本文選題：煉鋼連鑄調(diào)度　切入點：出鋼順　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代大型煉鋼廠煉鋼連鑄生產(chǎn)過程是由多個爐次（一臺轉(zhuǎn)爐內(nèi)冶煉的鋼水構(gòu)成一個爐次），多個澆次(在同一臺連鑄機上連續(xù)澆鑄的爐次集合構(gòu)成一個澆次)，在多臺轉(zhuǎn)爐，多臺、多種精煉爐，多臺連鑄機通過多種精煉方式組成。鐵水通過轉(zhuǎn)爐冶煉成鋼水，然后倒入鋼包（裝載鋼水的容器）。鋼包通過天車和臺車（運輸設(shè)備）載運到精煉位進行一重或多重精煉(一個爐次在一臺或多臺精煉爐上加工，稱為一重或多重精煉)。精煉后的鋼水在倒入中間包（裝載鋼水的容器）后運送到連鑄機，通過連鑄機鑄成板坯。 煉鋼連鑄計劃調(diào)度是在爐次的工藝路徑即每個爐次加工工序總數(shù)以及每道工序的所選設(shè)備種類已知的條件下，以嚴格保證每個澆次內(nèi)的爐次在連鑄機連續(xù)澆鑄以及同一設(shè)備上兩相鄰爐次之間不產(chǎn)生作業(yè)沖突即“不斷澆，不沖突”為調(diào)度目標；以澆次在連鑄機上開澆時間與該澆次的理想開澆時間差值大小以及相鄰操作之間的爐次等待時間長短為節(jié)能降耗因素；在滿足爐次在任意加工時間設(shè)備的唯一性和爐次在任意加工設(shè)備時間的連續(xù)性兩個約束條件下，確定每個爐次在不同工序的加工設(shè)備以及在相應(yīng)設(shè)備加工的開始時間；形成煉鋼連鑄生產(chǎn)作業(yè)時間表，即煉鋼連鑄計劃調(diào)度。 國內(nèi)某大型鋼廠目前的煉鋼連鑄調(diào)度以人工調(diào)度為主。因國內(nèi)的鋼廠一般都屬于大型、高速、多種工藝路徑混合的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，，靠人工來進行煉鋼生產(chǎn)調(diào)度難度很大。目前依靠人工排定的出鋼順計劃只有連鑄開澆時刻和轉(zhuǎn)爐出鋼終了時刻[16,17]，對于眾多的與調(diào)度密切相關(guān)的爐外精煉設(shè)備，沒有一個類似澆鑄順計劃的火車時刻表，這樣會導(dǎo)致在計劃執(zhí)行過程中，調(diào)度人員對執(zhí)行結(jié)果沒有一個直觀的感性認識，容易造成物流堵塞或設(shè)備閑置，嚴重時還會造成鋼水凍結(jié)、連鑄斷澆，影響寶鋼煉鋼生產(chǎn)的順暢運行。為此，如何將調(diào)度人員的經(jīng)驗計算機化、快速生成出鋼順時刻表，以保證物流的暢通、提高生產(chǎn)效率，這是國內(nèi)鋼廠目前迫切需要解決的問題。本文所設(shè)計的煉鋼連鑄調(diào)度優(yōu)化軟件采用數(shù)學(xué)模型技術(shù)，計算出煉鋼、精煉、連鑄工序的火車時刻表（出鋼順計劃時刻表），即煉鋼連鑄調(diào)度計劃。本軟件在根據(jù)現(xiàn)場的實際需求，設(shè)計了初始化模塊、設(shè)備指派模塊、模型生成模塊、沖突揭曉模塊以及數(shù)據(jù)保存模塊，根據(jù)各個模塊規(guī)定的功能，本文詳細給出了調(diào)度規(guī)劃軟件系統(tǒng)的模塊過程設(shè)計。對所采用的算法、程序流程進行了分析，設(shè)計出全部必要的過程細節(jié)，并給予明確的表述。 基于本文所提出的煉鋼連鑄優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型和算法開發(fā)了煉鋼連鑄調(diào)度軟件。經(jīng)在具有3重精煉方式、3臺轉(zhuǎn)爐、7臺精煉爐和3臺連鑄機的某大型鋼廠中對所提出的方法進行了工業(yè)實驗，結(jié)果與已有現(xiàn)場的實驗結(jié)果進行對比。煉鋼連鑄的實際生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)對該過程優(yōu)化調(diào)度算法進行仿真實驗。結(jié)果表明：針對10組工業(yè)實驗數(shù)據(jù)（每組數(shù)據(jù)含有3個澆次計劃，爐次數(shù)在20-23個之間）進行工業(yè)實驗，結(jié)果表明：采用優(yōu)化方法制定生產(chǎn)調(diào)度表的時間平均為1.2秒小于實際生產(chǎn)調(diào)度表生成時間6秒；在各組工業(yè)實驗案例中，爐次在連鑄前的最大等待時間均小于2分33秒，偏離理想開澆時間最大值是3分11秒，所得時間遠優(yōu)于實際生產(chǎn)過程所求得的在鑄機前的等待時間和偏離理想開澆時間的最大值。調(diào)度的實際生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)對所研發(fā)的調(diào)度軟件進行工業(yè)驗證表明，本文所提出的優(yōu)化調(diào)度方法是合理有效的，基于該方法所開發(fā)的軟具有良好的性能，具有在鋼鐵工業(yè)廣泛應(yīng)用的前景。
[Abstract]:The modern large-scale steel plant of steelmaking and continuous casting production process is composed of a plurality of times (a furnace of molten steel in the converter smelting furnace, constitute a multiple (CAST) continuous casting in a continuous casting machine of furnace set consisting of a cast), converter, in multiple variety, refining furnace, casting machines through a variety of ways. By refining hot metal smelting into molten steel, and then poured into a ladle (container steel ladle). By crane and trolley (transportation equipment) to carry a heavy or a refining refining furnace (a multiple times in one or more refining furnace processing, called single or multiple). After refining refining of molten steel in the tundish (into container steel) after being transported to the continuous casting machine, casting machine through the cast slab.
In the process of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling is the time that each path of furnace furnace process and the total number of selected conditions known types of equipment each procedure under, to strictly ensure each cast within the furnace in continuous casting continuous casting machine and a device between two adjacent furnace without generating the operation conflict "continue pouring, no conflict" as the scheduling target; to cast in continuous casting machine casting and the casting ideal opened between the furnace casting time difference and adjacent operation duration of waiting for energy saving factors; in any furnace to meet the processing time of equipment and the uniqueness of the furnace in any time the continuous processing equipment two constraint conditions, determine each furnace with different processing equipment and processes in the corresponding processing equipment start time; the formation of casting production schedule of steelmaking, namely steelmaking and continuous casting plan Dispatch.
At present, the continuous casting scheduling in a large-scale steel plant in China based on manual scheduling. Because of the domestic steel mills generally belongs to large, high speed, production enterprises of various process path by artificial mixing, for steelmaking production scheduling is very difficult. At present, relying on artificial scheduled steel production plan only casting start time and end time for the [16,17] converter tapping. Many are closely related to the scheduling of refining equipment, do not have a similar plan along the train timetable in casting, it will lead to the implementation of the plan in the process of scheduling, no one understood the result, may cause the blockage or idle equipment, can also cause serious freezing of molten steel, continuous casting break Baosteel Steelmaking, affect the smooth running of production. Therefore, how to dispatch computer personnel, rapid generation of the steel production schedule, to ensure smooth logistics Pass, improve production efficiency, this is the domestic mills urgent problem need to be solved. In this paper, the design of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling system using mathematical model, calculate the steelmaking, refining, continuous casting process of the train timetable (Chu Gangshun schedule), namely steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling plan. According to the actual needs of the software in the field the design, initialization module, device assignment module, model generation module, conflict announcement module and the data storage module, each module according to the provisions of the function, the module design process planning and scheduling software system are given in detail. The algorithm and procedure of analysis, design and process all the necessary details. Give a clear statement.
The software development of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling optimization model and algorithm proposed in this paper. Based on the 3 with 3 sets of refining, converter, a large-scale steel plant 7 sets and 3 sets of refining furnace continuous casting machine in the proposed method of industrial experiment results and the experimental results are available contrast. The actual production data of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling algorithm to optimize the simulation process. The results show that: for the 10 groups of industrial experimental data (data of each group containing 3 times in furnace casting plan, between 20-23) industrial experiments, the results show that the optimization method is adopted to make production schedule for an average of 1.2 seconds less than the actual production schedule generation time of 6 seconds in the experiment group; industrial furnace in the case, the maximum waiting time before casting was less than 2 minutes and 33 seconds, deviating from the ideal pouring time maximum is 3 minutes and 11 seconds, the The time is much better than that obtained by the process of actual production in casting machine before the waiting time and pouring time deviates from the ideal maximum. The research shows that scheduling software industrial production data scheduling, optimization scheduling method is presented in this paper is reasonable and effective, which is developed based on this method has good soft the performance, is widely used in iron and steel industry in the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TF777

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