本文選題：行政參與 + 目標群體�。� 參考：《西南交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著民主意識的增強,公民越來越多的參與到公共政策的執(zhí)行過程中。公民的參與一方面提高了政策制定的科學性和民主性,另一方面也給政策的執(zhí)行帶來了困擾。公民基于自身利益的考慮,經(jīng)常在參與政策的執(zhí)行過程中做出一些非倫理性行為,影響政策的順利執(zhí)行。本文分析了國內外對倫理決策模型和公共政策執(zhí)行的基本研究現(xiàn)狀,并對公民非倫理行為和政策執(zhí)行的影響因素做了解釋說明。通過對現(xiàn)有文獻資料的分析,得到行政參與中公民非倫理行為的產(chǎn)生動機、行為過程、對政策執(zhí)行的影響方式以及影響的后果等結論。產(chǎn)生的動機源于政策執(zhí)行的偏差；行為過程符合一般決策過程；對政策執(zhí)行的影響方式包括抵制和反對、干預和影響、利用和規(guī)避、漠視和拖延。對政策執(zhí)行的影響主要有積極和消極影響兩個方面,其中消極的影響占主要的地位。在文獻分析的基礎上,本文選用典型案例進行深入分析。根據(jù)公民非倫理行為對政策執(zhí)行的不同作用方式,本研究選取銀川出租車罷運事件、楊凌拆遷事件、家電下鄉(xiāng)買舊換新、個稅申報四個案例,通過對文件記錄、間接收集資料、半結構式訪談等基本研究方法,對案例進行匹配分析,并總結相關案例分析特征,試圖通過一般性結論來構建模型。在已有倫理決策模型和政策執(zhí)行模型的基礎上,提出了行政參與中公民非倫理行為的決策過程模型和公民非倫理行為對政策執(zhí)行影響的模型。得出三個基本結論,即行政參與中公民倫理決策過程要考慮行為的政治獎懲和他人因素、公民非倫理行為與政策執(zhí)行四因素之間是相互影響的關系、政府可以通過控制政策執(zhí)行四因素來控制公民非倫理行為的發(fā)生。在理論分析的基礎上,本研究第六部分對避免公民非倫理行為發(fā)生、提高行政執(zhí)行的效率提出了一些政策建議。主要包括提高公共政策制定質量、提高政策執(zhí)行主體素質、提高目標群體參與素質、優(yōu)化政策執(zhí)行環(huán)境等。
[Abstract]:With the strengthening of democratic consciousness, citizens are more and more involved in the implementation of public policy. On the one hand, citizen participation improves the scientific and democratic nature of policy making, on the other hand, it brings difficulties to the implementation of policy. Based on the consideration of self-interest, citizens often make some non-ethical behaviors in the process of participating in the implementation of policies, which affect the smooth implementation of policies. This paper analyzes the basic research status of ethical decision-making model and public policy implementation at home and abroad, and explains the influencing factors of citizen's non-ethical behavior and policy implementation. Based on the analysis of the existing literature, the author draws the conclusion that the citizen's non-ethical behavior in the process of administrative participation is motivated, the process of behavior, the way of influence on the policy implementation and the consequences of the influence, and so on. The motivation comes from the deviation of the policy implementation; the behavior process accords with the general decision-making process; the influence ways to the policy implementation include resistance and opposition, intervention and influence, utilization and circumvention, indifference and procrastination. The impact on policy implementation is mainly positive and negative. On the basis of literature analysis, this paper selects typical cases for in-depth analysis. According to the different functions of citizens' non-ethical behavior on policy implementation, this study selects four cases: Yinchuan Taxi strike, Yang Ling demolition, Home Appliances purchase and replacement, personal tax reporting, and indirectly collecting data by recording documents. The basic research methods, such as semi-structured interview, are used to analyze the case matching, and summarize the characteristics of the relevant case analysis, and try to build the model through the general conclusions. Based on the existing ethical decision-making model and policy implementation model, the decision process model of citizen's non-ethical behavior in administrative participation and the model of the influence of citizen's non-ethical behavior on policy implementation are put forward. Three basic conclusions are drawn, that is, the political rewards and punishments of behavior and other factors should be considered in the process of citizen ethical decision-making in the process of administrative participation, and the relationship between non-ethical behavior of citizens and four factors of policy implementation is mutual influence. The government can control the occurrence of citizen's non-ethical behavior by controlling four factors of policy implementation. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the sixth part of this study puts forward some policy suggestions to avoid the occurrence of non-ethical behavior of citizens and to improve the efficiency of administrative execution. It mainly includes improving the quality of public policy making, improving the quality of the main body of policy execution, improving the quality of participation of the target group, optimizing the environment of policy implementation, etc.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D035

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本文編號：2113495