【摘要】：城建檔案是在城市規(guī)劃、建設(shè)、管理活動中形成的,具有保存價值的文字、圖表、聲像等各種載體的技術(shù)資料,也是城市建設(shè)全過程的宏觀與微觀的真實記錄,同時是城市未來建設(shè)的背景信息源,具有舉足輕重的作用。城建檔案中包含了從項目立項、項目施工一直到最后的竣工總結(jié)等一系列的知識和信息,如何開發(fā)出城建檔案中的有用知識,如何把檔案中的“死信息”做活,如何實現(xiàn)檔案知識資源共享是當(dāng)前的重要問題。由于建設(shè)領(lǐng)域中的工程項目具有一次性的特點,這就要求項目管理人員在項目的前期策劃和建設(shè)過程中,要結(jié)合具體實際情況解決項目的實際問題,因此項目建設(shè)過程中的工程資料和工程經(jīng)驗對于新建的項目具有十分重要的參考價值。因此,有必要研究城建檔案中所包含的建筑工程項目知識,對其進(jìn)行歸類整理,了解各城建檔案使用方的需求,建立一個可供項目各參與方使用的知識庫,使城建檔案發(fā)揮更大的作用,同時推進(jìn)建筑業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展。本文在國內(nèi)外城建檔案和知識管理的研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,首先對城建檔案做了進(jìn)一步的分析整理,從整個建筑行業(yè)和各用戶需求的角度重新對城建檔案分類,分別從項目建設(shè)過程的角度、項目管理過程兩個角度分類,以便滿足新時代的用戶需求。然后對城建檔案各參與方做了需求分析匯總,分別從建設(shè)方、施工方、監(jiān)理方、勘察設(shè)計方、材料供應(yīng)商和其他方分析了他們對城建檔案的需求情況,得出了知識庫系統(tǒng)的需求分析情況。接著本文將案例推理方法應(yīng)用于城建檔案的知識管理中,而案例推理方法最為關(guān)鍵的步驟就是案例檢索,但是目前判斷項目相似性的方法大多是由專家根據(jù)經(jīng)驗主觀判斷得出的,客觀性往往較弱。為了解決上述主觀性強的問題,本文又將集對分析理論引入到工程項目相似性研究中,通過建立指標(biāo)體系、評價集合、確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重、計算聯(lián)系度和集對勢等過程,最終得出與待檢索項目最相似的案例,并通過一個算例證明此方法的可行性和有效性。最后在城建檔案分類整理、需求分析以及案例檢索方法研究的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了基于城建檔案的建設(shè)工程項目的知識庫,并明確了知識庫的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和功能設(shè)計。本文的案例知識庫有四層結(jié)構(gòu),自下而上分別是存儲層、技術(shù)層、應(yīng)用層和界面層；四大管理功能,分別為檔案管理功能,案例管理功能,知識管理功能和系統(tǒng)管理功能,實現(xiàn)了城建檔案的建設(shè)項目知識的科學(xué)管理和共享。最后舉了一個案例說明了本案例知識庫的應(yīng)用方法和步驟。
[Abstract]:Urban construction archives are formed in the activities of urban planning, construction and management. They are technical materials of various carriers, such as words, charts, audio and video, and so on. They are also the real records of the whole process of urban construction, both macro and micro. At the same time, it is the background information source of the future construction of the city, which plays an important role. The urban construction archives contain a series of knowledge and information from the project establishment, the project construction to the final completion summary, how to develop the useful knowledge in the urban construction archives, how to do the work of the "dead information" in the archives, How to realize the sharing of archival knowledge resources is an important issue at present. Because of the one-off characteristics of engineering projects in the field of construction, project managers are required to solve the practical problems of the project in the early planning and construction process of the project in the light of the actual situation. Therefore, the engineering data and experience in the process of project construction have very important reference value for newly built projects. Therefore, it is necessary to study the knowledge of construction projects contained in the urban construction archives, classify them, understand the needs of the users of the urban construction archives, and establish a knowledge base that can be used by all the participants of the projects. Make urban construction archives play a greater role, while promoting the vigorous development of the construction industry. Based on the research results of urban construction archives and knowledge management at home and abroad, this paper firstly makes further analysis and arrangement of urban construction archives, and reclassifies urban construction archives from the point of view of the whole construction industry and the needs of various users. In order to meet the needs of users in the new era, the project management process is classified from the point of view of the project construction process. Then the participants in the urban construction archives are analyzed and summarized, and their demand for urban construction archives is analyzed from the construction side, the supervision side, the survey and design side, the material suppliers and other parties, respectively. The requirement analysis of knowledge base system is obtained. Then this paper applies the case-based reasoning method to the knowledge management of urban construction archives, and the most important step of CBR is case retrieval. However, at present, most of the methods of judging the similarity of items are obtained by experts' subjective judgment based on experience, and the objectivity is often weak. In order to solve the above subjective problem, this paper introduces the theory of set pair analysis into the similarity study of engineering projects. Through the establishment of index system, the evaluation of sets, the determination of index weight, the calculation of connection degree and set potential, etc. Finally, the case that is most similar to the item to be retrieved is obtained, and the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are proved by an example. Finally, on the basis of classification and arrangement of urban construction archives, requirement analysis and case retrieval method, the knowledge base of construction project based on urban construction archives is constructed, and the structure design and function design of knowledge base are defined. The case knowledge base in this paper has four layers, which are storage layer, technology layer, application layer and interface layer from bottom to top. The four functions of management are file management, case management, knowledge management and system management respectively. The scientific management and sharing of urban construction project knowledge are realized. Finally, a case is given to illustrate the application method and steps of the case knowledge base.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU712

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本文編號：2371435