發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-05 10:37

【摘要】：盧旺達(dá)曾經(jīng)是世界上為數(shù)不多的進(jìn)行過(guò)民族識(shí)別并在身份文件上明確登記公民民族身份的國(guó)家之一。比利時(shí)殖民當(dāng)局1933年在盧旺達(dá)進(jìn)行的民族識(shí)別及隨后開(kāi)始執(zhí)行的強(qiáng)調(diào)人們種族差別的民族身份登記制度是盧旺達(dá)持續(xù)幾十年的沖突和紛爭(zhēng)的重要根源之一。獨(dú)立后,胡圖族主導(dǎo)的盧旺達(dá)政府在繼承過(guò)去殖民當(dāng)局的民族身份登記制度的同時(shí),也使整個(gè)國(guó)家延續(xù)了過(guò)去的民族沖突和紛爭(zhēng),這種沖突和紛爭(zhēng)在1994年大屠殺中達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)。1994年種族大屠殺后,盧旺達(dá)新政府在深刻反思?xì)v史的基礎(chǔ)上,廢除了通行60多年的民族身份登記制度。盧旺達(dá)有關(guān)民族身份建構(gòu)與解構(gòu)的歷程對(duì)其他多民族國(guó)家處理民族問(wèn)題有一定的啟示意義。
[Abstract]:Rwanda was once one of the few countries in the world to have identified and clearly registered its citizens on identity documents. The national identification carried out by the Belgian colonial authorities in Rwanda in 1933 and the subsequent implementation of the national identity registration system, which emphasizes ethnic differences, is one of the major sources of conflict and strife in Rwanda for decades. After independence, the Hutu dominated Government of Rwanda, while inheriting the national identity registration system of the former colonial authorities, also allowed the entire country to perpetuate the ethnic conflicts and strife of the past. This conflict and strife culminated in the 1994 Holocaust. After the 1994 genocide, the new Government of Rwanda, on the basis of a profound rethinking of history, abolished the national identity registration system, which had prevailed for more than 60 years. The course of constructing and deconstructing national identity in Rwanda has some enlightenment significance for other multinational countries to deal with ethnic problems.
【作者單位】： 西華師范大學(xué)政治學(xué)研究所;
【基金】：西華師范大學(xué)2013年博士啟動(dòng)基金項(xiàng)目“當(dāng)代中國(guó)民族問(wèn)題國(guó)際化研究”(13E015)的階段性成果 西華師范大學(xué)基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C955
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本文編號(hào)：2165542