本文選題：軟土地基　切入點(diǎn)：靜壓樁　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：軟土地基在我國特別是沿海地區(qū)分布廣泛。軟土具有含水量高、孔隙比大,抗剪強(qiáng)度低、滲透性小等特點(diǎn),且有明顯的流變性和觸變性。在重型工業(yè)廠房和高層建筑中,對(duì)于厚層軟土的普遍采用的處理方法是采用樁基穿透軟土層以達(dá)到提高承載力和減小沉降量的目的。在軟土層中施工靜壓預(yù)應(yīng)力管樁和沖孔灌注樁相較其他土體而言更加困難。本文結(jié)合DFDQ項(xiàng)目中靜壓地坪樁和墻柱下灌注樁的施工,以項(xiàng)目管理和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)為理論基礎(chǔ),針對(duì)質(zhì)量控制和安全管理等方面進(jìn)行了研究。本文針對(duì)DFDQ工程中靜壓預(yù)應(yīng)力管樁的施工,在對(duì)管樁內(nèi)返土量和自引孔對(duì)返土量的影響進(jìn)行研究的基礎(chǔ)上,研發(fā)并應(yīng)用了新型開口鋸齒形專利樁尖,從施工方向、沉樁速率、設(shè)置防擠溝和應(yīng)力釋放孔等方面提出了防治擠土效應(yīng)的綜合施工技術(shù)措施,并對(duì)沉樁過程中的位移和孔隙水壓力進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測。經(jīng)檢測證明,以上措施成功控制了靜壓樁的施工質(zhì)量。針對(duì)超深軟基中沖孔灌注樁的施工,本文從工程難點(diǎn)入手分析,對(duì)孔徑、成孔方式、成孔工藝和施工技術(shù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究和控制,提出了提高軟土地基中施工灌注樁時(shí)的泥漿比重等技術(shù)措施,并研發(fā)和應(yīng)用了新型的長空心喇叭口流線型樁錘。通過專利樁錘的應(yīng)用和系列技術(shù)措施,在施工過程中成功避免了軟土地基成孔易發(fā)生的塌孔、縮徑等問題,提高了灌注樁的施工質(zhì)量。最后,本文從制度、人員體系、材料機(jī)械設(shè)備環(huán)境管理等方面系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了質(zhì)量、工期、安全保障措施并在工程中進(jìn)行應(yīng)用,實(shí)踐證明以上措施達(dá)到了良好的效果。本文通過實(shí)例研究,總結(jié)了在超深軟土地基中施工灌注樁和靜壓樁的一系列技術(shù)和管理措施,可以為后續(xù)工程提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,應(yīng)用前景廣泛。
[Abstract]:Soft soil foundation is widely distributed in China, especially in coastal areas.Soft soil has the characteristics of high water content, high porosity ratio, low shear strength and low permeability, and has obvious rheology and thixotropy.In heavy industrial buildings and high-rise buildings, pile foundation is widely used to deal with thick soft soil in order to increase the bearing capacity and reduce the settlement.It is more difficult to construct static prestressing pipe pile and punching pile in soft soil than other soil.Based on the theory of project management and economics, this paper studies the quality control and safety management based on the construction of static pressure floor pile and cast-in-place pile under wall column in DFDQ project.Aiming at the construction of static pressure prestressed pipe pile in DFDQ project, on the basis of studying the influence of the return soil quantity and self-lead hole on the return soil quantity, a new type of open sawtooth patented pile tip is developed and applied, and from the construction direction, the piling rate is studied.The comprehensive construction technical measures to prevent and control the soil squeezing effect are put forward in the aspects of setting the anti-squeezing ditch and the stress releasing hole, and the displacement and pore water pressure during the piling process are monitored.It has been proved by test that the construction quality of static pressure pile has been controlled successfully by the above measures.In view of the construction of cast-in-place pile with medium punching hole in ultra-deep soft foundation, this paper analyzes the difficulties in engineering, studies and controls the aperture, the way of hole formation, the technology of hole formation and the technical parameters of construction.This paper puts forward some technical measures such as increasing the specific gravity of mud in the construction of cast-in-place pile in soft soil foundation, and develops and applies a new type of long hollow bell-mouth streamlined pile hammer.Through the application of patented pile hammer and series of technical measures, the problems of hole collapse and diameter reduction in soft soil foundation are successfully avoided in the construction process, and the construction quality of cast-in-place pile is improved.Finally, this paper systematically summarizes the quality, duration and safety measures from the aspects of system, personnel system and environmental management of materials, machinery and equipment, and applies them to the project. The practice shows that the above measures have achieved good results.In this paper, a series of techniques and management measures for construction of cast-in-place pile and static pressure pile in ultra-deep soft soil foundation are summarized, which can provide experience and reference for subsequent projects and have a wide application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU753.3

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