匯改后人民幣匯率與股價(jià)聯(lián)動關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究
本文選題:匯率改革 + 向量誤差修正模型; 參考:《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著匯率改革的不斷推進(jìn)以及股票市場的發(fā)展日益規(guī)范,外匯市場和股票市場之間的關(guān)系日趨緊密。在這種背景下,弄清匯率與股價(jià)之間的影響方向以及影響力的大小,具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義:首先,這有利于政府的政策制定。舉例來說,人民幣匯率改革的進(jìn)一步目標(biāo)是逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)資本項(xiàng)目的自由兌換,建立更具彈性的匯率制度。為了把握好管制進(jìn)一步放開的程度以及時(shí)機(jī),就不得不考慮匯率變化究竟會給股票市場的變動帶來怎樣的影響。這種情況下,本文對人民幣匯率以及股價(jià)之間聯(lián)動關(guān)系的量化分析就有了現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。其次,如果能更清楚地了解匯率與股票市場價(jià)格,特別是與不同行業(yè)的股價(jià)之間的聯(lián)動關(guān)系,對投資者的投資決策也有一定的幫助。投資者可以在一定程度上利用一個(gè)市場的變動來預(yù)測另一個(gè)市場的變動,或者是通過對二者關(guān)系的了解來從總體上更好地把握整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢。最后,特別提出的是,日本80年代“廣場協(xié)議”的簽訂和日元的連續(xù)升值所引發(fā)的日本十余年的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退以及98年的亞洲金融危機(jī),都給我們帶來了深刻的警醒:匯率的大幅波動會給一國的股市乃至經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來不可磨滅的影響。因此,從匯改后的量化數(shù)據(jù)來確切地把握人民幣匯率與股價(jià)之間的關(guān)系,對于防范股市動蕩,推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快增長,有著十分必要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 為了弄清人民幣匯率與股價(jià)之間的聯(lián)動關(guān)系,本文從理論以及實(shí)證兩個(gè)角度進(jìn)行分析。 在理論分析部分,本文首先介紹了流量導(dǎo)向模型以及股票導(dǎo)向模型。流量導(dǎo)向模型強(qiáng)調(diào)貿(mào)易平衡,認(rèn)為匯率與股價(jià)之間存在從匯率到股價(jià)的單方向因果關(guān)系。該模型指出匯率的波動會影響一個(gè)公司的對外競爭力,進(jìn)而會影響公司的現(xiàn)金流和股價(jià),從而影響整個(gè)股票市場。股票導(dǎo)向模型強(qiáng)調(diào)資本與金融項(xiàng)目,認(rèn)為匯率與股價(jià)之間存在從股價(jià)到匯率的單方向因果關(guān)系。該模型指出股價(jià)的波動會引起資本流動和貨幣供求的變化,而匯率的變動恰恰是由貨幣的供求變化所決定。 從對這兩個(gè)模型的介紹中可以看出,匯率與股價(jià)之間的傳導(dǎo)需要借助其他變量,因而本文接著對這些中間變量是怎樣充當(dāng)匯率與股價(jià)之間的傳導(dǎo)途徑進(jìn)行了介紹。這些中間變量包括基礎(chǔ)貨幣供應(yīng)量、利率、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易、國際資本流動以及心理預(yù)期。中間變量以及傳導(dǎo)途徑的繁多使得匯率與股價(jià)之間的關(guān)系變得復(fù)雜起來,僅僅通過理論分析已經(jīng)無法清晰地表述匯率與股價(jià)之間的影響方向和影響力的大小,它們之間的具體關(guān)系取決于這些中間變量以及傳導(dǎo)途徑的綜合角力。也正因?yàn)榇?必須要通過實(shí)證研究,得出確切地結(jié)論,才能正確認(rèn)知匯改后人民幣匯率以及股價(jià)之間的聯(lián)動關(guān)系。 實(shí)證部分分為兩個(gè)部分: 一是為了從整體上把握人民幣匯率與股價(jià)之間的關(guān)系,選擇了人民幣兌美元匯率與滬深300指數(shù)作為實(shí)證研究對象。 二是考慮到不同行業(yè)有著不同特性,它們與人民幣匯率的聯(lián)動可能會有不一樣的表現(xiàn)形式,以往的文獻(xiàn)對這一角度的研究又很少,所以本文接著從行業(yè)指數(shù)的角度對二者的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析,具體選擇了金融行業(yè)指數(shù)、地產(chǎn)行業(yè)指數(shù)、造紙行業(yè)指數(shù)以及紡織行業(yè)指數(shù)作為代表。 在對人民幣兌美元匯率與滬深300指數(shù)進(jìn)行的實(shí)證研究中,選擇的實(shí)證方法與步驟大致如下:首先對各時(shí)間序列進(jìn)行ADF單位根檢驗(yàn),以判斷它們的平穩(wěn)性;在得到二者都是一階平穩(wěn)序列的結(jié)論后,對兩個(gè)序列又進(jìn)行了Johansen協(xié)整檢驗(yàn),這是為了對二者之間是否具有長期穩(wěn)定關(guān)系先有個(gè)初步判斷,而且這也是構(gòu)建向量誤差修正模型的基礎(chǔ);得到了二者具有協(xié)整關(guān)系的結(jié)論后,本文構(gòu)建了向量誤差修正模型,目的是要得到二者之間長期和短期影響的量化數(shù)據(jù)。最后,本文又對二者進(jìn)行了格蘭杰因果關(guān)系檢驗(yàn),以判定一方的變化是否確切由另外一方引起。 具體的實(shí)證結(jié)果總結(jié)如下:人民幣兌美元匯率和滬深300指數(shù)都是一階單整序列,二者之間具有協(xié)整關(guān)系,且都是對方的格蘭杰因果原因。從長期來看,二者之間具有穩(wěn)定的反向關(guān)系,即人民幣幣值的上升會伴隨著滬深300指數(shù)的上升,而滬深300指數(shù)的上升又會進(jìn)一步推動人民幣幣值的上升;從短期來看,人民幣兌美元匯率的變動對滬深300指數(shù)的影響要大于滬深300指數(shù)的變動對人民幣兌美元匯率的影響,后者很小。 在總結(jié)了實(shí)證結(jié)果之后,本文進(jìn)行了具體分析。首先,對于二者為什么在長期呈現(xiàn)反向關(guān)系,本文從貨幣供應(yīng)量、利率、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易、國際資本流動這幾個(gè)角度進(jìn)行了細(xì)致地分析。然后,對于短期內(nèi)人民幣兌美元匯率的變動對滬深300指數(shù)的影響較大這一結(jié)論,本文認(rèn)為主要原因在于短期內(nèi)我國的企業(yè)缺乏匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概念,應(yīng)對匯率波動的經(jīng)驗(yàn)較少,水平較低,因而經(jīng)營狀況和股價(jià)水平都容易受到匯率變動的影響。最后,對于短期內(nèi)滬深300指數(shù)的變動對人民幣兌美元匯率的影響較小這一結(jié)論,本文認(rèn)為主要原因在于我國的利率市場化水平不高以及資本項(xiàng)目仍受管制,股價(jià)向匯率進(jìn)行傳導(dǎo)的中介未能正常地發(fā)揮作用。 為了更好地利用現(xiàn)階段人民幣幣值上漲對股市整體的推動作用以及應(yīng)對人民幣匯率彈性進(jìn)一步加大可能對股市產(chǎn)生的不良影響,本文從加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級、加強(qiáng)對短期投機(jī)性資本的監(jiān)管、合理運(yùn)用外匯衍生工具等方面給出了政策建議。 最后,為了更好地了解人民幣匯率與不同行業(yè)股價(jià)間的關(guān)系,本文又從金融行業(yè)、地產(chǎn)行業(yè)、造紙行業(yè)以及紡織行業(yè)這幾個(gè)角度分別進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,并對具體結(jié)果給出了相應(yīng)分析以及政策建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新主要體現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面: 一是國內(nèi)外的文獻(xiàn)對匯率與股價(jià)之間關(guān)系的研究多是從整個(gè)股票市場的角度著手,忽略了各個(gè)行業(yè)不同的特性。為了彌補(bǔ)這一不足,本文在對匯率與股價(jià)整體水平進(jìn)行研究的基礎(chǔ)上,選取了金融行業(yè)指數(shù)、地產(chǎn)行業(yè)指數(shù)、造紙行業(yè)指數(shù)以及紡織行業(yè)指數(shù)來對人民幣兌美元匯率與各個(gè)行業(yè)指數(shù)之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行探討。 二是在數(shù)據(jù)選取上,本文選擇滬深300指數(shù)作為中國股票市場價(jià)格運(yùn)行情況的代表,原因主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:第一,過去的文獻(xiàn)多是使用上證綜指來研究人民幣匯率與股價(jià)的聯(lián)動關(guān)系,本文想通過對滬深300指數(shù)的選用,來從另一個(gè)角度探討人民幣與股價(jià)的聯(lián)動關(guān)系。第二,滬深300指數(shù)的樣本選自于滬深兩個(gè)證券市場,相較于上證綜指和深證綜指等指數(shù),可以更好的反映中國股票市場整體的走勢。
[Abstract]:In this context , it is of practical significance to understand the relationship between the exchange rate and the stock market , especially the relationship between the exchange rate and stock price .
In order to clarify the linkage between RMB exchange rate and stock price , this paper analyzes theoretically and empirically .
The model points out that the fluctuation of the exchange rate can affect the company ' s external competitiveness and then affect the whole stock market . The model points out that the fluctuation of the exchange rate can affect the company ' s cash flow and stock price , which can affect the whole stock market . The model points out that the fluctuation of the stock price can cause the change of capital flow and the supply and demand of money , and the change of exchange rate is determined by the supply and demand of money .
It can be seen from the introduction of the two models that the conduction between the exchange rate and the stock price requires the help of other variables , so the paper introduces how these intermediate variables act as the conduction paths between the exchange rate and the stock price . These intermediate variables include basic money supply , interest rate , import and export trade , international capital flow and psychological expectation .
The empirical part is divided into two parts :
One is to grasp the relationship between RMB exchange rate and stock price from the whole , and choose RMB exchange rate and Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index as an empirical research object .
Second , considering that different industries have different characteristics , their linkage with RMB exchange rate may have different forms , and the previous literature has little research on this angle , so this paper analyzes the relationship between them from the angle of industry index , and selects the financial industry index , real estate industry index , paper industry index and textile industry index as the representative .
In the empirical research on the RMB exchange rate and the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index , the empirical method and the steps are as follows : firstly , performing ADF unit root test on each time sequence to judge their stationarity ;
After the conclusion of the first order stable sequence , Johansen co - integration test is carried out on two sequences , which is the basis of constructing vector error correction model in order to have a preliminary judgement on whether there is long - term stable relationship between them .
A vector error correction model is constructed to obtain quantitative data with long - term and short - term effects .
The empirical results are summarized as follows : Both the RMB exchange rate and the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index are single - order sequences , there is a co - integration relationship between the RMB and the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index . In the long term , there is a stable reverse relationship between the two , that is , the rise of the value of the RMB is accompanied by the rise of the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index , and the rise of the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index will further promote the rise of the value of the RMB ;
In the short term , the impact of the RMB exchange rate on the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index is greater than that of the Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index , which is very small .
After summarizing the positive results , this paper makes a detailed analysis . First of all , this paper analyzes the influence of the exchange rate fluctuation on the RMB exchange rate in the short term , which is mainly because of the lack of the concept of exchange rate risk in the short term .
In order to make better use of the promotion of RMB currency increase to the whole stock market , and to deal with the adverse effect of RMB exchange rate elasticity on the stock market , this paper puts forward some policy suggestions from accelerating the upgrading of industrial structure , strengthening supervision on short - term speculative capital , and rationally using foreign exchange derivatives .
Finally , in order to better understand the relationship between RMB exchange rate and stock price of different industries , this paper also makes an empirical analysis from the angles of the financial industry , real estate industry , paper industry and textile industry , and gives the corresponding analysis and policy suggestions to the concrete results .
The innovation of this paper is mainly embodied in two aspects :
First , the research on the relationship between exchange rate and stock price is from the angle of the whole stock market , and the different characteristics of each industry are neglected . In order to make up for this deficiency , the paper discusses the relationship between RMB exchange rate and industry index based on the research on the whole level of exchange rate and stock price , and selects the index of financial industry , real estate industry index , paper industry index and textile industry index .
Second , the paper tries to explore the linkage between RMB exchange rate and stock price by using Shanghai - Shenzhen 300 index as the representative of the price operation of Chinese stock market . The paper tries to explore the linkage between RMB and stock price from another perspective . The second , Shanghai - Shenzhen - 300 index is selected from two securities markets in Shanghai and Shenzhen , which can better reflect the overall trend of China ' s stock market .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:F832.51;F832.6;F224
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