本文選題：研發(fā)項目管理 + 專利預警　； 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：市場競爭的日益加劇使技術創(chuàng)新逐漸成為企業(yè)的核心競爭力,各企業(yè)紛紛加大研發(fā)投入,以確保在激烈的行業(yè)競爭中站穩(wěn)腳跟；而技術研發(fā)具有極大不確定性,因此項目風險管理是研發(fā)項目管理中的重要課題。以往研究多從技術、資金、政治與市場等角度考慮研發(fā)項目的風險控制,忽略了專利風險；但專利兼具經濟與技術價值,已成為外國企業(yè)遏制中國企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新的有力工具。中國企業(yè)正處于技術追趕期,專利力量較薄弱,容易陷入專利叢林乃至專利陷阱的包圍,產生高額費用,延誤技術發(fā)展。研發(fā)項目管理中如何做好專利預警工作,規(guī)避專利風險,成為亟待解決的研究熱點。本文利用專利計量學,探索了中國企業(yè)在研發(fā)項目管理中應如何展開專利預警工作。首先,通過文獻梳理總結了國內外專利預警工作的實施情況,對國內外專利預警領域的原則、框架、方法與指標等進行了總結,并分析了近年來國內外對于專利研究所采用的主要方法與工具；然后,從面向技術領域與面向競爭對手兩個角度提出具體的專利預警指標,最后,選定云計算為具體研究領域與競爭對手分析,對研發(fā)項目管理中專利預警模式與方法進行研究。面向技術領域的專利預警工作以技術生命周期為依托展開,從技術整體分析、重點技術分析與技術發(fā)展趨勢三方面構建專利指標進行研究；目前中國市場云計算技術發(fā)展迅速,專利數(shù)量迅速增加,發(fā)展前景看好；但技術依賴性高達21.6%,且技術領域狹窄,技術空白較多,技術專利主要分布在H04L0012與H04L0029,熱門領域包括私人電子助理、存儲盤驅動、虛擬專用網絡與內存管理。面向競爭對手的專利預警研究中,本文建議可將競爭對手分為三類：行業(yè)領先者,追趕企業(yè)與專利主張實體。行業(yè)領先者技術專利眾多,已在全球范圍內開展專利布局；追趕企業(yè)技術研發(fā)起步晚,技術生長率較高,發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ?國內企業(yè)大多屬于追趕企業(yè),因此是本節(jié)指標分析對象；專利主張實體多以專利許可或訴訟為運營模式來獲取收入,而技術的高度復雜化又為這類企業(yè)的隱蔽性創(chuàng)造了條件,所以在研發(fā)項目的專利預警中,對這類企業(yè)也需格外關注。
[Abstract]:With the increasing competition in the market, technological innovation has gradually become the core competitiveness of enterprises, and enterprises have increased their R & D investment to ensure a firm foothold in the fierce competition in the industry, and technological R & D has great uncertainty.Therefore, project risk management is an important subject in R & D project management.Chinese enterprises are in the period of technological catch-up, and the patent power is weak, which is easy to fall into the patent jungle and even the patent trap, resulting in high cost and delaying the development of technology.How to do patent early warning and avoid patent risk in R & D project management has become an urgent research hotspot.Using patent metrology, this paper explores how Chinese enterprises should carry out patent early warning in R & D project management.First of all, the paper summarizes the implementation of patent early warning at home and abroad, and summarizes the principles, framework, methods and indicators of patent early warning at home and abroad.It also analyzes the main methods and tools used in recent years for patent research at home and abroad, and then puts forward the specific patent warning index from two aspects of technology-oriented and competition-oriented. Finally,Cloud computing is selected as the specific research field and competitors to study the patent early warning model and method in R & D project management.The patent early-warning work in the field of technology is based on the technology life cycle, and the patent index is constructed from three aspects: the overall analysis of technology, the key technology analysis and the trend of technological development. At present, cloud computing technology is developing rapidly in the Chinese market.The number of patents is increasing rapidly and the development prospect is promising, but the technical dependence is as high as 21.6, and the technical field is narrow, and there are many technical gaps. The technology patents are mainly distributed in H04L0012 and H04L0029. The hot fields include private electronic assistant, storage disk driver, and so on.Virtual Private Network and memory Management.In the research of patent warning for competitors, this paper suggests that competitors can be divided into three categories: industry leader, catch-up enterprise and patent entity.The industry leader technology patent is numerous, has carried out the patent layout in the global scope; the catch-up enterprise technology research and development starts late, the technology growth rate is higher, the development potential is big, the domestic enterprise mostly belongs to the catch-up enterprise, therefore is this section index analysis object;Patent claims entities take patent license or litigation as the operating mode to obtain revenue, and the high complexity of technology creates conditions for the concealment of this kind of enterprises, so in the patent early warning of R & D projects, special attention should be paid to this kind of enterprises.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F273.1

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