本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距 + 財(cái)政支出城市傾向��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：收入分配問題一直是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)。而城鄉(xiāng)收入分配問題隨著城市化發(fā)展而暴露出兩者間的矛盾,使處理好城鄉(xiāng)收入分配問題成為經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵之一。中國政府在眾多的政府會(huì)議中也多次強(qiáng)調(diào)重視城鄉(xiāng)收入差距問題。因此,研究影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的因素,找出解決方法十分重要。目前,國內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的成因做了很多研究,本文選取金融市場(chǎng)發(fā)展失衡問題和財(cái)政投資傾向問題作為切入點(diǎn),利用新古典增長(zhǎng)理論,構(gòu)建了一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)一般均衡模型,并使用1996——2010年間中國宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)和數(shù)值模擬,得出財(cái)政支出傾向和金融市場(chǎng)發(fā)展失衡與城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距之間的關(guān)系。 本文共分為以下五個(gè)部分：第一部分是導(dǎo)論,該部分主要闡述了本文的研究背景以及研究意義,并簡(jiǎn)單概括了全文的研究方法等。第二部分是文獻(xiàn)綜述,該部分將國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了分類,并選取相關(guān)度較高的觀點(diǎn)作了簡(jiǎn)要介紹。第三部分是界定研究對(duì)象和介紹各研究對(duì)象的發(fā)展情況,這部分主要是系統(tǒng)的闡述了中國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以及財(cái)政投資情況和金融市場(chǎng)情況,并以統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)作為支持把城鄉(xiāng)間財(cái)政投資差異和金融市場(chǎng)發(fā)展差異作比較。第四部分是本文的核心,主要是根據(jù)研究對(duì)象,進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)募僭O(shè)之后,建立的一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)一般均衡模型,并通過收集篩選后的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)和數(shù)值模擬。第五部分是研究結(jié)論和政策建議。這個(gè)部分主要是對(duì)第四部分的實(shí)證結(jié)果做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要的總結(jié),并根據(jù)實(shí)際情況給出一定的政策建議。 經(jīng)過建模和數(shù)值模擬的分析,本文認(rèn)為在不存在其他因素的情況下,城鄉(xiāng)金融市場(chǎng)發(fā)展差異性對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的影響很明顯,財(cái)政支出傾向次之。如果農(nóng)村地區(qū)只有單純的農(nóng)業(yè),沒有其他任何途徑促進(jìn)農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)增值,那么農(nóng)村地區(qū)的資金會(huì)外流,農(nóng)村的產(chǎn)出也將減少。而財(cái)政支出的城市傾向策略,雖然是為了促進(jìn)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,但同時(shí)也不可避免的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入差距。所以我們要大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村金融,加大財(cái)政對(duì)農(nóng)村的投入。
[Abstract]:The problem of income distribution has always been a hot topic in economics. However, with the development of urbanization, the problem of urban-rural income distribution exposes the contradiction between the two, which makes it one of the keys to the stable development of economy and society to deal with the problem of urban-rural income distribution. The Chinese government has also stressed the importance of urban and rural income gap in many government meetings. Therefore, it is very important to study the factors affecting the income gap between urban and rural areas and find out the solution. At present, domestic scholars have done a lot of research on the causes of the urban-rural income gap in China. This paper selects the financial market development imbalance and the financial investment tendency as the starting point, using the neoclassical growth theory. In this paper, a dynamic general equilibrium model is constructed, and the calibration and numerical simulation are carried out using the macro statistical data of China from 1996 to 2010. The relationship between the tendency of fiscal expenditure and the imbalance of financial market development and the income gap between urban and rural residents is obtained. This paper is divided into the following five parts: the first part is an introduction, this part mainly describes the research background and significance of this paper, and briefly summarizes the research methods of the full text. The second part is a literature review, this part of the domestic and foreign scholars on the income gap between urban and rural residents to classify the literature, and select a higher correlation point of view to make a brief introduction. The third part is to define the research object and introduce the development of each research object. This part mainly expounds the development trend of urban-rural income gap, financial investment and financial market situation. The difference between urban and rural financial investment and financial market development is compared with statistical data. The fourth part is the core of this paper, which is a dynamic general equilibrium model based on proper assumptions, and calibrates and simulates by collecting and filtering data. The fifth part is the research conclusions and policy recommendations. This part is mainly to make a brief summary of the empirical results of the fourth part, and give some policy suggestions according to the actual situation. Through the analysis of modeling and numerical simulation, this paper thinks that the difference of the development of the financial market between urban and rural areas has obvious influence on the income gap of urban and rural residents, and the tendency of fiscal expenditure is the second in the absence of other factors. If there is only agriculture in rural areas and there is no other way to increase the value of farmers' property, then capital flows out of rural areas and rural output will be reduced. Although the urban tendency strategy of fiscal expenditure is to promote the development of urban economy, it also inevitably expands the income gap between urban and rural residents. So we should vigorously develop rural finance and increase financial input to rural areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F812.45;F832.5;F224

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