本文關(guān)鍵詞： 柴油機 軸承磨損 實時監(jiān)測 應急響應　出處：《上海交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟一體化的快速發(fā)展,海洋運輸已經(jīng)成為國際物流中最主要的運輸方式。而柴油機作為船舶的心臟,其安全平穩(wěn)的運行必須得到確保。而曲軸及其軸承又是柴油機的重要組成部分。近幾年,主機廠,船廠以及船東開始意識到油霧探測器[1]的局限性:其反應速度慢,響應滯后,通常情況下,當曲柄箱內(nèi)的油霧濃度達到報警界限時,各軸承已經(jīng)發(fā)生了嚴重的損壞。因此,人們對能夠?qū)崟r監(jiān)測各軸承狀態(tài)的需求越來越強烈。本文結(jié)合當下最常用的二沖程低速柴油機的運行現(xiàn)狀,分析了引發(fā)柴油機軸承故障的內(nèi)在因素和外在因素。在此基礎上,以提升柴油機運行安全性為目的,本文提出了一種軸承磨損監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)(Bearing Wear Monitoring System)。該系統(tǒng)利用軸承磨損必然會導致活塞下止點位置變化這一原理,通過對活塞下止點位置的檢測和比對來實現(xiàn)對柴油機主軸承,曲柄銷軸承和十字頭軸承磨損狀態(tài)的監(jiān)測。通過分析樣機在測試臺上的試驗情況,并結(jié)合柴油機在各工況下活塞下止點位置變化的數(shù)據(jù),以及系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過最終的裝機驗證后,本文給出了最終具備可操作性的邏輯算法,驗證了其可行性和實用性。該系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了對柴油機各軸承磨損狀況的實時監(jiān)測,其分辨率達到了0.01mm。同時該系統(tǒng)能夠在軸承磨損到達極限值前或磨損狀況異常時給出應急響應,必要時能與柴油機監(jiān)測報警系統(tǒng)通訊給出降速信號。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economic integration, ocean transportation has become the most important mode of transportation in international logistics. Its safe and smooth operation must be ensured, and the crankshaft and its bearings are an important part of the diesel engine. In recent years, the main engine yard, shipyard and shipowners have begun to realize the limitations of the oil fog detector [1]: its slow reaction speed and delayed response, Normally, when the concentration of oil mist in the crank box reaches the alarm limit, the bearings have been seriously damaged. There is a growing demand for real-time monitoring of the state of bearings. In this paper, the internal and external factors causing the bearing failure of the diesel engine are analyzed according to the current operating situation of the most commonly used two-stroke low-speed diesel engine. In order to improve the safety of diesel engine, a bearing wear monitoring system is presented in this paper. The system makes use of the principle that bearing wear will inevitably lead to the change of the lower check point position of the piston. The wear status of diesel engine main bearing, crank pin bearing and cross head bearing is monitored by checking and comparing the position of the lower check point of piston. Combined with the data of the change of the position of the piston under the different working conditions and the final verification of the system, this paper gives the final operable logic algorithm. The feasibility and practicability of the system are verified. The system realizes the real-time monitoring of the wear condition of each bearing of diesel engine, and its resolution is up to 0.01 mm. at the same time, the system can give the emergency response before the bearing wear reaches the limit value or when the wear condition is abnormal. When necessary, it can communicate with the diesel engine monitoring and alarm system to give the deceleration signal.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U672.74

【共引文獻】

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本文編號：1526000