【摘要】：科技發(fā)展日新月異,Web系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模和復(fù)雜度也隨之不斷增加,怎樣確保Web系統(tǒng)的正確性和可靠性也日漸成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。Web測試也越來越重要,已然成為Web開發(fā)過程的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。測試效率低和測試覆蓋率不能保證是手工測試的兩大缺點,由此手工測試越來越不能滿足規(guī)模不斷變大,復(fù)雜度不斷變高的Web系統(tǒng)的測試的要求。因而每個開發(fā)團隊都面臨著開展自動測試,提高工作效率的挑戰(zhàn)。然而自動化測試并不是萬能藥,也不能隨意使用,只有經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格測試之后的自動化測試,才能真正提高Web測試的測試覆蓋率,減少測試時間,提高工作效率。企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)是一個以軟件系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)為使用場景,實現(xiàn)需求分析、概要設(shè)計、詳細(xì)設(shè)計、編程實現(xiàn)和軟件測試的生命周期管理的系統(tǒng),是為了實現(xiàn)企業(yè)內(nèi)部項目參與人之間溝通、協(xié)作和管理而研發(fā)的一個Web系統(tǒng),也是一個復(fù)雜度高規(guī)模大的Web系統(tǒng)。它主要包括資源管理、團隊管理、任務(wù)管理、里程碑管理等功能模塊,支持Firefox、IE和Chrome等瀏覽器。在分析了企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)的特點和自動化測試相關(guān)知識,并了解了現(xiàn)有的自動化測試工具之后,Selenium以其可以像真實用戶一樣直接在瀏覽器中運行以及開源的優(yōu)點被選作企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)自動化測試的測試工具。首先文章介紹了題目來源、論文研究的背景、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及研究意義。接著論文主要闡述了Web測試和自動化測試的相關(guān)知識,以及Selenium WebDriver的工作原理。除此之外,本項目根據(jù)軟件測試的流程規(guī)范,制定了測試計劃,明確測試范圍,確定測試方法。并在分析待測的企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)特點之后,根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的詳細(xì)設(shè)計說明說以及開發(fā)人員的培訓(xùn),明確了測試需求。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的測試需求和測試計劃,結(jié)合Python和Selenium2.0的WebDriver設(shè)計、搭建了測試平臺,并通過Python腳本控制批處理過程,實現(xiàn)測試用例的逐個次序運行,并記錄測試結(jié)果生成測試報告。引入Page Object設(shè)計模式,采用分層架構(gòu)的方法,把測試腳本分為五層,通過調(diào)用UI層定義的界面元素,實現(xiàn)常用動作和一些輔助功能的封裝,進而實現(xiàn)測試用例甚而測試集合的測試,提高了代碼的復(fù)用性,使測試腳本的實現(xiàn)更加簡便。同時使用Firefox的插件Selenium IDE錄制和編輯測試腳本,運行測試腳本,實現(xiàn)企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)的Web自動化測試,查看測試報告,分析測試結(jié)果。企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)的Web自動化測試的測試結(jié)果表明,自動化測試平臺能夠滿足系統(tǒng)的測試需求,提高了企業(yè)項目管理系統(tǒng)的測試效率。最后論文總結(jié)了論文的主要工作內(nèi)容,并對后續(xù)工作進行了展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the scale and complexity of Web system are also increasing, how to ensure the correctness and reliability of Web system has become the focus of attention. Web testing is becoming more and more important, which has become an important link in the Web development process. Low test efficiency and unguaranteed test coverage are two major shortcomings of manual testing, so manual testing can not meet the requirements of Web system with larger scale and higher complexity. Therefore, each development team is faced with the challenge of carrying out automatic testing and improving work efficiency. However, automated testing is not a universal medicine, and can not be used at will. Only after strict testing, can the test coverage of Web test be really improved, the test time can be reduced, and the work efficiency can be improved. Enterprise project management system is a Web system which takes the development of software system as the use scene, realizes the life cycle management of requirement analysis, outline design, detailed design, programming implementation and software testing. It is also a Web system with high complexity and large scale in order to realize the communication, cooperation and management among project participants in the enterprise. It mainly includes resource management, team management, task management, milestone management and other functional modules, supporting Firefox,IE and Chrome browsers. After analyzing the characteristics of enterprise project management system and the related knowledge of automation testing, and understanding the existing automation test tools, Selenium has been selected as the test tool for enterprise project management system automation testing because of its advantages that it can run directly in browser like real users and open source. First of all, the paper introduces the source of the topic, the background of the paper research, the research status at home and abroad and the significance of the research. Then the paper mainly describes the knowledge of Web testing and automatic testing, as well as the working principle of Selenium WebDriver. In addition, according to the process specification of software testing, this project formulates the test plan, clarifies the test scope, determines the test method. After analyzing the characteristics of the enterprise project management system to be tested, according to the detailed design instructions of the system and the training of developers, the test requirements are defined. According to the test requirements and test plan of the system, combined with the WebDriver design of Python and Selenium2.0, the test platform is built, and the batch process is controlled by Python script to realize the running of test cases one by one, and the test results are recorded to generate the test report. By introducing Page Object design pattern and adopting the method of hierarchical architecture, the test script is divided into five layers. By calling the interface elements defined by UI layer, the encapsulation of common actions and some auxiliary functions is realized, and then the test case and even the test set are tested, which improves the reusability of the code and makes the realization of the test script easier. At the same time, Selenium IDE, a plug-in of Firefox, is used to record and edit the test script, run the test script, realize the Web automation test of the enterprise project management system, view the test report and analyze the test results. The test results of Web automation test of enterprise project management system show that the automatic test platform can meet the test requirements of the system and improve the test efficiency of enterprise project management system. Finally, the paper summarizes the main work of the paper, and looks forward to the follow-up work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP311.52

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