本文關(guān)鍵詞： 余華 批判性 文學(xué)性 人性 命運　出處：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：余華自九十年代創(chuàng)作長篇小說以來,他的作品一經(jīng)出版就備受讀者與批評家的關(guān)注。九十年代出版的《活著》與《許三觀賣血記》以單純的敘事方式和對人類苦難經(jīng)驗的形而上思考受到讀者的喜愛與肯定。2006年余華十年磨一劍的《兄弟》橫空出世,粗鄙化的荒誕敘事、上下兩部的出版形式引發(fā)巨大爭議,讀者市場的暢銷與學(xué)術(shù)界的批評形成兩極分化的矛盾現(xiàn)象。2013年出版的《第七天》又因大量新聞事件的堆砌遭遇了更猛烈的輿論沖擊。一方面,這些創(chuàng)作轉(zhuǎn)變所引發(fā)的爭議成為值得關(guān)注的文學(xué)現(xiàn)象,另一方面,在風(fēng)格轉(zhuǎn)變的背后又留存著余華對歷史、現(xiàn)實和人性的持續(xù)關(guān)注和深度思考,因而每一部都是“變”與“�！钡慕Y(jié)合。本論文主要從“文學(xué)的批判性與審美性”兩個角度,借助文本細讀法、比較分析法,著重探討余華每一部長篇小說在主題內(nèi)容和現(xiàn)實形式化手法方面的“變”與“�！�,在論述的過程中結(jié)合純文學(xué)在當(dāng)代文化語境中的發(fā)展變遷,試圖在豐富余華的作家作品研究同時,從側(cè)面觀照余華作品轉(zhuǎn)變背后的啟示和意義,進而探究當(dāng)代文學(xué)普遍存在的困境�！皬臍v史故事到現(xiàn)實書寫:批判性的‘變’與‘常’”一章主要從文學(xué)批判性的角度切入余華的長篇小說創(chuàng)作,抓住人性、命運、現(xiàn)實幾個關(guān)鍵詞,結(jié)合純文學(xué)相關(guān)的文化語境和理論批評,分析五部作品在表達對歷史和現(xiàn)實的關(guān)注時呈現(xiàn)出的變化,說明余華作品顯示出逐步貼近當(dāng)下時代、批判功能愈加強化的創(chuàng)作趨向,這種變化不僅是作家對于當(dāng)代純文學(xué)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的一種反思以及反思之后的轉(zhuǎn)向,也是對當(dāng)下文化語境對當(dāng)代文學(xué)提出強調(diào)現(xiàn)實批判性的要求的一種回應(yīng),更體現(xiàn)出文化語境的變遷對作家創(chuàng)作帶來的深刻影響。“現(xiàn)實感與文學(xué)性的融合:現(xiàn)實形式化的‘變’與‘�！币徽峦ㄟ^比較《活著》《許三觀賣血記》《兄弟》《第七天》四部作品的現(xiàn)實形式化手法,從作品的審美性角度分析余華長篇小說現(xiàn)實感和文學(xué)性的來源,試圖探究《兄弟》《第七天》兩部作品文學(xué)性美感缺失的原因,并且進一步分析它們的文學(xué)性如何體現(xiàn),余華在文學(xué)性與現(xiàn)實融合方面作出了哪些努力,這種努力遭遇到了怎樣的難度。
[Abstract]:Yu Hua has been writing novels since 90s, His works have attracted the attention of readers and critics as soon as they were published. In 90s, "living" and "the Blood of Xu Sanguan" were loved by readers for their simple narrative style and metaphysical thinking of human suffering experience. In 2006, Yu Hua's "Brother", who had been grinding a sword for ten years, was born across the world. The vulgar absurd narration and the publishing form of the next two books have caused great controversy. The popularity of the reader market and the criticism of the academic circles form a polarizing phenomenon. On the one hand, the publication of "7th days" published in 2013 has been hit by even more violent public opinion because of a large number of news events. The controversy caused by these changes in creation has become a literary phenomenon worthy of attention. On the other hand, Yu Hua's sustained concern and deep reflection on history, reality and human nature remain behind the change of style. Therefore, each one is a combination of "change" and "Chang". This paper mainly from the "critical and aesthetic aspects of literature", with the help of text reading method, comparative analysis, This paper focuses on the "change" and "Chang" of each of Yu Hua's novels in the aspects of theme content and practical formalization, and combines the development and changes of pure literature in the contemporary cultural context in the process of discussion. At the same time of enriching Yu Hua's writers and works, the author tries to observe the enlightenment and significance behind the change of Yu Hua's works from the side. From the historical story to the realistic writing: critical 'change' and 'Chang', the chapter mainly cuts into Yu Hua's novel creation from the literary critical angle, grasps the human nature, the destiny, Several key words of reality, combined with the cultural context and theoretical criticism related to pure literature, are used to analyze the changes in the expression of concern for history and reality in the five works, which shows that Yu Hua's works show a gradual approach to the present era. This change is not only a reflection on the current situation of the development of contemporary pure literature, but also a turn after reflection. It is also a response to the requirement of emphasizing realistic criticism on contemporary literature in the current cultural context. It also reflects the profound influence of the change of the cultural context on the writer's creation. "the fusion of reality and literature: the formalized 'change' and 'Chang' of reality" chapter through a comparison of < alive > < Xu Sanguan's Bloodbook > < Brothers > < 7th. The practical formalization of the four works, From the aesthetic point of view of the works, this paper analyzes the sources of reality and literariness in Yu Hua's novels, tries to explore the reasons for the lack of literary aesthetic sense in the two works of "Brother" < 7th days >, and further analyzes how their literariness is embodied. What efforts Yu Hua has made in the integration of literature and reality, and how difficult this effort has been.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.425

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