【摘要】：根據(jù)民政部官方網(wǎng)站顯示,截止2016年第四季度,我國社會(huì)組織在其數(shù)量上已達(dá)到69.9萬個(gè)。自十八大以來,相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)表明社會(huì)組織正在以一種全新的生命力出現(xiàn)在市民生活中,成為社會(huì)建設(shè)的高效主體,符合復(fù)雜環(huán)境下、社會(huì)治理中多元主體共同參與特點(diǎn),在實(shí)踐中突破了以往社會(huì)管理中政府是唯一的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)的格局,多元治理逐漸取代國家或政府的一元治理。馬克思市民社會(huì)理論所具有的的研究價(jià)值不是幾個(gè)人、幾行字就能說明的,其著作中所涉及的有關(guān)“社會(huì)組織”表述成為學(xué)術(shù)界當(dāng)前研究治理體系、治理能力的關(guān)鍵因素。馬克思在批判的繼承黑格爾市民社會(huì)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,提出市民社會(huì)的本質(zhì)是“物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的總和”,正是存在這種物質(zhì)交往關(guān)系,從群眾中發(fā)展起來的社會(huì)組織逐步成為社會(huì)建設(shè)中不可或缺的治理主體。它滿足了人民結(jié)社的需要,在發(fā)展中實(shí)現(xiàn)了人的全面而自由的發(fā)展,為我國社會(huì)建設(shè)提供了充足的人力資源,逐步形成全面參與的、多管齊下的、和諧因素不斷擴(kuò)大的基礎(chǔ)性治理。但這對(duì)尚處于“幼兒”期的社會(huì)組織來說無疑是個(gè)艱巨的重任,因?yàn)榄h(huán)境的不成熟、制度的不健全、能力欠缺等阻礙因素,使社會(huì)組織不能最大限度的發(fā)揮作用。本文以發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、提出解決方案為線索展開論述,通過對(duì)社會(huì)組織參與社會(huì)治理的困境加以分析,從而提出促進(jìn)社會(huì)組織更加全面的參與到社會(huì)治理的對(duì)策。本文通過文獻(xiàn)分析法、系統(tǒng)分析法、理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際發(fā)和多學(xué)科相互借鑒法展開論述,系統(tǒng)闡述了馬克思市民社會(huì)理論中社會(huì)組織的相關(guān)論述,圍繞市民社會(huì)與政治國家的關(guān)系,提出政治國家是由家庭和社會(huì)組織構(gòu)成的論點(diǎn),繼而論述市民社會(huì)理論下馬克思提出社會(huì)組織在資本主義社會(huì)所具有的作用,將其同當(dāng)前我國社會(huì)發(fā)展的具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合,提出社會(huì)組織參與社會(huì)治理在社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的必要性;以現(xiàn)實(shí)中社會(huì)組織參與社會(huì)治理所面臨的困境為出發(fā)點(diǎn),從而提出加強(qiáng)社會(huì)組織參與社會(huì)治理的對(duì)策。社會(huì)治理的根本出發(fā)點(diǎn)在于人民的根本利益,所承擔(dān)的目標(biāo)指向是實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)和諧,社會(huì)治理不能單憑國家和政府,社會(huì)其他成員也應(yīng)當(dāng)參加到社會(huì)建設(shè)的過程中。當(dāng)前,社會(huì)組織逐漸成為治理中的佼佼者,其重要性在治理中日漸凸顯,作用在治理中逐漸發(fā)揮到最大,構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)工作在于把握其規(guī)律,加強(qiáng)其管理,發(fā)揮其功能,實(shí)現(xiàn)其價(jià)值。社會(huì)組織參與社會(huì)治理已成為新時(shí)代下以馬克思主義為根本指導(dǎo)的新實(shí)踐,為實(shí)現(xiàn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化提供了現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As of the fourth quarter of 2016, the number of social organizations in China has reached 699,000, according to the official website of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, relevant data show that social organizations are emerging in the life of citizens with a new vitality, and have become highly effective subjects in social construction, in line with the characteristics of joint participation of multiple subjects in social governance in the complex environment. In practice, it breaks through the pattern that the government is the only authoritative organization in the social management in the past, and the pluralistic governance gradually replaces the unitary governance of the state or the government. The research value of Marx's civil society theory is not a few people, but can be explained by a few lines. The expression of "social organization" involved in his works has become the key factor of the current research on governance system and governance ability in academic circles. On the basis of critically inheriting Hegel's theory of civil society, Marx put forward that the essence of civil society is "the summation of material relations of production". The social organization developed from the masses has gradually become an indispensable governance subject in social construction. It satisfies the needs of the people's association, realizes the all-round and free development of human beings in the course of development, provides adequate human resources for the social construction of our country, and gradually forms a fully participatory and multi-pronged one. Harmonious factor expands continuously the foundational management. However, this is undoubtedly an arduous task for the social organizations which are still in the period of "early childhood", because of the immaturity of the environment, the imperfection of the system, the lack of ability and other hindrance factors, which make the social organization unable to play its role to the maximum extent. This paper discusses the problems and puts forward solutions to the problems, and analyzes the predicament of social organizations' participation in social governance, and then puts forward some countermeasures to promote social organizations to participate in social governance more comprehensively. This paper discusses the social organization in Marx's civil society theory by literature analysis, system analysis, theory combined with practice and multi-disciplinary mutual reference method, which revolves around the relationship between civil society and political state. It puts forward the argument that the political state is composed of family and social organization, and then discusses Marx's function of social organization in capitalist society under the theory of civil society, and combines it with the concrete reality of social development in our country at present. This paper puts forward the necessity of social organization participating in social governance in socialist society, and puts forward the countermeasures to strengthen social organization's participation in social governance, taking the predicament that social organization faces in social governance in reality as the starting point. The fundamental starting point of social governance lies in the fundamental interests of the people. The goal of social governance is to realize social harmony. Social governance cannot be based solely on the state and government, and other members of society should also participate in the process of social construction. At present, the social organization has gradually become a leader in governance, its importance is becoming increasingly prominent in governance, and its role is gradually playing the largest role in governance. The basic work of building a harmonious society lies in grasping its laws, strengthening its management, and giving play to its functions. Realize its value. The participation of social organizations in social governance has become a new practice under the guidance of Marxism in the new era, which provides a realistic foundation for the modernization of national governance system and governance ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：喀什大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D630

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