本文選題：供暖鍋爐改造工程 + 過程管理��； 參考：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：市政工程是城市的基礎設施工程的重要組成部分，市政工程的質量事故的社會危害嚴重，不但會影響群眾公共利益、政府和黨在群眾中的形象，嚴重的還會威脅到人民群眾的生命和財產安全。中國政府一貫對基礎設施的建設十分重視，專門發(fā)布通知，要求加強基礎設施建設的質量管理，落實相關領導的責任制，以保障人民生命財產安全和公共利益。隨著經濟快速發(fā)展，，政府有了更資金投入市政工程建設之中，盡管市政工程因投資大、對社會經濟起重要作用而廣受關注，監(jiān)督管理的力度不斷加大，但是工程中的質量問題、浪費問題依然很嚴重，因此在市政工程管理方面的研究是十分必要，也是十分急迫的。 國外市政工程多采用過程管理的方法，其優(yōu)勢體現在：工程項目的管理單位和施工單位均采用專業(yè)隊伍，人員素質較高，同時注重教育與專業(yè)技能的培訓工作，強化施工人員的質量意識，使全體人員參與到質量控制中來；由于受行政干預較少，工程在工期管理方面更合理、更科學，有助于保證工程質量。通過學習國外管理經驗，國內一些工程項目也采用了這種管理方式。實踐表明，過程管理方法對保證工程質量、控制建設成本、保障項目工期等方面具有重要作用。 國內市政工程受行政干預較多，管理上較為落后。表現在對工程前期論證不夠重視，工程管理隊伍、施工隊伍專業(yè)技術人員匱乏，施工過程管理較粗放，多為事后管理，這種管理方式容易造成投資超過預算，工程的質量也難以保證，由于工程隱患和質量問題往往在事后才被發(fā)現，難以得到及時處理，而造成較大損失。 本文通過工業(yè)工程理論知識學習，結合過程控制、全面質量管理的相關理論、方法和理念，參考這一領域專家學者的研究成果，總結市政工程管理中的一些經驗，認為引入過程管理，可以有效保證市政工程的質量。過程管理從市政工程項目的前期策劃與決策開始，直至工程竣工運營，對項目的各階段、各環(huán)節(jié)，尤其是對工程質量、進度影響較大的環(huán)節(jié)進行控制、監(jiān)督和管理。 隨著社會與經濟的發(fā)展，人民生活水平的提高，工程質量涵蓋的范圍越來越廣泛，不僅僅局限于簡單的工程施工質量。因此過程管理要完成的目標和任務包括：工程項目的質量、工程項目的進度、工程項目的成本、環(huán)境保護、職業(yè)健康和社會效益等6個方面。 北京經濟技術開發(fā)區(qū)對區(qū)內東工業(yè)區(qū)和三羊社區(qū)鍋爐房改造工程是配合北京市完成“十二五”期間“北京市清潔空氣行動計劃”而進行的項目，工程將原有的燃煤供暖鍋爐改造為燃氣供暖鍋爐。改造后，每年可減少煙塵排放25.852噸、二氧化硫137.338噸、氮氧化物47.053噸、爐渣1492.944噸、粉煤灰163.19噸，環(huán)境效益顯著。 在項目實施過程中，建設單位對工程從前期論證開始至供暖運營進行了全過程的控制、監(jiān)督和管理。管理措施包括控制工程進度的措施、控制建設成本的措施和保障工程質量的措施等。 通過整個工程周期的過程管理，開發(fā)區(qū)綜配區(qū)亦莊東工業(yè)區(qū)、三羊小區(qū)鍋爐房改造工程在供暖期之前按時完成，工程質量通過初步驗收，居民對供暖質量總體滿意；在勞動力成本增加、原材料價格上漲的條件下，工程投資基本按預算完成；工程施工期間未發(fā)生安全責任事故，未收到環(huán)保方面的舉報與投訴。工程在管理和質量控制方面是成功的。 考察市政工程的質量是一個長期、系統(tǒng)的過程。就本次鍋爐改造工程而言，在工程涉及范圍之內，鍋爐房建設的質量、供暖鍋爐的質量、供水系統(tǒng)的質量、供暖管線的質量都會影響供暖服務的質量；而在更大的范疇中：市政天然氣、市政自來水、市政排水、市政供電、市政通訊、道路交通、建筑質量（居民建筑的保溫性能），整體系統(tǒng)中任一環(huán)節(jié)的質量問題，都可能對供暖質量造成影響。保障市政工程系統(tǒng)中各個環(huán)節(jié)的質量，對整個系統(tǒng)正常運轉、服務十分重要。因此，盡管過程管理需要建設部門投入更多人力、資金，需要建立專業(yè)技術隊伍，但就這一點來看，是必要的，也是值得的。
[Abstract]:Municipal Engineering is an important part of the infrastructure project of the city. The social harm of the quality accidents of municipal engineering is serious. It will not only affect the public interests, but also the image of the government and the party in the masses, and the serious threat to the people's life and property security. In order to ensure the safety of the people's life and property and the public interests, the government has paid more money to the construction of municipal engineering, although the municipal engineering has played an important role in the social economy. The intensity of supervision and management is increasing, but the problem of quality and waste in the project is still very serious. Therefore, it is very necessary and urgent to study the management of municipal engineering.
The method of process management is mostly adopted in foreign municipal engineering. Its advantages are as follows: the management unit and the construction unit of the project are all with professional team, high quality of personnel, at the same time pay attention to the training work of education and professional skills, strengthen the quality consciousness of the construction personnel, and make all the staff participate in the quality control. The project is more reasonable and more scientific and helps to ensure the quality of the project. Through the study of foreign management experience, some domestic engineering projects have also adopted this management method. The practice shows that the process management method plays an important role in guaranteeing the quality of the project, controlling the construction cost, and guaranteeing the project time.
There are many administrative interventions in domestic municipal engineering, and the management is relatively backward. It is manifested in the lack of attention to the early demonstration of the project, the engineering management team, the lack of professional and technical personnel of the construction team, the extensive management of the construction process and the post management, which easily causes the investment to exceed the budget, and the quality of the project is difficult to guarantee, because of the engineering quality. Cheng Yinhuan and quality problems are often found after the event, which is difficult to deal with in time, resulting in greater losses.
Based on the theoretical knowledge of industrial engineering, the related theories, methods and concepts of total quality management are combined with process control, and the research results of experts and scholars in this field are used to sum up some experiences in municipal engineering management. It is believed that the quality of municipal engineering can be effectively guaranteed by the introduction of process management. Process management is from municipal engineering projects. The early planning and decision-making start until the completion of the project operation, all stages of the project, each link, especially the quality of the project, the progress of the greater impact of the process of control, supervision and management.
With the development of society and economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the scope of engineering quality covers more and more widely, not limited to simple construction quality. Therefore, the objectives and tasks to be completed by process management include: the quality of the project, the progress of the project, the cost of the project, the environmental protection, the occupational health and the society. It will benefit 6 aspects.
The reconstruction project of Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone on the inner east industrial area and the San sheep community boiler room is a project carried out in conjunction with the "12th Five-Year" "Beijing clean air action plan" during the "12th Five-Year" period in Beijing. The project transforms the original coal-fired heating boiler into a gas heating boiler. After the transformation, 25.852 tons of smoke and dust can be reduced each year. 137.338 tons of sulfur dioxide, 47.053 tons of nitrogen oxides, 1492.944 tons of slag, 163.19 tons of fly ash, and significant environmental benefits.
During the implementation of the project, the construction unit controls, supervises and manages the whole process from the beginning of the early demonstration to the heating operation. The management measures include measures to control the progress of the project, the measures to control the cost of construction and the measures to ensure the quality of the project.
Through the process management of the whole period of the project, the Yizhuang East Industrial District of the comprehensive distribution area, the transformation project of the boiler room of the three sheep residential district was completed on time before the heating period. The quality of the project passed the preliminary acceptance, and the residents were satisfied with the heating quality as a whole; under the condition of the increase of labor cost and the rising of the raw material price, the project investment was basically completed according to the budget. No accidents occurred during the construction period, and no environmental protection reports and complaints were received. The project was successful in management and quality control.
The quality of the boiler building, the quality of the heating boiler, the quality of the water supply system and the quality of the heating line will affect the quality of the heating service in the scope of the boiler renovation project. In the larger category, the municipal natural gas and the municipal government are in the larger scope. Water, municipal drainage, municipal power supply, municipal communications, road traffic, building quality (thermal insulation performance of residential buildings), quality problems in any part of the whole system may affect the quality of heating. It is important to ensure the quality of every link in the municipal engineering system and the service of the whole system. It is necessary and worthwhile for the construction department to invest more manpower and capital and build up a professional and technical team.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU832;TU71

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本文編號：2004903