本文選題：魏晉　切入點(diǎn)：志怪小說　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在中國封建社會,女性觀往往是男性思想體系的重要組成部分。在一定程度上,透過女性觀可以獲知男權(quán)本位社會中女性的真實(shí)處境。因志怪小說具有邊緣性、民間性、真實(shí)性等特點(diǎn),故本文以魏晉時(shí)期的志怪小說為研究對象。力圖透過其中女性形象的塑造來反觀魏晉社會中通行的女性觀,從而了解魏晉時(shí)期女性的真實(shí)生存狀態(tài)。文章主體分為四章:第一章從“女性自身修養(yǎng)”的角度切入,首先對女性“四德”之說進(jìn)行界定,并對魏晉之前“四德”觀的內(nèi)涵衍變做一梳理。然后立足于志怪小說文本,分析魏晉志怪小說之“四德”觀念及其轉(zhuǎn)變。通過對比分析可知,魏晉“四德”觀在繼承前代以“成婦順”為核心的“四德”觀的基礎(chǔ)之上,又有所轉(zhuǎn)變——朝著“對女性自身修養(yǎng)的束縛相對寬松”的方向發(fā)展。其實(shí)質(zhì)雖仍然沒有掙脫“以服務(wù)于男性和家庭為旨?xì)w”的枷鎖,但較之前代有所進(jìn)步。第二章主要從“家庭、婚姻及兩性關(guān)系”的視角窺探魏晉女性的真實(shí)處境。具體從“女性擔(dān)任的不同家庭角色”、“婚戀觀”和“為妻之道”三個方面做一分析。從中可知,魏晉時(shí)期,女性在家庭、婚姻及兩性關(guān)系中仍然處于從屬地位,畢其一生仍要堅(jiān)守“三從”之義�！澳赣H”雖有著“與父同尊”的地位,其本質(zhì)卻仍舊是彰顯男權(quán)�！澳凶鹋啊钡挠^念在這一時(shí)期并未被打破,但也出現(xiàn)了一些閃爍著早期女性主義光輝的女性形象,如主動追求所愛的女子,妒婦等。第三章從“女性與社會”的角度切入,具體從“女性擔(dān)任的不同社會角色”、“女性與政治”、“女性與宗教”三個層面進(jìn)行分析�？芍�,一方面,步入社會的魏晉女性地位仍然卑賤,且經(jīng)常被物化,沒有人身自由可言,在政治生活中也常常遭到歧視;然而另一方面,其所擔(dān)任的社會角色涉及范圍卻越發(fā)廣泛,參與宗教活動較為頻繁,參政意識也并未被完全泯滅。第四章立足前三章多角度的分析,歸納總結(jié)出魏晉志怪小說女性觀的特點(diǎn):肯定率真放誕之性情;包容自由開放之婦風(fēng);贊其才德,哀其遭際。并且從社會、歷史、文化、思想等角度對其背后的原因作了深入的剖析。筆者認(rèn)為,在魏晉政權(quán)不穩(wěn),民生凋敝的大背景下,“‘儒學(xué)’獨(dú)尊地位之動搖”,“玄風(fēng)之盛行”、“佛、道二教之興盛”以及“胡風(fēng)之彌漫”等眾多因素都是形成這種獨(dú)特女性觀的原因。此外,亦不可排除傳統(tǒng)女教與其社會影響之間存在一定的“時(shí)間差”。通過文章主體部分多角度的分析和總結(jié),希望能夠更加立體地了解魏晉時(shí)期女性的真實(shí)生存狀況,從而幫助當(dāng)代女性更加客觀、理性地審視自我。
[Abstract]:In the feudal society of China, the female view is often an important part of the male ideological system. To a certain extent, the true situation of the female in the patriarchal society can be obtained through the female view. Therefore, this paper takes the novels of the Wei and Jin dynasties as the research object and tries to reverse the popular view of women in the Wei and Jin dynasties through the portrayal of the female images. The main body of the article is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is from the angle of "self-cultivation of women", first of all, the author defines the theory of "four virtues" of women. Then, based on the novel texts, this paper analyzes the concept of "four virtues" in the novels of Wei and Jin dynasties and its transformation. The view of "four virtues" in Wei and Jin dynasties is based on the view of "four virtues" which is the core of "women's shun" in the previous generation. There is also a change-towards the direction of "relatively loose constraints on women's self-cultivation." its essence has not broken free of the shackles of "serving men and families." But it's a little bit better than before. Chapter two starts with "Family," From the point of view of marriage and gender relations, we can see the real situation of women in Wei and Jin dynasties. We can make an analysis from three aspects: "different family roles of women", "views on marriage and love" and "the way to be wives". It can be concluded that during the Wei and Jin dynasties, women were in the family. Marriage and sexual relations are still in a subordinate position, and throughout his life he has to adhere to the meaning of "three conformities." although "Mother" has the status of "having the same respect as his father," But its essence is still to show male power. The concept of "male superiority" has not been broken in this period, but there are some shining female images of early feminism, such as taking the initiative to pursue the women they love. The third chapter analyzes the different social roles of women, women and politics, and women and religion from the angle of "women and society". The status of women in the Wei and Jin dynasties is still low and often materialized, and they have no personal freedom to speak of, and are often discriminated against in political life. On the other hand, their social roles are more and more extensive. The fourth chapter, based on the analysis of the first three chapters, summarizes the characteristics of the female view of Wei-Jin Zhi strange novel: affirmation of the nature of truth and birth, tolerance of the free and open style of women, and so on, the fourth chapter, based on the analysis of the first three chapters, summarizes the characteristics of the female view of the Wei-Jin Dynasty. Praise its ability of virtue, mourn its suffering. And from the social, historical, cultural, ideological and other angles to make a deep analysis of the reasons behind it. The author believes that in the Wei and Jin dynasties regime instability, Against the backdrop of the desolation of people's livelihood, many factors, such as "the vacillation of the exclusive status of Confucianism", "the prevalence of the metaphysics", "the prosperity of Buddhism and Taoism" and "the pervasiveness of Hu Feng", all contribute to the formation of this unique view of women. It is also impossible to rule out the existence of a certain "time difference" between the traditional female religion and its social impact. Through the analysis and summary of the main part of the article from various angles, we hope to have a better understanding of the real living conditions of women in the Wei and Jin dynasties. In order to help contemporary women more objective, rational self-examination.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.41

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