本文選題：聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)　切入點(diǎn)：家庭早期教養(yǎng)支持　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,兒童早期發(fā)展在世界范圍內(nèi)受到廣泛重視。家庭作為早期兒童生活的核心環(huán)境,在經(jīng)濟(jì)-社會(huì)迅速發(fā)展、變化的大時(shí)代背景下,家庭的養(yǎng)育困境與養(yǎng)育需求凸顯。聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)從20世紀(jì)60年開始就持續(xù)關(guān)注和援助兒童早期發(fā)展與家庭養(yǎng)育。為此,本研究以聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“UNICEF”)家庭早期教養(yǎng)支持政策為研究視角,以經(jīng)過檢索、篩選的與主題相關(guān)的48份政策文本為研究對(duì)象,分別采用內(nèi)容分析法和文獻(xiàn)研究法,來(lái)梳理和探討UNICEF家庭早期教養(yǎng)政策的政策取向及發(fā)展特征,并從家庭資本理論角度深入分析UNICEF家庭早期教養(yǎng)支持政策的政策內(nèi)容。首先,為揭示UNICEF現(xiàn)階段家庭早期教養(yǎng)政策的政策取向和發(fā)展特征,本研究基于前人對(duì)兒童早期發(fā)展與家庭政策的政策取向研究,采用內(nèi)容分析法,選取UNICEF從2000年到2015年的15份年度報(bào)告作為分析文本,對(duì)年度報(bào)告中與早期兒童和家庭養(yǎng)育支持相關(guān)的文本內(nèi)容進(jìn)行編碼。基于編碼結(jié)果,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)UNICEF現(xiàn)階段家庭早期教養(yǎng)政策包含了義務(wù)、權(quán)利和混合三種政策取向,其中權(quán)利取向的政策舉措最多。這種三中取向并存,權(quán)利取向明顯的取向特征形成的原因包括《兒童權(quán)利公約》精神的指引、家庭養(yǎng)育的現(xiàn)實(shí)困境與需求和UNICEF實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的選擇;總的來(lái)說(shuō)UNICEF家庭早期教養(yǎng)政策呈現(xiàn)出從“家庭支持”到“支持家庭”的政策取向轉(zhuǎn)變。其次,UNICEF家庭早期教養(yǎng)支持政策是一個(gè)綜合復(fù)雜的政策體系。為探究其政策內(nèi)容,本研究引入“家庭資本”概念,論述了UNICEF通過改善家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)資本、社會(huì)資本和文化資本來(lái)優(yōu)化家庭資源配置、建設(shè)支持性家庭環(huán)境,以實(shí)現(xiàn)早期兒童良好發(fā)展的具體政策舉措。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)UNICEF主要通過提高貧困家庭收入、改善家庭居住條件改善母親和早期兒童健康狀況三條途徑來(lái)改善家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)資本;通過加強(qiáng)家庭內(nèi)外部關(guān)系、支持與促進(jìn)家庭參與、開展養(yǎng)育教育以等幾種途徑來(lái)改善家庭的社會(huì)資本;通過捐贈(zèng)教育類物資和創(chuàng)造條件,支持家長(zhǎng)與兒童共同參與文化類活動(dòng),提高母親的受教育水平等途徑來(lái)改善家庭文化資本。最后,論文先總結(jié)前文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)并就UNICEF家庭早期教養(yǎng)政策在實(shí)踐中的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)展開討論,主要包括醫(yī)教結(jié)合、父母賦權(quán)和關(guān)注不同家庭生命周期階段養(yǎng)育需求等。
[Abstract]:At present, the development of early childhood is paid more and more attention in the world. The family, as the core environment of early childhood life, is under the background of rapid economic and social development and change. Family parenting difficulties and parenting needs are highlighted. Since 20th century, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has continued to focus on and assist early childhood development and family rearing. From the perspective of the early upbringing support policy of the United Nations Children's Fund ("UNICEF"), 48 policy texts related to the subject were searched and selected, respectively, using the content analysis method and the literature research method. To sort out and discuss the policy orientation and development characteristics of UNICEF early family upbringing policy, and analyze the policy content of UNICEF early upbringing policy from the angle of family capital theory. In order to reveal the policy orientation and development characteristics of early family upbringing policy in UNICEF at present, this study is based on the previous research on the policy orientation of early childhood development and family policy, and adopts the content analysis method. Fifteen annual reports of UNICEF from 2000 to 2015 were selected as analytical texts to encode the texts related to early childhood and family upbringing support. The study found that UNICEF's early family upbringing policy includes three kinds of policy orientations: obligation, right and mixture, among which the policy of right orientation is the most. The reasons for the obvious orientation characteristics of the right orientation include the guidance of the spirit of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the practical difficulties and needs of family rearing and the choice of UNICEF's practical experience. In general, UNICEF family early upbringing policy shows a shift from "family support" to "supporting family" policy. Secondly, UNICEF family early upbringing support policy is a comprehensive and complex policy system. This study introduces the concept of "family capital" and discusses that UNICEF can optimize the allocation of family resources and build a supportive family environment by improving family economic capital, social capital and cultural capital. The study found that UNICEF can improve the family economic capital mainly by increasing the income of poor families, improving the living conditions of families and improving the health status of mothers and early childhood. To improve the social capital of the family through, inter alia, strengthening family internal and external relations, supporting and promoting family participation, conducting parenting education, etc., and supporting parents and children to participate in cultural activities by donating educational materials and creating conditions, Finally, the paper summarizes the previous research findings and discusses the successful experience of UNICEF early family upbringing policy in practice, mainly including the combination of medical and teaching, and so on, to improve the mother's education level and other ways to improve the family cultural capital, finally, the paper summarizes the previous research findings and discusses the successful experience of UNICEF family early upbringing policy in practice. Parents empower and focus on parenting needs in different family life cycle stages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G78

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 葛新斌;馬學(xué)芝;;“醫(yī)教結(jié)合”的論爭(zhēng)辨析及其推進(jìn)策略[J];教育理論與實(shí)踐;2016年28期

2 金炳徹;;韓國(guó)殘疾兒童家庭支持體制研究[J];殘疾人研究;2015年04期

3 張曉梅;;美國(guó)面向低收入工薪家庭的早期教育政策及實(shí)施[J];外國(guó)教育研究;2015年11期

4 陳亞聰;;陳學(xué)鋒:兒童權(quán)利,是早教的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)[J];幼兒100(教師版);2015年05期

5 張憲冰;韓威;仝夢(mèng)冉;;美國(guó)低收入家庭學(xué)前兒童教育政策探析[J];外國(guó)教育研究;2015年04期

6 蘇志強(qiáng);張大均;邵景進(jìn);;社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位與留守兒童社會(huì)適應(yīng)的關(guān)系:歧視知覺的中介作用[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;2015年02期

7 金炳徹;張金峰;;殘疾兒童家庭支持體系研究綜述[J];殘疾人研究;2014年01期

8 朱靜;;學(xué)前教育立法應(yīng)保障兒童游戲權(quán)[J];教育導(dǎo)刊(下半月);2014年02期

9 馮承蕓;魏新燕;劉建華;閔杰;牛麗;李佳楠;張珍;夏娜;劉嵐;馮思漩;;深圳實(shí)施兒童早期發(fā)展項(xiàng)目對(duì)幼兒情緒社會(huì)性影響研究[J];中國(guó)兒童保健雜志;2013年06期

10 何歡;;美國(guó)家庭政策的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和啟示[J];清華大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2013年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 張亮;中國(guó)兒童照顧政策研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2014年

2 田豐;中國(guó)當(dāng)代家庭生命周期研究[D];中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院;2011年

3 孫晶晶;弱勢(shì)兒童權(quán)利保護(hù)研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 朱純潔;城市貧困家庭早期兒童照顧與教育（ECCE）服務(wù)需求及其政策供給研究[D];江南大學(xué);2015年

2 陸成藝;京滬海歸創(chuàng)業(yè)政策的比較[D];華東師范大學(xué);2015年

3 王向宇;家庭參與及其與學(xué)前兒童學(xué)習(xí)行為和社會(huì)能力的關(guān)系研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2010年

4 王麗娟;中等發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)農(nóng)村兒童入學(xué)準(zhǔn)備教育之研究[D];西南大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：1579068