本文選題：有限政府 + 制約��； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：政府是國(guó)家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)的執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān),是國(guó)家公共行政權(quán)力的象征、承載體和實(shí)際行為體,是一種合法地壟斷著暴力并借此管理一個(gè)社會(huì)之事務(wù)的權(quán)威性組織。政府幾乎可以被視為國(guó)家的同義詞,在很大程度上,政治學(xué)和政治思想史上的國(guó)家理論就是政府理論。政府是人類文明的一個(gè)重要因素,政府的誕生是人類文明擺脫野蠻和蒙昧的重要標(biāo)志之一,任何時(shí)期的政府都體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)人類所達(dá)到的文明水平。人類政治發(fā)展是一個(gè)內(nèi)容宏闊、景象壯觀的歷史洪流,其中的主流部分就是政府的發(fā)展。政治文明的重要內(nèi)容是政府文明,政治思想史的大部分內(nèi)容也是政府理論史。在西方政治思想史之中,有限政府的理論一直占據(jù)著主流地位,它是自由主義在國(guó)家理論上的表達(dá)。有限政府理論可以在古代希臘就找到其思想淵源,政府(城邦)是人們自然自發(fā)的組成的,是為了人們更好的生活下去而存在的。政府不能違背自然正義,這是對(duì)政府的第一個(gè)制約。政府應(yīng)該是怎樣的形式,人民本身是政府的主人,民意是政府合法性的一個(gè)不可或缺的要素,任何一個(gè)國(guó)家其主權(quán)都應(yīng)該是屬于全體民眾所有,因此政府不得肆意妄為,否則就將被撤換,這是對(duì)政府的第二個(gè)約束。在一個(gè)國(guó)家之中,政府是按怎樣的規(guī)則來運(yùn)行,法治的原則在國(guó)家之中居于怎么樣的地位,法律是對(duì)政府第三個(gè)約束。在政府內(nèi)部進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)性劃分,使政府所屬的權(quán)力分立并相互制約,這是對(duì)政府的第四個(gè)約束,分權(quán)制衡也是有限政府理論最重要的技術(shù)手段。制約政府的四個(gè)要素并非各自為陣的獨(dú)立理論,它們之間都有交叉重疊的部分,這四個(gè)要素是相輔相成,共同構(gòu)成了有限政府理論的思想基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The government is the executive organ of the state authority. It is the symbol of the power of the state's public administration, the carrying body and the actual actor. It is an authoritative organization that legitimately monopolizes violence and manages a social affairs. The government can be regarded as the synonym for the state, to a great extent, in the history of political and political thought. The family theory is the government theory. The government is an important factor of human civilization. The birth of the government is one of the important symbols of human civilization to get rid of barbarism and ignorance. The government of any period embodies the civilization level achieved by mankind at that time. The political development of human being is a great content, a spectacular historical flood, the mainstream of which is the mainstream. Part is the development of the government. The important content of the political civilization is the government civilization, the most of the political thought history is also the history of the government. In the history of Western political thought, the theory of the limited government has always occupied the mainstream position, it is the representation of liberalism in the state theory. The limited government theory can be found in ancient Greece. To its ideological origin, the government (city state) is a natural and spontaneous composition of people and is for people to live better. The government can not violate the natural justice. This is the first restriction to the government. What form the government should be, the people themselves are the masters of the government, and the public opinion is an indispensable element of the legitimacy of the government. The sovereignty of any country should be owned by all the people, so the government must not be wanton, otherwise it will be replaced. This is the second constraint on the government. In one country, the government operates according to what rules, the principle of the rule of law is in the status of the state, and the law is the third constraint on the government. The structural division within the government makes the power of the government separate and constrain each other. This is the fourth constraint on the government, and the separation of powers is also the most important technical means of the limited government theory. The four elements of the government are not independent theories of their respective array. There are overlapping overlapping parts between them, and these four elements are the four elements Complementing each other constitutes the ideological foundation of the theory of limited government.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D035

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 費(fèi)維照,胡宗兵;有限政府論:早期資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的政府觀念與政制設(shè)定[J];政治學(xué)研究;1998年01期

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本文編號(hào)：1850874