【摘要】：電力普遍服務(wù)旨在保證包括偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)在內(nèi)的全體公民能夠以可承受的電價(jià)享受基本電力服務(wù),以提高社會(huì)福利水平。所以刻畫和衡量電力普遍服務(wù)社會(huì)福利是評(píng)價(jià)電力普遍服務(wù)實(shí)施效果的重要方面。電力普遍服務(wù)具有公共政策屬性,其政策的普適性與個(gè)體福利的差異性存在矛盾,造成福利漏損,影響電力普遍服務(wù)的實(shí)施效果。依據(jù)福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué),社會(huì)福利函數(shù)是衡量社會(huì)福利水平的有效工具,而福利漏損是由社會(huì)實(shí)際福利水平與期望福利水平之間的差值決定。所以,本文將通過(guò)構(gòu)建電力普遍服務(wù)函數(shù)和福利漏損模型來(lái)衡量電力普遍服務(wù)的社會(huì)福利狀況,評(píng)價(jià)電力普遍服務(wù)政策的實(shí)施效果,為政府調(diào)整和優(yōu)化電力普遍服務(wù)實(shí)施政策提供參考借鑒。論文主要包括四個(gè)部分：第一部分研究了影響電力普遍服務(wù)受助個(gè)體福利的主要因素。影響電力普遍服務(wù)受助個(gè)體福利的因素可分為客觀和主觀兩個(gè)方面,本文根據(jù)顧客滿意度理論,運(yùn)用因子分析和Logistic回歸模型對(duì)影響受助個(gè)體福利的18個(gè)因素進(jìn)行了計(jì)量分析,得到了影響受助個(gè)體福利的主要因素。第二部分分析了受助個(gè)體的福利效應(yīng)。依據(jù)主客觀影響因素的作用機(jī)理,本文運(yùn)用消費(fèi)者均衡理論和效用理論建立了由收入水平影響的個(gè)體客觀福利函數(shù)；運(yùn)用累積前景理論建立了由受教育程度影響的個(gè)體主觀福利函數(shù),并依據(jù)“可行能力”理論建立了受助個(gè)體福利函數(shù)。第三部分構(gòu)建了電力普遍服務(wù)社會(huì)福利函數(shù),刻畫了福利漏損機(jī)理。本文闡述了電力普遍服務(wù)的公平效率原則；驗(yàn)證了受助個(gè)體福利的基數(shù)可比性,并基于傳統(tǒng)效用主義建立社會(huì)福利函數(shù)；基于電力普遍服務(wù)的公平效率觀,提出了基本電量的確定方法,分析了由公共政策性所導(dǎo)致的福利漏損機(jī)理。第四部分進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究。本文以云南某電力普遍服務(wù)受助地區(qū)為例,測(cè)算了該地區(qū)的社會(huì)福利水平及福利漏損值,驗(yàn)證了電力普遍服務(wù)社會(huì)福利函數(shù)及福利漏損機(jī)理的合理性和可行性。據(jù)此,本文得到了影響受助個(gè)體福利的因素主要有人均收入、用電量等客觀因素以及受教育程度、職業(yè)狀況等主觀因素；構(gòu)建了包含主客觀影響因素的電力普遍服務(wù)受助個(gè)體的福利函數(shù)；提出了“公平基礎(chǔ)上效率”原則的電力普遍服務(wù)公平效率觀,建立了電力普遍服務(wù)社會(huì)福利函數(shù),分析了由公共政策性所導(dǎo)致的福利漏損機(jī)理；并通過(guò)實(shí)證研究驗(yàn)證了理論和模型的可靠性。
[Abstract]:Universal access to electricity is designed to ensure that all citizens, including in remote areas, have access to basic electricity services at affordable prices in order to improve social welfare. So it is an important aspect to describe and measure the social welfare of power universal service. The universal service of electric power has the attribute of public policy, the universality of its policy and the difference of individual welfare exist contradiction, cause welfare leakage, affect the effect of the implementation of general service of electric power. According to the welfare economics, the social welfare function is an effective tool to measure the social welfare level, and the welfare leakage is determined by the difference between the social actual welfare level and the expected welfare level. Therefore, this paper will build universal service function and welfare leakage model to measure the social welfare situation of power universal service, and evaluate the implementation effect of power universal service policy. It provides reference for the government to adjust and optimize the power universal service implementation policy. This paper mainly includes four parts: the first part studies the main factors that affect the welfare of power universal service recipients. The factors influencing the individual welfare of the general service of electric power can be divided into two aspects: objective and subjective. According to the theory of customer satisfaction, this paper uses factor analysis and Logistic regression model to analyze the 18 factors that affect the individual welfare. The main factors affecting the welfare of the recipient are obtained. The second part analyzes the welfare effect of the recipient. According to the action mechanism of subjective and objective influencing factors, this paper establishes individual objective welfare function influenced by income level by using consumer equilibrium theory and utility theory. The subjective welfare function influenced by the education level is established by using the cumulative foreground theory, and the welfare function of the aided individual is established according to the theory of "feasible ability". In the third part, the social welfare function of universal service is constructed, and the mechanism of welfare leakage is described. This paper expounds the principle of fairness and efficiency of power universal service, verifies the comparability of individual welfare base, and establishes social welfare function based on traditional utility. The method of determining basic electricity quantity is put forward, and the mechanism of welfare leakage caused by public policy is analyzed. The fourth part carries on the empirical research. In this paper, the social welfare level and welfare leakage value of a power universal service recipient area in Yunnan Province are calculated, and the rationality and feasibility of social welfare function and welfare leakage mechanism of power universal service are verified. On this basis, this paper obtains that the main factors that affect the welfare of the recipient are the objective factors, such as per capita income, electricity consumption, and subjective factors such as education level, professional status and so on. This paper constructs the welfare function of the power universal service recipient including subjective and objective factors, puts forward the fair efficiency view of the power universal service based on the principle of efficiency on the basis of equity, and establishes the social welfare function of the power universal service. The mechanism of welfare leakage caused by public policy is analyzed, and the reliability of theory and model is verified by empirical research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;D632.1

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