【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)東桑西移戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施,桑農(nóng)養(yǎng)蠶越來(lái)越多,桑葉需求量越來(lái)越大,但桑葉采摘自動(dòng)化程度仍然比較低,國(guó)內(nèi)的桑葉采摘作業(yè)基本上還是以手工為主。鑒于此,本文針對(duì)我國(guó)桑葉采摘機(jī)技術(shù)落后,主要停留在人工采摘桑葉這一現(xiàn)狀,進(jìn)行了桑園種植情況調(diào)研和了解桑農(nóng)桑葉采摘方式,并在分析國(guó)內(nèi)外桑葉采摘機(jī)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)桑葉采摘機(jī)采摘過(guò)程中桑枝的輸送、間歇撥動(dòng)定位、采摘等環(huán)節(jié)存在技術(shù)問(wèn)題,對(duì)桑葉采摘機(jī)間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置及采摘裝置的關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,以獲得圓柱分度凸輪具體運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù),最終設(shè)計(jì)一種連桿式自動(dòng)桑葉采摘機(jī)來(lái)代替人工采摘,以降低桑農(nóng)勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面展開(kāi)研究:(1)到桑園調(diào)查研究,了解桑園管理模式、桑樹(shù)生長(zhǎng)情況以及桑農(nóng)采摘桑葉方式。并根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外桑葉采摘機(jī)采摘機(jī)理、桑葉采摘機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以及工作環(huán)境分析研究,確定桑葉采摘刀具所行走行程為1200mm,桑樹(shù)主桿離地面高度為200mm。根據(jù)調(diào)查可知桑園桑樹(shù)種植一般壟距為80cm,株距為40cm。用彈簧測(cè)力計(jì)和小刀片對(duì)桑葉葉柄進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的切割力學(xué)試驗(yàn),確定桑葉葉柄末鞘和桑樹(shù)主桿連接處力的大小,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示葉柄的切割力主要集中在2N-6N范圍之間。(2)設(shè)計(jì)連桿式桑葉采摘機(jī)總裝結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)其傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)以及主要工作部件—行走裝置、底座裝置、間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置、桑葉采摘裝置以及其他輔助機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。以增加桑葉采摘裝置上曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)的最小傳動(dòng)角為目標(biāo),勾型導(dǎo)軌最低點(diǎn)與曲柄轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中心的距離為1400mm,為構(gòu)成偏心曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu),曲柄長(zhǎng)度的取值范圍是[450,600],連桿的取值范圍是[800,1400],以滑塊最大行程不超過(guò)勾型導(dǎo)軌最低點(diǎn)和偏心曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)曲柄、連桿需要滿足的長(zhǎng)度條件為約束;建立優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型;利用Pro/E上的優(yōu)化模塊進(jìn)行分析,從而獲得最佳設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù):曲柄長(zhǎng)度為547mm,連桿長(zhǎng)度為1275mm,最終求得最小傳動(dòng)角為39.4°,與最小傳動(dòng)角的理論計(jì)算基本吻合,使采摘機(jī)構(gòu)獲得最佳的傳動(dòng)性能。根據(jù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果對(duì)桑葉采摘裝置和間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)匹配研究,確定桑葉采摘機(jī)的一個(gè)采摘周期為5.7s,其中桑枝撥動(dòng)時(shí)間為1.3s和定位時(shí)間為4.4s。(3)對(duì)間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置的關(guān)鍵部件圓柱分度凸輪進(jìn)行分析研究,結(jié)合桑葉采摘裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律和圓柱分度凸輪的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),將圓柱分度凸輪劃分為分度期和停歇期,根據(jù)計(jì)算確定分度期轉(zhuǎn)角為820,停歇期轉(zhuǎn)角為2780。通過(guò)分析計(jì)算,確定圓柱分度凸輪和分度盤(pán)的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),完成間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。使間歇撥動(dòng)定位裝置與桑葉采摘裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間協(xié)調(diào)匹配,保障了物流暢通,使桑葉采摘能夠順利進(jìn)行。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the strategy of moving from east to west in China, there are more and more mulberry farmers raising silkworm, and the demand for mulberry leaves is increasing, but the degree of automation of mulberry leaf picking is still relatively low, and the domestic mulberry leaf picking operations are basically manual. In view of this, in view of the backward technology of mulberry leaf picking machine in our country, this paper mainly stays in the present situation of artificial picking mulberry leaf, investigates the planting situation of mulberry garden and understands the picking mode of mulberry leaf, and on the basis of analyzing the technology of mulberry leaf picking machine at home and abroad, aiming at the technical problems of mulberry branch transportation, intermittent plucking positioning and picking in the picking process of mulberry leaf picking machine, The intermittent plucking positioning device of mulberry leaf picking machine and the key mechanism of picking device are analyzed in detail in order to obtain the specific motion parameters of cylindrical dividing cam. Finally, a connecting rod automatic mulberry leaf picking machine is designed to replace manual picking in order to reduce the labor intensity of mulberry farmers. This paper mainly studies from the following aspects: (1) to the mulberry garden investigation and study, to understand the mulberry garden management model, mulberry growth and mulberry farmers pick mulberry leaves. According to the mechanism of mulberry leaf picking at home and abroad, the development trend of mulberry leaf picking machine and the analysis of working environment, it is determined that the walking stroke of mulberry leaf picking tool is 1200 mm, and the height of mulberry main rod from the ground is 200 mm. According to the investigation, the general ridge distance of mulberry planting in mulberry garden is 80 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The simple cutting mechanics test of mulberry leaf petiole was carried out with spring dynamometer and blade, and the force between the end sheath of mulberry leaf petiole and the main rod of mulberry tree was determined. the test results showed that the cutting force of petiole was mainly concentrated in the range of 2N-6N. (2) the general assembly structure of connecting rod mulberry leaf picking machine was designed, and the transmission system and main working parts, such as walking device, base device and intermittent swinging positioning device, were designed. Mulberry leaf picking device and other auxiliary mechanisms are designed. In order to increase the minimum transmission angle of the crank slider mechanism on the mulberry leaf picking device, the distance between the lowest point of the hook guide rail and the rotation center of the crank is 1400 mm. In order to form the eccentric crank slider mechanism, the value range of the crank length is [450600], and the value range of the connecting rod is [800, 450600]. The maximum stroke of the slider does not exceed the lowest point of the hook guide rail and the crank of the eccentric crank slider mechanism. The optimization mathematical model is established and analyzed by using the optimization module on Pro/E, and the optimum design parameters are obtained: the crank length is 547mm, the connecting rod length is 1275mm, and the minimum transmission angle is 39.4 擄, which is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation of the minimum transmission angle, so that the picking mechanism can obtain the best transmission performance. According to the optimization results, the motion time of mulberry leaf picking device and intermittent plucking positioning device is studied. It is determined that one picking period of mulberry leaf picking machine is 5.7 s, in which the mulberry branch plucking time is 1.3 s and the positioning time is 4.4 s. (3) the cylindrical dividing cam, which is the key component of the intermittent plucking positioning device, is analyzed and studied, combined with the motion law of mulberry leaf picking device and the structural characteristics of cylindrical dividing cam. The cylindrical dividing cam is divided into dividing period and stopping period. According to the calculation, the rotation angle of the dividing period is 820 and the rotation angle of the stopping period is 2780. Through the analysis and calculation, the structural parameters of the cylindrical dividing cam and the dividing plate are determined, and the structural design of the intermittent toggling positioning device is completed. The motion time of the intermittent plucking positioning device and the mulberry leaf picking device is coordinated and matched, which ensures the smooth flow of the logistics and makes the mulberry leaf picking proceed smoothly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S225.93

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;摘水果的機(jī)器[J];山西果樹(shù);1982年01期

2 葉力勤;李強(qiáng);陳漸寧;安巍;;便攜式枸杞采摘機(jī)采摘性能研究[J];寧夏農(nóng)林科技;2009年04期

3 何軍;;便攜式枸杞采摘機(jī)對(duì)枸杞樹(shù)的要求[J];山西果樹(shù);2012年04期

4 李強(qiáng);葉力勤;安巍;;枸杞采摘機(jī)的適采條件[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2009年06期

5 陳建東;郭輝;郭峰;楊宛章;;啤酒花自動(dòng)采摘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及機(jī)理分析[J];農(nóng)業(yè)裝備技術(shù);2010年01期

6 陳建東;郭輝;郭峰;楊宛章;;啤酒花自動(dòng)采摘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及機(jī)理分析[J];農(nóng)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)與裝備;2010年01期

7 陳建東;郭輝;郭峰;韓長(zhǎng)杰;楊宛章;;啤酒花自動(dòng)采摘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及機(jī)理分析[J];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年04期

8 馬衛(wèi)星;;枸杞采摘機(jī)使用分析及改進(jìn)建議[J];新疆農(nóng)機(jī)化;2011年04期

9 陳建東;郭輝;韓長(zhǎng)杰;楊宛章;;小型啤酒花采摘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及試驗(yàn)[J];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年06期

10 寇明杰,張得儉,韓少平;淺析啤酒花自動(dòng)采摘機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[J];機(jī)械研究與應(yīng)用;2005年04期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 通訊員單繼東;150團(tuán)引進(jìn)意大利全自動(dòng)番茄采摘機(jī)[N];石河子日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2010年

2 張麗坤;雷澤民自主研發(fā)枸杞采摘機(jī)[N];吳忠日?qǐng)?bào);2008年

3 本報(bào)記者 裴立新　陸峰;紫菜采摘機(jī)帶來(lái)什么[N];南通日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

4 記者 張瑛;第三代枸杞采摘機(jī)顯身手[N];寧夏日?qǐng)?bào);2010年

5 新華社記者 司久岳;機(jī)械“莊稼漢”，更壯更能干[N];新華每日電訊;2004年

6 記者明文團(tuán);我州大規(guī)模推廣農(nóng)作物機(jī)械化采摘[N];昌吉日?qǐng)?bào);2010年

7 馮正睿;枸杞采摘機(jī)的選擇[N];中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)化導(dǎo)報(bào);2013年

8 安徽 方躍斌;國(guó)威HA1698P/TD-LCD電話摘機(jī)故障檢修[N];電子報(bào);2002年

9 四川 阿秋;無(wú)繩電話機(jī)雷擊損壞檢修一例[N];電子報(bào);2006年

10 江西 江潔平;單向話機(jī)的改進(jìn)[N];電子報(bào);2003年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 楊志敏;油茶果采摘機(jī)振動(dòng)特性研究[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2013年

2 薛燁;振動(dòng)式林果采摘機(jī)虛擬樣機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)及動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2013年

3 王朋輝;油荼果懫摘機(jī)雙工位換擋機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與仿真分析[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2016年

4 莊錦芳;曲柄連桿式桑葉采摘機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化[D];廣西科技大學(xué);2015年

5 韓欣悅;摘機(jī)系統(tǒng)的研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)[D];北京交通大學(xué);2009年

6 奚陽(yáng);摘機(jī)體驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[D];電子科技大學(xué);2013年

7 陳建東;啤酒花采摘機(jī)主要參數(shù)的試驗(yàn)研究[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

8 劉進(jìn)寶;基于樹(shù)干振動(dòng)機(jī)理的林果采摘機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與分析[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

9 蔡崗礎(chǔ);油茶果采摘機(jī)三角橡膠履帶輪底盤(pán)的設(shè)計(jì)與力學(xué)分析[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2014年

10 佘智熙;公用IC卡電話智能防盜打器的研制與開(kāi)發(fā)[D];中南大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號(hào)：2500106