本文選題：脆弱性 + 抗逆力�。� 參考：《公共管理學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期

【摘要】："脆弱性"和"抗逆力"作為應(yīng)急管理領(lǐng)域中兩個(gè)具有隱喻屬性的多學(xué)科概念,其發(fā)展沿革是一個(gè)學(xué)科集成化和內(nèi)涵擴(kuò)展的過程,但長期以來存在定義不清甚至混用的情況。對此,本文立足于交叉學(xué)科的視角,基于"原子圖譜法"的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)提煉出客觀聚焦心像,基于已有概念演進(jìn)過程的回溯與考量提取出質(zhì)性指標(biāo),從而在綜合集成主客觀信息的基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)概念內(nèi)涵與外延的精準(zhǔn)勾勒。研究顯示,"脆弱性"和"抗逆力"相互獨(dú)立并交互影響,是一種依據(jù)具體情境而變化的動(dòng)態(tài)存在。其中,"脆弱性"強(qiáng)調(diào)暴露于特定情境時(shí),由于系統(tǒng)對多重?cái)_動(dòng)的敏感性而呈現(xiàn)出的一種易受損害的可能性,在人地耦合系統(tǒng)的交互過程中以抵抗不利影響、實(shí)現(xiàn)適應(yīng)性和恢復(fù)力的動(dòng)態(tài)過程量為顯著表征,是一種隨時(shí)空演進(jìn)而動(dòng)態(tài)變化的多重循環(huán)屬性。而"抗逆力"概念外延比"脆弱性"更為廣泛,強(qiáng)調(diào)系統(tǒng)能夠積極抗御和適應(yīng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)災(zāi)害的沖擊,既包括通過風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素與保護(hù)因素的互動(dòng)機(jī)制發(fā)揮自組織作用的內(nèi)在特質(zhì),也包括在動(dòng)態(tài)的應(yīng)對過程中,通過多樣性策略調(diào)用冗余資源和啟動(dòng)重構(gòu),以快速實(shí)現(xiàn)減災(zāi)和恢復(fù)常態(tài)的能力。
[Abstract]:As two metaphorical concepts of metaphorical attributes in the field of emergency management, the development and evolution of "vulnerability" and "resistance" are a process of integration and expansion of a subject. However, there is a long term of unclear definition and even mixed use. Objective focus image is extracted from the objective focus image. Based on the backtracking and consideration of the existing conceptual evolution process, the qualitative indexes are extracted, and the concept connotation and extension are accurately outlined on the basis of integrated subjective and objective information. The research shows that "vulnerability" and "resistance" are independent and interactive, which are based on specific situations. There is a dynamic existence. Among them, "vulnerability" emphasizes the possibility that the system is exposed to the sensitivity of multiple disturbances when exposed to a particular situation. In the interaction process of the human earth coupling system, the dynamic process of realizing adaptability and resilience is characterized by resistance to adverse effects, and it is a kind of evolution with time and space evolution. While the concept of "resistance" is more extensive than "vulnerability", it emphasizes that the system can actively resist and adapt to the impact of risk disasters, including both the inherent characteristics of the self-organization function through the interaction mechanism of risk factors and protection factors, and the diversity strategy in the dynamic response process. Call redundant resources and start reconfiguration to achieve rapid reduction and restoration of normal capabilities.
【作者單位】： 上海交通大學(xué)國際與公共事務(wù)學(xué)院;上海交通大學(xué)中國城市治理研究院應(yīng)急管理研究中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(71371122) 國家哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)基金重大研究項(xiàng)目(14ZDB152)
【分類號】：D63

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