education of ethnic minorities in seven counties and one city in detail. According to the interview results and questionnaire data, we know the following: teachers,There is a shortage of teachers qualified for bilingual teaching in western Hunan.In addition, bilingual teachers' bilingual ability is weak, classroom teaching method is single and so on.As for teaching materials, the contents of bilingual teaching materials are boring and students' interest in learning is not strong.On the student side, many students find it difficult to learn the national language, and their interest in learning is not high, even many students think that learning the national language is meaningless.The main knowledge they learn is limited to book knowledge and lacks a language environment for learning.In terms of funding, the funds for bilingual education activities in schools are very tight and can not provide favorable support for schools to carry out national cultural propaganda activities.In addition, bilingual teachers are given very little wage subsidies, and schools lack the material resources to carry out bilingual education, such as ethnic clothing, musical instruments and so on.Secondly, the students' language attitude and language ability, gender variables, grade variables and differences between language ability and language attitude were analyzed by questionnaire.To understand the differences of language attitude and language ability between Miao children and Tujia children.Thirdly, according to the problems found, the paper puts forward some relevant development countermeasures and suggestions, hoping to provide reference for promoting the development of bilingual education of minority nationalities in western Hunan.Finally, the paper expounds the important role of ethnic bilingual education in protecting and inheriting minority language and culture, and then discusses the main means of protecting minority language and culture in the light of the basic situation of minority nationalities in western Hunan.Focus on how to better develop bilingual education in western Hunan to protect the local minority language and culture.
【學位授予單位】：吉首大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G752

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