本文選題：國(guó)家建構(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：代表　出處：《政治學(xué)研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：代議民主是西方政治現(xiàn)代化的成果,它重構(gòu)了民主、代表、選舉這些富有古典或傳統(tǒng)色彩的歷史元素。代表制在起源上與民主政治并無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián),它將社會(huì)大眾排斥在政治過(guò)程之外。為了論證政治排斥的合理性,存在選擇性代表和實(shí)質(zhì)性代表兩種形式的代表觀。前者認(rèn)為普通成員經(jīng)濟(jì)能力低下將導(dǎo)致其政治能力不足,主張限制大眾參與政治;后者則宣稱政治制度能力的包容性,認(rèn)為由小部分人選舉產(chǎn)生的代議機(jī)構(gòu)可以維護(hù)國(guó)家整體利益。這兩種看似方向相反的排斥機(jī)制,共同強(qiáng)化了政治過(guò)程的封閉性。隨著代表制和民主制的融合,代表制開始展現(xiàn)平等的精神,民主制逐漸具備代議的形式。代議民主從程序上將社會(huì)同意轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)國(guó)家權(quán)力的正當(dāng)性支持。政治參與不僅是建構(gòu)政治代表性的必要環(huán)節(jié),而且是公民獲得制度容納的重要標(biāo)志。
[Abstract]:Representative democracy is the fruit of western political modernization. It reconstructs democracy, represents and elects these historical elements with classical or traditional color.The system of representation has no relation with democratic politics in origin, it excludes the social masses from the political process.In order to demonstrate the rationality of political exclusion, there are two forms of representative view: selective representation and substantive representation.The former claims that the low economic capacity of ordinary members will lead to the lack of their political capacity, and advocates restricting popular participation in politics; the latter claims the inclusiveness of the political system.It is believed that a representative body elected by a small number of people can safeguard the overall interests of the country.These two seemingly opposite exclusions reinforce the closeness of the political process.With the integration of representative system and democracy, representative system began to show the spirit of equality, democracy gradually has the form of representative.Representative democracy transforms social consent into legitimate support for state power.Political participation is not only a necessary link in the construction of political representation, but also an important symbol for citizens to acquire institutional accommodation.
【作者單位】： 天津師范大學(xué)政治文化與政治文明建設(shè)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金一般項(xiàng)目“國(guó)家治理視野中的民主發(fā)展路徑研究”(14BZZ002)的研究成果 中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論體系研究中心重大項(xiàng)目“中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主研究”(2015YZD7)的研究成果
【分類號(hào)】：D035

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