發(fā)布時間：2018-06-03 19:07

  本文選題：低保線 + 地區(qū)差異�。� 參考：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國的最低生活保障制度是于二十世紀(jì)九十年代開始形成的。1999年10月1日《城市居民最低生活保障條例》的頒布,標(biāo)志著城鎮(zhèn)最低生活保障制度已經(jīng)在全國范圍內(nèi)建立起來。短短的十六年間,我國的城鎮(zhèn)居民最低保障制度快速發(fā)展,堅(jiān)持應(yīng)保盡保、公平公正、動態(tài)管理、統(tǒng)籌兼顧的基本原則,已經(jīng)成為了保障低收入群體生活最重要的保障制度之一。然而,我國城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障制度依然存在一些問題。例如盡管每年各地的保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都在升高,但仍然存在總體水平偏低的問題,一些地區(qū)的低保線可能無法滿足低收入群體的基本生活要求;在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的大背景下物價會有一定幅度的上揚(yáng),地方政府制定的低保線可能沒有跟不上物價的變化速度,以致低收入群體的生活質(zhì)量受到影響;由于政府對低保實(shí)際投入總量過低,實(shí)際覆蓋率與政策覆蓋率差距懸殊,即政府承諾不能兌現(xiàn)的情況;最低保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)缺乏統(tǒng)一完善的動態(tài)調(diào)整機(jī)制等等。其中,我國最低保障制度發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)一個很明顯的現(xiàn)象就是我國的最低保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在著明顯的地區(qū)差異。各地的低保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定是否合理,是否能滿足當(dāng)?shù)氐褪杖肴后w的基本生活,各地區(qū)如此大的差異是否正常,這些都是完善最低生活保障制度需要考慮的問題。因此,最低保障地區(qū)差異的研究對改善民生,縮小地區(qū)間差異,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富裕有著重要的影響。本文共分為七部分。第一部分介紹了論文選題的目的和背景、研究意義、國內(nèi)外有關(guān)城市居民最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題的相關(guān)研究、研究內(nèi)容方法及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn);第二部分從幾個方面入手介紹我國最低保障事業(yè)的發(fā)展情況;第三部分利用修正的logistic函數(shù)擬合收入分布函數(shù),得到了了城鎮(zhèn)最低生活保障線的測算方法;第四部分利用修正的logistic函數(shù)模型測算了全國主要地區(qū)2011年的最低保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并進(jìn)行了地區(qū)差異分析及政策評價.;第五部分通過建立動態(tài)調(diào)整指標(biāo)體系闡述了最低保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的動態(tài)調(diào)整機(jī)制;第六部分對完善我國城市居民最低生活保障制度提出相關(guān)的對策建議;最后一部分對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:The minimum living security system in China began to form in the 1990s. The promulgation of the regulations on the minimum living Security of Urban residents on October 1, 1999 indicates that the minimum living security system in cities and towns has been established throughout the country. In a short period of 16 years, the minimum security system for urban residents in our country has developed rapidly, and has adhered to the basic principles of full protection, fairness and justice, dynamic management, and overall consideration. It has become one of the most important security systems to protect the life of low-income groups. However, there are still some problems in the minimum living security system of urban residents in China. For example, while security standards are rising every year, the overall level of security remains low, and in some areas the line may not be able to meet the basic living needs of low-income groups; Under the background of rapid economic development, prices will rise by a certain extent, and the local governments may not be able to keep up with the speed of price changes, thus affecting the quality of life of low-income groups; Because the total amount of the government's actual investment to the minimum guarantee is too low, the gap between the actual coverage rate and the policy coverage rate is wide, that is, the government promise cannot be fulfilled, and the minimum guarantee standard lacks a unified and perfect dynamic adjustment mechanism and so on. Among them, there is an obvious phenomenon in the process of the development of the minimum security system in our country, that is, there are obvious regional differences in the minimum security standards in our country. Whether the local minimum living standard is reasonable, whether it can satisfy the basic life of the local low-income groups, and whether it is normal to have such a big difference in different regions are all the problems that need to be considered in perfecting the minimum living security system. Therefore, the study of regional differences of minimum security has an important effect on improving people's livelihood, narrowing regional differences and realizing common prosperity. This paper is divided into seven parts. The first part introduces the purpose and background of the thesis, the significance of the research, the research on the minimum living standard of urban residents at home and abroad, the research methods and innovations; The second part introduces the development of the minimum security undertaking in China from several aspects, the third part uses the modified logistic function to fit the income distribution function, and obtains the calculation method of the minimum living guarantee line in cities and towns. The fourth part uses the modified logistic function model to calculate the minimum guarantee standard in the main areas of China in 2011. The fifth part expounds the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the minimum guarantee standard by establishing the dynamic adjustment index system. In the sixth part, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the minimum living security system of urban residents in our country; the last part summarizes the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D632.1

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本文編號：1973861