【摘要】：慈善市場與現(xiàn)代慈善事業(yè)相伴而生,實(shí)現(xiàn)供需平衡是慈善市場的天然追求。由于信息不對稱,我國慈善市場存在嚴(yán)重的結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡:捐助數(shù)量上的失效、捐助倫理上的失序和捐助主體間的失衡。結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡既影響了社會底線公平,也影響社會對慈善事業(yè)的認(rèn)同與參與熱情。信息不對稱是多維和多層的,總體上可分為主觀層面和技術(shù)層面的信息不對稱。慈善市場也具有層次性,主要由Ⅰ類市場(以社會捐獻(xiàn)為主)和Ⅱ類市場(以政府補(bǔ)貼為主)構(gòu)成。分類考察后發(fā)現(xiàn),"信息缺位和信息盲視下的沖動型配置"是我國慈善市場資源對接過程的真實(shí)寫照,故優(yōu)化信息生態(tài)刻不容緩。優(yōu)化信息生態(tài)的主要路徑包括樹立"信息"意識,明確資源配置應(yīng)以結(jié)果和需求為導(dǎo)向;認(rèn)清慈善信息的獨(dú)特性;加強(qiáng)信息制度建設(shè),如完善信息采集、披露和共享、評估的機(jī)制,并強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)由政府領(lǐng)銜信息生態(tài)的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Charity market and modern philanthropy come into being together. It is the natural pursuit of charity market to realize the balance of supply and demand. Due to the asymmetry of information, there is a serious structural imbalance in the charity market in China, such as the invalidation of the amount of donations, the disorder of donation ethics and the imbalance between donors. The structural imbalance not only affects the social bottom line fairness, but also affects the social identity and enthusiasm for charity. Information asymmetry is multidimensional and multi-layer, which can be divided into subjective level and technical level. The charity market is also hierarchical, mainly composed of type I market (mainly social donation) and type II market (mainly government subsidy). After classified investigation, it is found that "information absence and impulsive allocation under information blindness" is a true portrayal of the docking process of Chinese philanthropic market resources, so it is urgent to optimize information ecology. The main ways to optimize the information ecology include establishing the consciousness of "information", making clear that the allocation of resources should be oriented to the result and demand, recognizing the uniqueness of charitable information. Strengthening the construction of information system, such as perfecting the mechanism of information collection, disclosure, sharing and evaluation, and emphasizing that the government should lead the construction of information ecology.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)公共事務(wù)學(xué)院;
【基金】：福建省社會科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“政府購買服務(wù)與社會保障的公共性”(2014B215)
【分類號】：D632.9

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