本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城鄉(xiāng) 基本公共服務(wù) 均等化 路徑選擇　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平迅猛增長(zhǎng),雖然經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展顯著提高了居民原有生活水平,但是卻產(chǎn)生諸多社會(huì)問(wèn)題。在我國(guó),農(nóng)民階級(jí)的社會(huì)地位低下,因此并沒(méi)有充分享受到社會(huì)發(fā)展所帶來(lái)的成果,而片面追求經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,忽視社會(huì)公平,重效率,輕民生,導(dǎo)致城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)差距加大。這些差距不僅體現(xiàn)在城鄉(xiāng)人民的收入及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平上,更體現(xiàn)在城鄉(xiāng)基本教育、社會(huì)保障和公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生上。社會(huì)調(diào)查研究反映出我國(guó)農(nóng)村生活質(zhì)量普遍低于城市生活水平,農(nóng)村醫(yī)療沒(méi)有保障,教育水平低下,文化技能偏低,娛樂(lè)方式單調(diào)等一于阻礙了城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和一體化進(jìn)程。城鄉(xiāng)公共服務(wù)均等化是統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展和建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)的重要因素,因此,改善民生并縮小我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)的差距迫在眉睫。2005年,中共十六屆五中全會(huì)首次正式地將“公共服務(wù)均等化”問(wèn)題以書(shū)面形式提出來(lái)。2006年3月通過(guò)的國(guó)家十一五規(guī)劃綱要進(jìn)一步提出了一個(gè)新命題“基本公共服務(wù)均等化”,為我國(guó)的基本公共服務(wù)指明了方向。在此背景下,為加快統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展以及推動(dòng)和諧社會(huì)建設(shè),于公共服務(wù)均等化具有很重要的理論意義與實(shí)踐價(jià)值。本文通過(guò)官方統(tǒng)計(jì)資料、文獻(xiàn)分析以及實(shí)際考查,對(duì)基本公共服務(wù)均等化的意義和內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行探討,對(duì)目前我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀和原因進(jìn)行分析,從我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基礎(chǔ)教育非均等化、我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施非均等化、我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)保障非均等化、我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生非均等化四個(gè)方面來(lái)分析我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)的存在的問(wèn)題,認(rèn)為當(dāng)前我國(guó)的城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)以及我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的財(cái)政制度是造成我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)水平差距過(guò)大的主要原因,進(jìn)而通過(guò)借鑒和學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)外基本公共服務(wù)均等化的經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合本國(guó)實(shí)際國(guó)情,提出我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)均等化的方法和對(duì)策:推進(jìn)改革,改變城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu);深化我國(guó)公共財(cái)政體制改革;努力建立公平合理的城鄉(xiāng)公共服務(wù)體制。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economic level of our country has grown rapidly. Although the rapid development of the economy has significantly improved the original living standards of the residents, it has produced many social problems. In our country, the social status of the peasant class is low. Therefore, it does not fully enjoy the fruits of social development, but pursues economic development one-sidedly, neglecting social equity, emphasizing efficiency, and neglecting people's livelihood. The gap between urban and rural basic public services has increased. These gaps are reflected not only in the income and economic development level of urban and rural people, but also in basic education in urban and rural areas. Social security and public health. Social investigation shows that the quality of life in rural areas is generally lower than that in urban areas, medical care in rural areas is not guaranteed, education is low, and cultural skills are on the low side. The monotony of entertainment means hinders the development and integration of urban and rural economy. The equalization of urban and rural public services is an important factor in coordinating urban and rural development and building a harmonious society. It is urgent to improve people's livelihood and narrow the gap between urban and rural basic public services. 2005, The Fifth Plenary session of the 16 CPC Central Committee formally put forward the issue of "equalization of public services" in writing for the first time. The outline of the 11th Five-Year Plan adopted on March 2006 further put forward a new proposition, "Equalization of basic Public Service" In this context, it points out the direction of the basic public service in our country. In order to accelerate the development of urban and rural areas and promote the construction of a harmonious society, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to equalize public services. This paper probes into the significance and connotation of equalization of basic public services, analyzes the present situation and causes of basic public services in urban and rural areas in China, analyzes the non-equalization of basic education in urban and rural areas and the non-equalization of infrastructure in urban and rural areas in China. This paper analyzes the existing problems of basic public services in urban and rural areas from four aspects of non-equalization of social security in urban and rural areas and non-equalization of medical and health services in urban and rural areas in China. It is considered that the current dual economic structure between urban and rural areas and the existing financial system are the main reasons for the excessive gap in the level of basic public services between urban and rural areas in China, and then learn from and learn from the experience of equalization of basic public services in foreign countries. Combined with the actual situation of our country, this paper puts forward the methods and countermeasures of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas: promoting reform, changing the dual structure of urban and rural areas, deepening the reform of China's public finance system, and striving to establish a fair and reasonable urban-rural public service system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D630

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