本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中學生 疏離感 家庭功能 父母教養(yǎng)方式　出處：《遼寧師范大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)實社會生活中的人們能體會到各種情緒、情感的反應(yīng)。疏離感便是其中的一種情感體驗,它是我們每個人都能體會到的。它主要反映的是個體與他人的人際交往問題—現(xiàn)實生活中個體與他人的人際交往、人際溝通等正常社會關(guān)系偏離人們所公認的規(guī)范標準。與家人、朋友、同事等正常的人際交往間不能建立穩(wěn)定、親密的有效關(guān)系,覺得自己與他們有一種疏遠感和孤立感,難以融入他們之中。家庭功能是父母對子女管教問題的一種行為方式,包括父母與子女間的行為反應(yīng)、信任關(guān)心等各個方面,是家庭環(huán)境中的一個重要因素；父母教養(yǎng)方式是父母在教育教養(yǎng)子女的日常生活中所表現(xiàn)出來的一種行為傾向。家庭功能和父母教養(yǎng)方式都是家庭環(huán)境中對子女身心發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響的因素。本論文從家庭功能和父母教養(yǎng)方式兩方面考察了大連市區(qū)中學生疏離感發(fā)展的特點。 本研究首先對疏離感概念作了一個簡單概述,對疏離感研究背景及維度總體作了一個概括,綜述了該領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀。然后對疏離感與家庭功能、父母教養(yǎng)方式方面的研究成果和主要理論觀點進行了簡單闡述。在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,采用青少年疏離感問卷、家庭功能問卷和父母教養(yǎng)方式問卷,對大連市區(qū)392名初中年級的學生進行調(diào)查問卷,考察大連市區(qū)中學生疏離感的一般特點,探討了家庭功能和父母教養(yǎng)方式與大連市區(qū)中學生疏離感之間的關(guān)系。 本論文得出以下主要結(jié)論： (1)青少年疏離感一階因素中環(huán)境疏離感最高,社會疏離感最低,人際疏離感居于兩者之間。在二階因素的九個維度中,生活環(huán)境疏離感、無意義感和自我疏離感得分最高,社會孤立感得分最低。 (2)青少年疏離感存在顯著的年級差異,低年級學生的疏離感整體上顯著低于高年級學生；是否獨生在人際疏離感上的差異顯著,獨生子女的人際疏離感強于非獨生子女。在本研究中,未發(fā)現(xiàn)青少年疏離感發(fā)展的性別差異。 (3)家庭功能各維度與疏離感有顯著相關(guān),情感介入和角色均能正向預(yù)測社會疏離感、人際疏離感和環(huán)境疏離感。說明在情感介入和角色方面,家庭問題越多,中學生社會疏離感、人際疏離感和環(huán)境疏離感就會越強。 (4)專制型對總疏離感和環(huán)境疏離感有正向預(yù)測作用,說明父母過分約束、控制,子女的總疏離感和環(huán)境疏離感就越強。溺愛型對社會疏離感具有正向預(yù)測作用,說明父母越過度保護、溺愛,子女的社會疏離感會越強。忽視型對人際疏離感有正向預(yù)測作用,說明父母越不管不問、忽視,子女的人際疏離感越強。信任鼓勵、情感溫暖型均對疏離感有負向預(yù)測作用,說明信任、關(guān)心、愛護的家庭教養(yǎng)方式有利于降低子女的疏離感。
[Abstract]:People in real social life can feel all kinds of emotions, emotional reactions. Alienation is one of the emotional experiences. It's something that every one of us can understand. It mainly reflects the interpersonal relationship between the individual and the other-- in real life, the interpersonal relationship between the individual and the other. Normal social relationships, such as interpersonal communication, deviate from accepted norms. Normal relationships with family, friends, colleagues, etc., cannot establish stable, intimate and effective relationships, and they feel that they have a sense of alienation and isolation. It is difficult to integrate into them. Family function is an important factor in the family environment, including the behavior reaction between parents and children, trust and concern, etc. The parental rearing style is a kind of behavior tendency of parents in the daily life of educating their children. Family function and parental rearing style are the important factors that influence the children's physical and mental development in the family environment. This paper investigates the characteristics of middle school students' alienation in Dalian from family function and parental rearing style. In this study, the concept of alienation is briefly summarized, the background and dimensions of alienation are summarized, and the current research situation in this field is summarized. On the basis of previous studies, the questionnaire on adolescent alienation, family function and parental rearing style is used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 392 junior high school students in Dalian to investigate the general characteristics of alienation among middle school students in Dalian, and to explore the relationship between family function, parental rearing style and alienation among middle school students in Dalian. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1) among the first order factors of adolescent alienation, environmental alienation is the highest, social alienation is the lowest, and interpersonal alienation is between the two. In the nine dimensions of the second order factor, the sense of alienation of living environment, the sense of meaningless and the sense of self-alienation are the highest. Social isolation scored the lowest. (2) there were significant grade differences in the sense of alienation among adolescents, the sense of alienation of the lower grade students was significantly lower than that of the higher grade students, and the difference of interpersonal alienation between the only students was significant. The interpersonal alienation of only child is stronger than that of non-only child. In this study, there is no gender difference in the development of alienation. 3) each dimension of family function is significantly related to alienation. Emotional intervention and role can positively predict social alienation, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation. Middle school students' sense of social alienation, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation will be stronger. (4) autocracy has a positive predictive effect on total alienation and environmental alienation, indicating that if parents are too restrained and controlled, the total alienation and environmental alienation of their children will become stronger. Doting has a positive predictive effect on social alienation. It shows that the more overprotective and doting parents are, the stronger the social alienation of their children will be. Neglect has a positive predictive effect on interpersonal alienation, indicating that the more parents ignore it, the stronger their interpersonal alienation will be. The warmth of emotion has a negative predictive effect on the sense of alienation, indicating that the family rearing style of trust, care and love is helpful to reduce the sense of alienation of children.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G78;G444

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