【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和扶貧成效的顯現(xiàn),老區(qū)、山區(qū)、民族地區(qū)和移民庫區(qū)等集中連片的特殊貧困區(qū)已經(jīng)成為我國當前精準扶貧的主戰(zhàn)場。由于面臨生產(chǎn)資料匱乏、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化和地質(zhì)災害頻發(fā)等惡劣環(huán)境,庫區(qū)移民貧困問題已成為新時期扶貧攻堅最難啃的"硬骨頭"。因此,開展庫區(qū)移民貧困致因的精準識別與減貧路徑研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義�；趯靺^(qū)移民貧困現(xiàn)狀的扎根理論分析,本文提出了分析農(nóng)戶生計的新框架。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文以三峽庫區(qū)26個縣(區(qū))為研究對象,隨機抽取4縣(區(qū))796戶移民作為樣本,首先,采用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法和熵權(quán)法對庫區(qū)移民主要致貧因子進行挖掘;接著,采用PLS-SEM模型分析影響庫區(qū)移民生計狀況的關(guān)鍵因子和關(guān)鍵路徑。研究表明:(1)三峽庫區(qū)移民貧困現(xiàn)象仍很嚴重,患病、勞動能力弱和失地是移民致貧的三大主因。三峽庫區(qū)仍有175.94萬人生活在貧困線以下,三大致貧原因依次是:因病致貧26.49%、因勞動能力弱致貧22.10%和失地致貧21.65%。(2)心理資本可有效促進移民其他資本效能的發(fā)揮,對生計狀況存在著顯著的直接效應和間接效應。(3)在影響生計狀況的四類資本中,人力資本對庫區(qū)移民生計狀況影響最大�；谝陨习l(fā)現(xiàn),本文提出了實現(xiàn)庫區(qū)移民精準脫貧的政策建議:(1)國家應高度重視三峽庫區(qū)移民貧困問題,大力開展精準扶貧;(2)增加心理干預措施以提高移民心理資本存量,幫助移民擺脫心理貧困;(3)開展勞動力技能培訓,提高庫區(qū)移民人力資本水平。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy and the effect of poverty alleviation, the special poverty-stricken areas, such as the old areas, mountainous areas, minority areas and immigrant reservoir areas, have become the main battlefield of precision poverty alleviation in our country at present. In the face of the shortage of means of production, the deterioration of ecological environment and the frequent occurrence of geological disasters, the poverty problem of immigrants in the reservoir area has become the most difficult "hard bone" in the new period. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out accurate identification of poverty causes and research on poverty reduction path in reservoir area. Based on the theoretical analysis of the poverty situation of immigrants in the reservoir area, this paper puts forward a new framework for the analysis of farmers' livelihood. On this basis, taking 26 counties (districts) in the three Gorges Reservoir area as the research object, 796 families of migrants from 4 counties (districts) are randomly selected as samples. Firstly, the main poverty factors of migrants in the reservoir area are excavated by using grey relational analysis method and entropy weight method. PLS-SEM model was used to analyze the key factors and critical paths affecting the livelihood of migrants in the reservoir area. The results show that: (1) the poverty of emigrants in the three Gorges Reservoir area is still very serious, the illness, the weakness of labor ability and the loss of land are the three main causes of the poverty caused by the emigrants. There are still 1.7594 million people living below the poverty line in the three Gorges Reservoir area. The three major causes of poverty are: 26.49 poverty caused by illness, 22.10% poverty caused by weak labor ability and 21.65% poverty caused by loss of land. (2) Psychological capital can effectively promote the efficiency of other capital of migrants. There are significant direct and indirect effects on the livelihood status. (3) among the four types of capital which affect the livelihood status human capital has the greatest impact on the livelihood status of migrants in the reservoir area. Based on the above findings, this paper puts forward some policy recommendations for achieving accurate poverty relief for migrants in the reservoir area: (1) the state should attach great importance to the poverty problem of migrants in the three Gorges Reservoir area, and vigorously carry out precision poverty alleviation; (2) increase psychological intervention measures to improve the stock of psychological capital of migrants. (3) carrying out labor skills training to improve the level of human capital of migrants in the reservoir area.
【作者單位】： 中國地質(zhì)大學(武漢)經(jīng)濟管理學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目“生態(tài)環(huán)境和地質(zhì)災害孕貧機制與減貧策略研究——以三峽庫區(qū)為例”(批準號:71473231)
【分類號】：F061.3

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1 李文靜;帥傳敏;帥鈺;程欣;劉s，

本文編號：2127271