本文選題：市場轉(zhuǎn)型理論 + 人力資本��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：從以往市場轉(zhuǎn)型論及其相關(guān)紛爭來看,市場轉(zhuǎn)型的爭論焦點在于政治資本和教育的回報問題：經(jīng)濟收益是政治資本和人力資本的函數(shù),其反應(yīng)了市場轉(zhuǎn)型過程中的兩種分配邏輯——政治資本的回報邏輯是再分配制度、人力資本的回報則是市場邏輯的反映。過往的研究主要集中在市場轉(zhuǎn)型過程中兩種資本對初次分配的作用,而忽略了其對再分配收入的作用。這種忽略將會導(dǎo)致市場轉(zhuǎn)型理論在解釋上存在兩點缺陷。一是忽略再分配收入而僅將個人初次收入作為劃分社會階層標準不能充分描述市場轉(zhuǎn)型分層化的實際狀態(tài)；二是忽略再分配收入可能會對再分配權(quán)力在改革前后對收入作用的變化機制的解釋將不充分,且會低估再分配權(quán)力在市場轉(zhuǎn)型過程中對收入分配的作用力。為了更全面詳析市場轉(zhuǎn)型過程中收入分配的獲得機制,本研究以市場轉(zhuǎn)型理論為基礎(chǔ),探析社會主義中國的再分配獲得機制。社會再分配的核心機制是社會保障制度。因此,本研究選擇了社會保障制度作為分析的對象。中國社會保障制度覆蓋對象的歷史變遷表明,中國社會保障呈現(xiàn)為一種以權(quán)力為函數(shù)的差距格局狀態(tài)。結(jié)合澤林尼與科斯泰羅區(qū)分的三種市場滲透類型—“再分配經(jīng)濟中的地方市場、社會主義混合經(jīng)濟和資本主義導(dǎo)向經(jīng)濟及其對社會產(chǎn)生的不同后果”的理論框架內(nèi),本研究從城鄉(xiāng)社會、公私單位、社會階層等三個視角,提出了若干關(guān)于人力資本和政治資本在社會保障再分配獲得中效用的竟擇假設(shè),并利用CGSS(2008)數(shù)據(jù)對所提出的竟擇假設(shè)做了實證檢驗。實證分析有如下發(fā)現(xiàn)：第一,政治資本和人力資本對中國城鄉(xiāng)居民社會保障再分配作用契合了澤林尼與科斯泰羅理論觀點：市場滲透類型不同,政治資本和人力資本對再分配的效用不同——在市場發(fā)育程度更高的區(qū)域,人力資本對再分配收益作用更為顯著,反之,則政治資本對再分配收益作用更為顯著：第二,再分配在社會各群體中的分布更多表現(xiàn)為集團現(xiàn)象,這種再分配的集團現(xiàn)象又與政治資本相關(guān)；第三,社會保障的再分配對縮小貧富分化的效應(yīng)有限,主要表現(xiàn)為“縮小了公有部門群體與私有部門群體因初次分配而形成的分化”,而在城鄉(xiāng)之間,尤其是初次收入位于底層的私有部門群體與其余階層群體之間的分化,反而因社會保障制度的再分配得到進一步分化。研究最后在實證分析結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上,討論了中國社會保障制度形成的原因。從威權(quán)政體在不同時期追求不同的合法性基礎(chǔ)(意識形態(tài)合法性、績效合法性與卡里斯瑪型合法性)的角度,研究提出不同時期政治合法性組合是形塑中國社會保障制度的主要原因。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of the former theory of market transformation and its related disputes, the controversy of market transformation focuses on the return of political capital and education: economic benefits are the functions of political capital and human capital. It reflects two kinds of distribution logic in the process of market transformation: the return logic of political capital is the redistributive system, and the return of human capital is the reflection of market logic. Previous studies have focused on the role of the two types of capital in the initial distribution, while neglecting the role of the two capital in the redistribution of income in the process of market transformation. This neglect will lead to two defects in the interpretation of market transition theory. First, neglecting the redistribution of income and taking the individual's initial income as the criterion of dividing the social stratum can not fully describe the actual state of stratification in the market transition; Second, neglecting the redistribution of income may not explain the mechanism of the change of redistributive power to income before and after the reform, and will underestimate the influence of redistribution power on income distribution in the process of market transformation. In order to analyze the obtaining mechanism of income distribution in the process of market transformation, this study is based on the theory of market transformation to explore the mechanism of redistribution in socialist China. The core mechanism of social redistribution is the social security system. Therefore, this study chooses the social security system as the object of analysis. The historical changes of the objects covered by the social security system in China indicate that the social security system in China presents a kind of gap pattern with power as its function. Combining the three types of market penetration distinguished by Zelini and Costello-"Local market in redistributive economy, socialist mixed economy and capitalistic oriented economy and their different consequences for society", From the perspectives of urban and rural society, public and private units, and social strata, this study puts forward some assumptions about the utility of human capital and political capital in the redistribution of social security. Using CGSS / 2008) data, the proposed alternative hypothesis is tested empirically. First, the role of political capital and human capital in the redistribution of social security of Chinese urban and rural residents fits with the theory of Zellini and Costello: the types of market penetration are different. The effect of political capital and human capital on redistribution is different. In regions with higher market development, human capital plays a more significant role in redistributive income. On the contrary, the effect of political capital on redistributive income is more significant: second, The distribution of redistribution among various social groups is more manifested as group phenomenon, which is related to political capital. Thirdly, the redistribution of social security has a limited effect on narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor. This is mainly manifested in "narrowing the division between public and private sector groups as a result of initial distribution" and between urban and rural areas, especially between the private sector groups at the bottom of their initial incomes and the rest of the social class, Instead, the redistribution of the social security system has been further divided. Finally, on the basis of empirical analysis, the reasons for the formation of China's social security system are discussed. From the perspective of the authoritarian regime pursuing different legitimacy bases (ideological legitimacy, performance legitimacy and Karisma legitimacy) in different periods, The author points out that the combination of political legitimacy in different periods is the main reason for shaping China's social security system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D632.1

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