本文選題：國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化 + 行政審批　； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化是新時(shí)期下我國(guó)全面深化改革的總目標(biāo),是發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的必然要求。改革開放以來(lái),現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)飛速發(fā)展,與此同時(shí),全球化、市場(chǎng)化、工業(yè)化、信息化的浪潮也在一次次地考驗(yàn)著我國(guó)的國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力。這些挑戰(zhàn)在國(guó)家治理的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)層面便突出的表現(xiàn)為政府與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),政府“有形的腳”踩住了市場(chǎng)“無(wú)形的手”,讓許多本該不存在的審批事項(xiàng)嚴(yán)重阻礙了市場(chǎng)資源的自由流動(dòng),也阻礙了我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的建立健全。而審批項(xiàng)目的浩繁還成為“有權(quán)就是任性”滋生腐敗的溫床。十八大召開后新一屆政府高調(diào)反腐,從電力、煤炭到交通運(yùn)輸,從教育、醫(yī)療再到證券、金融領(lǐng)域均有落馬高官的身影,而這些“大小老虎”們無(wú)不手握重要的審批權(quán)。在權(quán)力的魅惑下,沒有完善的體制保障和法律制度,官員們很難不滑向欲望的深淵。在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,面對(duì)諸多的矛盾和問(wèn)題,黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)公報(bào)首次提出將“推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化”作為“全面深化改革的總目標(biāo)”1,這一提法站在國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的高度為我國(guó)深化行政審批制度改革提出了新的時(shí)代課題。十八屆三中全會(huì)提出要全面深化改革,如何處理好政府與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系直接關(guān)系到改革的成敗,而行政審批制度改革就是理順政府和市場(chǎng)關(guān)系問(wèn)題的“突破口”和“抓手”。2014年李克強(qiáng)總理在全國(guó)兩會(huì)上提出要公布權(quán)力清單。新一屆政府成立以來(lái),國(guó)務(wù)院多次取消和下放行政審批事項(xiàng),昭示著深化行政審批制度改革對(duì)促進(jìn)當(dāng)下中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重大意義:首先,轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能的重要途徑是深化行政審批制度改革。其次,完善市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)是深化行政審批制度改革。再次,成功建設(shè)法治政府的有力保障是深化政審批制度改革。梳理學(xué)界對(duì)行政審批制度改革的研究可以看出,國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)界的研究涉及學(xué)科較為廣泛,其中涵蓋經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、政治及公共管理學(xué)、法學(xué)等等。研究?jī)?nèi)容包括我國(guó)推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革的意義研究;我國(guó)行政審批制度改革的問(wèn)題研究;深化我國(guó)行政審批制度改革的解決對(duì)策研究等等。國(guó)外學(xué)界則主要是從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的角度對(duì)行政審批制度進(jìn)行研究。其主要觀點(diǎn)分為:公共利益理論;部門利益理論以及從部門利益理論中衍生出的政府審批俘虜理論。其主要研究模式又分為布雷耶爾模式、史普博模式以及施蒂格勒模式。本文試圖從我國(guó)行政審批制度改革的歷史沿革著手,結(jié)合國(guó)外審批改革經(jīng)驗(yàn),緊密聯(lián)系我國(guó)推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革的現(xiàn)實(shí)必要性,對(duì)如何鞏固改革成果、繼續(xù)有效推進(jìn)深化改革展開研究。我國(guó)行政審批體制改革自改革開放起走到今天歷經(jīng)摸索、規(guī)制、推廣和深化四個(gè)階段,取得了不少成績(jī),但仍面臨著政府管理越位、監(jiān)管職能缺位和法律規(guī)范不到位的突出問(wèn)題。當(dāng)前要想進(jìn)一步深化行政審批制度改革,實(shí)施簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán),從根本上推動(dòng)政府職能的轉(zhuǎn)變、完善監(jiān)管體制、健全法律保障是關(guān)鍵所在。
[Abstract]:The modernization of state governance is the general goal of deepening the reform in our country in the new period and the inevitable requirement for the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since the reform and opening up, the modernization is developing rapidly. At the same time, the wave of globalization, marketization, industrialization and information has also tested the national governance system and governance of our country once and again. In the political and economic aspects of national governance, these challenges are highlighted by the relationship between the government and the market. For a long time, the "tangible foot" of the government has stepped on the "invisible hand" of the market, and many of the items that do not exist have seriously hindered the free flow of market resources and hindered the market economy of our country. After the eighteen major convening, the new government has a high profile of anti-corruption, from electricity, coal to transportation, from education, medical treatment to securities, and in the financial field, and these "big and small tigers" have an important examination and approval. Right. Under the enchantment of power, without a perfect system guarantee and legal system, it is difficult for officials to not slide into the abyss of desire. In the critical period of economic and social transformation, facing many contradictions and problems, the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee communique of the party first proposed to "promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity" as "comprehensive and deep". The general goal of the reform of the reform is "1, which puts forward a new era topic for the reform of the administrative examination and approval system in China. In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it is proposed to deepen the reform in an all-round way. How to deal with the relationship between the government and the market is directly related to the success or failure of the reform, and the reform of the administrative examination and approval system is to straighten out the reform. The "breakthrough" and "grasp the hand" of the government and market relations in.2014, in.2014, put forward the list of power to publish. Since the founding of the new government, the State Council has repeatedly cancelled and decentralizes the administrative examination and approval matters, which shows the great significance of deepening the reform of the administrative examination and approval system to the economic and social development of the present China. First, the important way to change the function of the government is to deepen the reform of the administrative examination and approval system. Secondly, the key link of the market economy system is to deepen the reform of the administrative examination and approval system. Thirdly, the strong guarantee of the successful construction of the rule of law government is to deepen the reform of the administrative examination and approval system. The study of the academic circles involves a wide range of subjects, including economics, political and public management, law and so on. The research content includes the significance of the reform of the administrative examination and approval system in China, the research on the reform of the administrative examination and approval system in China, the research on Deepening the solution of the reform of the administrative examination and approval system in China, and so on. If we study the administrative examination and approval system from the perspective of economics, the main points of view are: the theory of public interest, the theory of departmental interests and the theory of government approval of captives derived from the theory of departmental interests. The main research patterns are also divided into Breye M model, Shi Pubomo type and the spatigre model. The historical evolution of the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, combined with the experience of foreign reform and examination and approval, closely related to the practical necessity of promoting the reform of the administrative examination and approval system in China, and Research on how to consolidate the results of the reform and continue to promote the deepening of the deepening of the reform. There are many achievements in the four stages of deepening and deepening the government management offside, the lack of regulatory function and the lack of legal norms. At present, it is essential to further deepen the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, implement the simple government and release power, fundamentally promote the transformation of the government functions, improve the regulatory system and improve the legal guarantee. It's right.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D630

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本文編號(hào)：2074140