【摘要】：隨著機(jī)械破巖技術(shù)在地下工程中的廣泛應(yīng)用,巖石破碎機(jī)理研究迅速成為國(guó)內(nèi)外研究熱點(diǎn)。由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)大體積巖塊取樣困難,室內(nèi)人造圍巖的研制亟待解決。為此,本文開(kāi)展了高強(qiáng)人造巖體的制作技術(shù)研究,解決了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)大體積巖樣難取的問(wèn)題。首先,通過(guò)試樣試驗(yàn)對(duì)比分析,確定了活性粉末混凝土(簡(jiǎn)稱“RPC”混凝土)最優(yōu)配合比及最佳的養(yǎng)護(hù)制度。其次,利用數(shù)值模擬方法,通過(guò)研究大體積巖體內(nèi)部溫度應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律,得到可以減小大體積巖體內(nèi)部拉應(yīng)力的有效措施。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)常壓養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下試樣試驗(yàn)。分別對(duì)RPC混凝土配合比設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中石英砂的細(xì)度模數(shù)、減水劑摻量、硅灰與粉煤灰摻量比、砂膠比、水膠比、復(fù)合型礦物摻和料摻量和膨脹劑摻量等7個(gè)因素進(jìn)行單因素分析,得到各因素對(duì)RPC混凝土的流動(dòng)性和抗壓強(qiáng)度的影響規(guī)律�；谏鲜鰞煞N指標(biāo),得到常壓養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下RPC混凝土的最優(yōu)配合比。(2)不同養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下的試樣試驗(yàn)。通過(guò)研究了4種不同的養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下RPC混凝土抗壓強(qiáng)度與孔隙率的變化規(guī)律得知,高溫高壓較高溫養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下,RPC混凝土的抗壓強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)更大(其中水膠比越低,效果越明顯),孔隙率減小更多。這說(shuō)明高溫高壓養(yǎng)護(hù)可以改善了RPC混凝土的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),提高了RPC混凝土的致密性,進(jìn)而提高自身的抗壓強(qiáng)度,據(jù)此提出了高溫高壓的養(yǎng)護(hù)制度,并獲得了強(qiáng)度可達(dá)200MPa的RPC混凝土。(3)數(shù)值模擬研究結(jié)果表明:1)對(duì)比不同尺寸的巖體內(nèi)部的溫度場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律,結(jié)果表明中等體積巖體無(wú)論給定何種外邊界,其內(nèi)部的溫度場(chǎng)接近均勻的溫度場(chǎng);而大體積巖體內(nèi)部存在較大的溫度梯度。2)通過(guò)對(duì)比大體積巖體在升溫、溫度保持和降溫階段其內(nèi)部的溫度應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律,得出大體積巖體在降溫階段外表面產(chǎn)生較大的拉應(yīng)力。3)通過(guò)對(duì)比分析三種不同的降溫降壓方式,結(jié)果表明先降溫后降壓方式能夠有效減小大體積巖體內(nèi)部的最大拉應(yīng)力值。4)通過(guò)對(duì)降溫降壓速率進(jìn)行控制,得出同時(shí)降低降溫降壓速度可有效減小大體積巖體內(nèi)部的溫度應(yīng)力的結(jié)論。綜合全文研究,通過(guò)試樣實(shí)驗(yàn)研究給出了最佳的RPC混凝土配合比,提出了最佳的養(yǎng)護(hù)制度,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬得到了最優(yōu)的降溫降壓路徑,對(duì)制作大體積無(wú)宏觀缺陷的高強(qiáng)人造巖體具有指導(dǎo)意義,為實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)展機(jī)械破巖研究提供了前提條件。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of mechanical rock breaking technology in underground engineering, the research on rock breaking mechanism has become a hot spot at home and abroad. Because of the difficulty of sampling large-volume rock mass in the field, the development of indoor artificial rock mass should be solved urgently. Therefore, this paper studies the manufacture technology of high strength artificial rock mass, and solves the problem of hard to get mass rock samples in the field. Firstly, the optimum mix ratio and maintenance system of reactive powder concrete (RPC) are determined by comparison and analysis of sample test. Secondly, by using the numerical simulation method, by studying the distribution law of the thermal stress field in the mass rock mass, the effective measures can be obtained to reduce the internal tensile stress of the mass rock mass. The main research results are as follows: (1) sample test under atmospheric pressure. Seven factors, such as the fineness modulus of quartz sand, the amount of water reducing agent, the ratio of silica fume to fly ash, the ratio of sand to binder, the ratio of water to binder, the amount of compound mineral admixture and the amount of expansive agent, etc. in the design process of RPC concrete mixture were analyzed. The effects of various factors on the fluidity and compressive strength of RPC concrete are obtained. Based on the above two indexes, the optimum mix ratio of RPC concrete under normal pressure curing condition is obtained. (2) specimen test under different curing conditions. By studying the variation of compressive strength and porosity of RPC concrete under four different curing conditions, it is found that the compressive strength of RPC concrete increases more under high temperature and high pressure than that of high temperature curing (the lower the water-binder ratio, the lower the ratio of water to binder). The more obvious the effect is, the more the porosity decreases. This shows that high temperature and high pressure curing can improve the microstructure of RPC concrete, improve the compactness of RPC concrete, and then improve its compressive strength. Based on this, the curing system of high temperature and high pressure is put forward. The RPC concrete with strength up to 200MPa is obtained. (3) the numerical simulation results show that the temperature field distribution of different sizes of rock mass is compared with that of different sizes. The results show that no matter what outer boundary is given to medium volume rock mass, The internal temperature field is close to the uniform temperature field, while the large temperature gradient (.2) exists in the mass rock mass. It is concluded that the external surface of mass rock mass produces a large tensile stress at the stage of cooling. 3) through the comparative analysis of three different ways of lowering temperature and pressure, The results show that the method of decreasing temperature first and then reducing pressure can effectively reduce the maximum tensile stress value of mass rock mass by controlling the rate of lowering temperature and pressure. It is concluded that the temperature stress in the mass rock mass can be effectively reduced by decreasing the cooling and lowering pressure velocity simultaneously. In this paper, the optimum mixture ratio of RPC concrete is given through the experimental study of samples, and the optimal curing system is put forward. The optimal path of cooling and reducing pressure is obtained by numerical simulation. It is of guiding significance for the manufacture of high strength artificial rock mass without macroscopical defects in large volume and provides a prerequisite for the laboratory to carry out the research of mechanical rock breakage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU528

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本文編號(hào)：2147914