廣州市多環(huán)芳烴污染與小學(xué)生內(nèi)暴露水平的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-29 06:32
【摘要】：多環(huán)芳烴是廣泛存在于大氣、水體、土壤等環(huán)境介質(zhì)中的一種持久性有機污染物,并經(jīng)過呼吸、飲食及皮膚接觸暴露等途徑進入人體,進而對人體健康造成威脅,具有致癌、致畸、致突變效應(yīng),因而成為學(xué)術(shù)界日益關(guān)注的環(huán)境污染問題。本論文通過對廣州市居民區(qū)及工業(yè)區(qū)環(huán)境空氣中萘、芴、菲、芘等16種PAHs及小學(xué)生體內(nèi)2-OHN、1-OHN、2-3-OHF、2-OHPhe、3-OHPhe、1-9-OHPhe、4-OHPhe和1-OHP等8種OH-PAHs的聯(lián)合檢測,探討分析廣州市不同區(qū)域環(huán)境空氣中PAHs污染特征、污染來源及小學(xué)生尿液中OH-PAHs暴露水平的特征研究等。結(jié)果表明:(1)居民區(qū)環(huán)境空氣中PAHs的平均濃度高于工業(yè)區(qū),而居民區(qū)小學(xué)生尿液中OH-PAHs的內(nèi)暴露水平略低于工業(yè)區(qū)。兩區(qū)域暴露前后的差異可能說明尿液中OH-PAHs暴露水平的影響因素不僅是個體呼吸暴露,可能還存在其他的暴露途徑如飲食暴露、個體代謝差異等。(2)環(huán)境空氣中多環(huán)芳烴污染的源解析結(jié)果顯示,居民區(qū)的污染來源主要是交通污染的影響,而工業(yè)區(qū)的主要污染來源是物流交通影響、石化企業(yè)排放及煤、生物質(zhì)燃燒。同時,研究區(qū)域中氣相PAHs主要為低環(huán)PAHs(2~4環(huán)),如萘、苊、芴、菲、蒽、熒蒽和芘等,而高環(huán)PAHs(5~6環(huán))則主要富集在顆粒相中,如苯并[a]蒽、?、苯并[b]熒蒽、苯并[k]熒蒽、苯并[a]芘、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘和苯并[g,h,i]傒等。(3)居民區(qū)OH-PAHs單體之間有顯著相關(guān)性(P0.01),相關(guān)系數(shù)在0.511~0.928,工業(yè)區(qū)小學(xué)生尿液中1-OHP與1-OHN、1-OHP與2-OHN之間的相關(guān)性無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.01)。這種差異可能是由工業(yè)區(qū)的物流交通及石化企業(yè)排放的復(fù)合污染引起的,同時也說明采用多種OH-PAHs的聯(lián)合監(jiān)測更能充分的反應(yīng)個體的實際暴露水平。(4)與國內(nèi)其他研究結(jié)果相比,廣州市居民區(qū)及工業(yè)區(qū)環(huán)境空氣中PAHs處于相對較高的污染水平,這可能與珠三角地區(qū)的區(qū)域性污染有關(guān)。廣州市小學(xué)生體內(nèi)除居民區(qū)1-OHP以外,其他單體OH-PAHs的暴露水平均相對較低,但相比國外的一些研究,廣州市小學(xué)生體內(nèi)OH-PAHs污染還需引起注意。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants that widely exist in the atmosphere, water body, soil and other environmental media, and enter the human body through breathing, diet and skin contact exposure, which pose a threat to human health and cause cancer. Teratogenic and mutagenic effects have become increasingly concerned about environmental pollution in academia. In this paper, 16 kinds of PAHs, such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene and so on, in residential and industrial areas of Guangzhou City, were studied. The contents of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene in the air of primary school students were 2OHN, 1OHN, 2OHPhe, 2OHPhe, 3OHPhe, 1 ~ 9OHPhe, respectively. The combined detection of 8 kinds of OH-PAHs, including 4-OHPhe and 1-OHP, was carried out to investigate the characteristics of PAHs pollution in air, the source of pollution and the level of OH-PAHs exposure in urine of primary school students in different regions of Guangzhou. The results showed that: (1) the average concentration of PAHs in air in residential area was higher than that in industrial zone, while the OH-PAHs exposure level in urine of primary school students in residential area was slightly lower than that in industrial zone. The differences before and after exposure to the two regions may indicate that the factors influencing the level of OH-PAHs exposure in urine are not only individual respiratory exposure, but also other exposure pathways such as dietary exposure. (2) the source analysis results of PAHs pollution in ambient air show that the main source of pollution in residential areas is the impact of traffic pollution, while the main source of pollution in industrial areas is the impact of logistics traffic. Petrochemical enterprises emissions and coal, biomass combustion. At the same time, the gas-phase PAHs in the study region is mainly low-ring PAHs, such as naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene, while the high-ring PAHs (5 / 6 ring) is mainly enriched in granular phase, such as benzo [a] anthracene, benzo [b] fluoranthene, etc. Benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, indene [1, 2, 3 渭 CD] pyrene and benzo [g, h, I], etc. (3) there was a significant correlation between OH-PAHs monomers in residential areas (P0.01), with a correlation coefficient of 0.511 to 0.928, There was no significant correlation between 1-OHP and 1 OHN, and there was no significant correlation between 2-OHN and OHP in the urine of primary school students in industrial area (P0.01). This difference may be caused by combined pollution from logistics and transportation in industrial areas and emissions from petrochemical enterprises. At the same time, the joint monitoring of multiple OH-PAHs can more fully reflect the actual exposure level of individuals. (4) compared with other domestic research results, the air PAHs in residential and industrial areas in Guangzhou is in a relatively high level of pollution. This may be related to regional pollution in the Pearl River Delta region. In addition to residential 1-OHP, the exposure level of other monomeric OH-PAHs in primary school students in Guangzhou was relatively low, but compared with some foreign studies, the OH-PAHs pollution in primary school students in Guangzhou needed to be noticed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X51;X592
本文編號：2468019
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants that widely exist in the atmosphere, water body, soil and other environmental media, and enter the human body through breathing, diet and skin contact exposure, which pose a threat to human health and cause cancer. Teratogenic and mutagenic effects have become increasingly concerned about environmental pollution in academia. In this paper, 16 kinds of PAHs, such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene and so on, in residential and industrial areas of Guangzhou City, were studied. The contents of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene in the air of primary school students were 2OHN, 1OHN, 2OHPhe, 2OHPhe, 3OHPhe, 1 ~ 9OHPhe, respectively. The combined detection of 8 kinds of OH-PAHs, including 4-OHPhe and 1-OHP, was carried out to investigate the characteristics of PAHs pollution in air, the source of pollution and the level of OH-PAHs exposure in urine of primary school students in different regions of Guangzhou. The results showed that: (1) the average concentration of PAHs in air in residential area was higher than that in industrial zone, while the OH-PAHs exposure level in urine of primary school students in residential area was slightly lower than that in industrial zone. The differences before and after exposure to the two regions may indicate that the factors influencing the level of OH-PAHs exposure in urine are not only individual respiratory exposure, but also other exposure pathways such as dietary exposure. (2) the source analysis results of PAHs pollution in ambient air show that the main source of pollution in residential areas is the impact of traffic pollution, while the main source of pollution in industrial areas is the impact of logistics traffic. Petrochemical enterprises emissions and coal, biomass combustion. At the same time, the gas-phase PAHs in the study region is mainly low-ring PAHs, such as naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene, while the high-ring PAHs (5 / 6 ring) is mainly enriched in granular phase, such as benzo [a] anthracene, benzo [b] fluoranthene, etc. Benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, indene [1, 2, 3 渭 CD] pyrene and benzo [g, h, I], etc. (3) there was a significant correlation between OH-PAHs monomers in residential areas (P0.01), with a correlation coefficient of 0.511 to 0.928, There was no significant correlation between 1-OHP and 1 OHN, and there was no significant correlation between 2-OHN and OHP in the urine of primary school students in industrial area (P0.01). This difference may be caused by combined pollution from logistics and transportation in industrial areas and emissions from petrochemical enterprises. At the same time, the joint monitoring of multiple OH-PAHs can more fully reflect the actual exposure level of individuals. (4) compared with other domestic research results, the air PAHs in residential and industrial areas in Guangzhou is in a relatively high level of pollution. This may be related to regional pollution in the Pearl River Delta region. In addition to residential 1-OHP, the exposure level of other monomeric OH-PAHs in primary school students in Guangzhou was relatively low, but compared with some foreign studies, the OH-PAHs pollution in primary school students in Guangzhou needed to be noticed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X51;X592
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