【摘要】：公共服務(wù)的政府采購行為發(fā)源在西方資本主義國家,在具體實踐中,西方國家發(fā)展出了合同出租、公私合營、用戶付費(fèi)、憑單制等操作制度。實踐證明,購買公共服務(wù)有助于提高效率、降低成本,提升質(zhì)量。本文首先對政府購買公共服務(wù)的相關(guān)概念和理論進(jìn)行了回顧,對政府、公共服務(wù)、社會組織等相關(guān)概念做了界定,對公共產(chǎn)品理論、新公共管理學(xué)理論、績效管理理論做了介紹和總結(jié)。在對W區(qū)目前已經(jīng)開展的政府購買公共服務(wù)的類型與項目簡要介紹后,歸納總結(jié)出規(guī)�？偭砍掷m(xù)擴(kuò)大、方式類型全面多樣、購買成效初步顯現(xiàn)等三方面的特點。通過對相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)和案例的分析,得出了規(guī)模比例仍然較低,實施領(lǐng)域缺乏界定及范圍有限,政策導(dǎo)向性明顯及購買競爭力不強(qiáng),缺乏購買價格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化核算方法亟須完善四個主要問題,在進(jìn)一步對問題進(jìn)行分析后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了認(rèn)識理念有待提升、制度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)亟需完善、社會組織不夠壯大、缺乏購買公共服務(wù)有效監(jiān)管四個主要原因。同時,為了更好的推進(jìn)課題研究,還專題赴寧波市海曙區(qū)、無錫市錫山區(qū)兩個地區(qū)進(jìn)行了調(diào)研,獲取了兩地政府在推進(jìn)政府購買公共服務(wù)方面的成功經(jīng)驗。兩地在推進(jìn)政府購買公共服務(wù)方面開展的較早,也取得了較好的社會效果�？傮w而言,海曙區(qū)的做法主要是自下而上型,主要都是基層的自發(fā)實踐。錫山區(qū)的做法主要是自上而下型,主要是基于上級的統(tǒng)一部署而展開。兩地的不同表現(xiàn)也與江浙兩地分別注重外資和民資的發(fā)展模式所吻合,有力的證明了經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)對上層建筑的決定作用。同時,還介紹了西方國家政府購買公共服務(wù)的情況,歸納了有關(guān)經(jīng)驗。在上述工作的基礎(chǔ)上,本文最后就W區(qū)政府購買公共服務(wù)的改進(jìn)措施進(jìn)行了一些探討,并提出了加大宣傳,強(qiáng)化對政府購買公共服務(wù)的意義認(rèn)知;準(zhǔn)確定位,明確政府在購買公共服務(wù)中的角色;制定政府購買公共服務(wù)清單,壯大社會組織力量;提高政府購買公共服務(wù)的競爭性;確定合理政府采購模式,提升公共服務(wù)效率等5項建議舉措,以期為W區(qū)政府進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)購買公共服務(wù)提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The government procurement of public service originated in the western capitalist countries. In practice, the western countries have developed operating systems such as contract lease, public-private joint venture, user payment, voucher system, and so on. Practice has proved that the purchase of public services will help to improve efficiency, reduce costs and improve quality. This paper first reviews the relevant concepts and theories of government purchasing public service, defines the related concepts of government, public service, social organization and so on, and makes a definition of the theory of public goods and the theory of new public management. The theory of performance management is introduced and summarized. After a brief introduction of the types and projects of the public service purchased by the government in W area, the author summarizes the three characteristics of the government's purchase of public services, such as the continuous expansion of the total scale, the comprehensive diversity of the modes, and the initial effectiveness of the purchase. Through the analysis of relevant data and cases, it is concluded that the scale ratio is still low, the scope of implementation is limited, the policy orientation is obvious and the purchasing competitiveness is not strong. It is urgent to perfect the four main problems in the lack of standardized accounting method of purchase price. After further analysis of the problems, it is found that the understanding idea needs to be improved, the system standard needs to be improved urgently, and the social organization is not strong enough. There are four main reasons for the lack of effective supervision over the purchase of public services. At the same time, in order to better promote the topic research, also went to Ningbo Haishu District, Wuxi City Xishan two areas of research, to obtain the two governments in the promotion of government procurement of public services successful experience. The two places in the promotion of government purchase of public services earlier, but also achieved better social results. Overall, Haishu District's practice is mainly from the bottom-up type, mainly grass-roots spontaneous practice. The practice of Xishan is mainly top-down, mainly based on the unified deployment of the higher level. The different performance of the two places is also consistent with the development model of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which proves that the economic base plays a decisive role in the superstructure. At the same time, it also introduces the situation of western governments buying public services and summarizes the relevant experience. On the basis of the above work, this paper finally discusses the improvement measures of the government purchasing public service in W district, and puts forward some suggestions on how to increase publicity, strengthen the understanding of the significance of government purchase of public service, and locate the public service accurately. Clear the role of government in the purchase of public services; make government purchase list of public services, strengthen social organization; improve the competitiveness of government to purchase public services; determine a reasonable government procurement model, To improve the efficiency of public services and other five measures to provide a reference for the W District Government to further improve the purchase of public services.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D630

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